Effect of Spatial Distribution of Plants Under Different Watering
Regimes on the Yield and its Components of Corn (Zea mays, L.)
‫تأثير التوزيع الفراغي للنباتات تحت نظم مختلفة من الري علي المحصول ومكوناته في الذرة الشامية‬
Howida Ezz El-Din Abd El-Kader
‫هويدة عزالدين عبدالقادر‬
Ragab Ahmad Dawood, Anaam Hlame Galal
‫ إنعام حلمى جالل‬،‫رجب أحمد داوود‬
Abstract:
Two field experiments were carried out during to summer seasons (2007 and 2008) at the
Experimental Farm of the Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, to study the
response of maize yield and its components for three irrigates intervals (12, 18 and 24 days),
(Single Cross Watania 4 and Three Way Cross 310) and four spatial distribution of plants (40x50
cm, 35x60 cm, 30-70 cm and 25x80 cm). Experimental design was split-split plot, where
irrigation intervals were assigned to the main plots, genotypes were in the sub-plot and spatial
distribution of plants were occupied the sub-sub-plots.
The obtained results could be summarized as follow:
A- Growth traits:
1- Plant height was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation, genotype and
the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or Single Cross
Watania 4 and plant distribution (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the tallest plants were observed by irrigation interval at
12 day with the Single Cross Watania 4 or by spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) with the
Single Cross Watania 4 in the second season only. As well as, the tallest plant was recorded by
irrigation interval at 12 days with spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the tallest plants were recorded by irrigation interval at 12
day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in the second
season.
2- First ear height was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation, genotype
and the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or Single Cross
Watania 4 and plant distribution (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the maximum values for first ear height were observed
by irrigation interval at 12 day with the Single Cross Watania 4 or by spatial distribution of
plants (30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the first season or in the second season
only, respectively. As well as, the maximum value was recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days
with spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the maximum values for the first ear height was recorded
by irrigation interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in the second season.
B – Yield and its components:
1- Ear length was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation, genotype and the
spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or Single Cross Watania 4
and (30x70 cm) in both seasons. Except genotype was not significant in the first season.
Concerning the first order, interactions the longest ear was observed by spatial distribution of
plants (30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the second season only. As well as, the
longest ear was recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days with spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the longest ear was recorded by irrigation interval at 12
day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in the second
season.
2- Ear diameter was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation, genotype and
the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or Single Cross
Watania 4 and (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the greatest ear diameter was observed by spatial
distribution of plants (30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the second season only. As
well as, the greatest ear diameter was recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days with spatial
distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the greatest ear diameter was recorded by irrigation
interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in
the second season.
3- Number of rows/ear was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation,
genotype and the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or
Single Cross Watania 4 and (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the maximum No. of rows/ ear was observed by spatial
distribution of plants (30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the first season only. As
well as, the maximum No. of rows/ear was recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days with
spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the maximum number of rows/ear was recorded by
irrigation interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in the second season.
4- Number of grains/row was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation,
genotype and the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or
Single Cross Watania 4 and (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the maximum No. of grains/row was observed by
irrigation interval at 12 day with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the first season only. As well as,
the maximum No. of grains/row was recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days with spatial
distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the maximum number of grains/ear was recorded by
irrigation interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in the second season.
5- 200-grain weight was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation, genotype
and the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or Single Cross
Watania 4 and (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the maximum values for 200-grain weight were
observed by spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the
first season only. As well as the maximum values were recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days
with spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) or by irrigation interval at 12 day with Single
Cross Watania 4 in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the maximum values for 200 grain weight were recorded by
irrigation interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in the second season.
6- Shelling percentage was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation,
genotype and the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or
Single Cross Watania 4 and (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the maximum value for shelling percentage was
observed by spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the
first season only. As well as, the maximum value was recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days
with spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) or by irrigation interval at 12 days with Singld
Cross Watania 4 in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the maximum values for shelling percentage were recorded
by irrigation interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in the second season.
7- Grain yield/fed. was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation, genotype
and the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or Single Cross
Watania 4 and (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the maximum values for grain yield were observed by
irrigation interval at 12 day with the Single Cross Watania 4 or by spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 and irrigation interval at 12 days with spatial
distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the maximum values for grain yield were recorded by
irrigation interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in the second season.
C – Grain quality
1- Crude protein % was reacted significantly to the three main effects i.e. irrigation, genotype
and the spatial distribution of plants in favour of irrigation interval at 12 day, or Single Cross
Watania 4 and (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
Concerning the first order interactions, the maximum value for crude protein % was observed
by spatial distribution of plants (30x70 cm) with the Single Cross Watania 4 in the first season
only. As well as, the maximum value was recorded by irrigation interval at 12 days with spatial
distribution of plants (30x70 cm) in both seasons.
As for the second order interaction, the maximum value for crude protein % was recorded by
irrigation interval at 12 day with Single Cross Watania 4 under spatial distribution of plants
(30x70 cm) in the second season.