MAS XXX: Cooperative Machines
INSTRUCTOR
COURSE
DAY & Time
ROOM
H level credit
Breazeal
Cooperative Machines
Special Topics in Media Technology
XX-XX
NE18-595, 1CC conference room (??)
Units 12-0-0
This course examines the issues, principles, and challenges toward building
machines that cooperate with humans and with other machines through lecture, lively
discussion and critique of course readings, and student projects. Philosophical,
scientific, and theoretical insights into this subject will be examined, as well as how
these ideas are manifest in both natural and artificial systems (e.g. software agents and
robots). Student projects explore selected course themes in depth.
Part 1: Intention: Philosophical and Scientific Insights
Week 1:
Week 2:
Week 3:
Week 4
Week 5
Philosophy: Intention and Folk Psychology
Development of Theory of Mind (ToM)
Models of ToM
Reading Behavior, Reading Minds
Toward Machines with Theory of other Minds
Part 2: Collaborative Systems
Week 6:
Week 7
Week 8:
Week 9
Week 10
Human computer collaboration
Theory of collaborative dialog
Student semester project proposals due
Recognizing intentional structure in discourse
Plan recognition in discourse
Machines that express intent
Part 3: Machines that Collaborate and Cooperate
Week 11
Week 12:
Week 13:
Robot teams
Human Computer Collaboration
Student presentations of semester projects
Course Readings
Week 1:
Philosophy
B. Malle & J. Knobe (2001), “The Distinction between Desire and Intention: A
Folk-Conceptual Analysis.” In Malle, Moses and Baldwin (eds.) Intention and
Intentionality. MIT Press. Chapter 2.
M. Bratman (1990), “ What is intention?” In Cohen, Morgan and Pollack (eds.)
Intentions in Communication. MIT Press. Chapter 2.
D. Dennett (1987), “Three kinds of intentional psychology.” In The Intentional
Stance. MIT Press. Chapter 3.
Week 2:
Development of Theory of Mind
A. Meltzoff & R. Brooks (2001) “Like Me” as a Building block for understanding
other minds: bodily acts, attention and intention. In Malle, Moses & Baldwin (eds)
Intention and Intentionality. MIT Press. Chapter 8.
S. Baron Cohen (1991), “Precursers to a Theory of Mind: Understanding
Attention in Others.” In A. Whiten (ed) Natural Theories of Mind. Blackwell.
Chapter 16.
H. Wellman (1991), “From Desires to Beliefs: Acquisition of a Theory of Mind.” In
A. Whiten (ed.) Natural Theories of Mind. Blackwell. Chapter 2.
Week 3:
Models of Theory of Mind
A. Gopnick & H. Wellman (1992), “Why the Child’s Theory of Mind Really Is a
Theory.” Mind and Language 7(1-2), pp 145-171.
S. Nichols, S. Stich, A. Leslie and D. Klein (1996), “Variations of off-line
simulation.” In Carreuthers and Smith (eds.) Theories of Theories of Mind.
Cambridge University Press. Chapter 4.
A. Goldman (2001), “Desire, Intention, and the Simulation Theory.” In Malle,
Moses and Baldwin (eds.) Intention and Intentionality. MIT Press. Chapter 10.
Week 4
Reading behavior, reading minds
D. Baldwin & L. Moses (1994), “Early understanding of referential intent and
attentional focus: evidence from language and emotion.” In C. Lewis and P.
Mitchell (eds.) Children’s Early Understanding of Mind.” Lawrence Erlbaum
Assoc. Chapter 7.
A. Woodward, J. Sommerville and J. Guajardo (2001), “How infants make sense
of intentional action.” In Malle, Moses, and Baldwin (eds.) Intention and
Intentionality. MIT Press. Chaper 7.
D. Povinelli (1996), “Chimpanzee theory of mind? The long road to strong
inference.” In P. Carruthers and P. Smith (eds.) Theories of Theories of Mind.
Cambridge University Press. Chapter 18.
Week 5
Toward Machines with ToM
M. Mataric (2000). “Getting Humanoids to Move and Imitate". In IEEE Intelligent
Systems:18-24, Jul 2000.
B. Scassellati (2000). "Theory of Mind for a Humanoid Robot," In the first
IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Humanoid Robotics. Cambridge, Ma.
C. Breazeal, D. Bushbaum, J. Gray, B. Blumberg (2004). “Learning from and
about others: towards using imitation to bootstrap the social competence of
robots.” In review Artificial Life.
Week 6:
Collaborative Systems
B. Gross (1996). “Collaborative Systems.” 1994 AAAI Presidential Address.”
2(17), pp. 67-85.
B. Grosz and C. Sidner (1986), "Attention, Intentions, and the Structure of
Discourse", Computational Linguistics, 12(3), pp 175—202.
J. Allen, D. Byron, M. Dzikovska, G. Ferguson, L. Galescu and A. Stent (2001),
“Towards conversational human-computer interaction.” In AI Magazine 22(4),
pages 27-38, Winter, 2001.
Week 7
Theory of collaborative dialog
P. Cohen & H. Levesque (1990),”Persistence, Intention, and commitment.” In
Cohen, Morgan, Pollack (eds) Intentions in Communication. MIT Press. Chapter
3.
B. Grosz & C. Sider (1990) “Plans for Discourse” In Cohen, Morgan, Pollack
(eds) Intentions in Communication. MIT Press. Chapter 20.
D. Sullivan, A. Glass, B. Grosz, and S. Kraus (1999), “ Intention reconciliation in
the context of teamwork: an initial empirical investigation.” In Klusch, Shehory,
Weiss (eds) Cooperative Information Agents III, Lecture Notes in Artificial
Intelligence. Vol 1652. Springer-verlag. Pp 149-162.
Week 8:
Recognizing intentional structure in discourse
K. Lochbaum (1998), “A collaborative planning model for intentional structure.”
Computational Linguistics 4(24) pp.525-571.
F. Quek, D. McNeill, R. Bryll, S. Duncan, X. Ma, C. Kirbas, K. McCullough, R.
Ansari (2002), “Multimodal human discourse: gesture and speech. ACM
transactions on computer human interaction 9(3), pp 171-193.
J. Cassell, Y. Nakano, T. Bickmore (2001) “Non-verbal cues for discourse
structure.” In proceedings of the association for computational linguistics, July
2001. Telouse, France.
Week 9
Plan recognition in discourse
D. Litman & J. Allen (1990) “Discourse processing and commonsense plans” In
Cohen, Morgan, and Pollack (eds.) Intentions in Communication. MIT Press.
Chatper 17.
Lesh, N., Rich, C., Sidner, C.L. (1999) “Using plan recognition in humancomputer collaboration.” In Proceedings of the International Conference on User
Modelling (UM-99),
N. Lesh, C. Rich, and C. Sidner (2001), “Collaborating with focused and
unfocused users under imperfect communication. In proceedings of the
international conference on User Modelling. Springer Verlag, pp. 64—73.
Week 10
Machines that express intent
F. de Rosis, C. Pelachaud, I. Poggi, V. Carofiglio and B. De Carolis (2003) “From
Greta’s Mind to her Face: Modelling the Dynamics of Affective States in a
Conversational Embodied Agent.” International Journal of Human-Computer
Studies, 59.
J. Cassell and H. Vilhjalmsson (1999), “Fully embodied conversational avatars:
making communicative behaviors autonomous.” Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems 2 pp 45—64.
S. Carberry, L. Lambert, and L. Schroeder ( ), “Toward recognizing and
conveying an attitude of doubt via natural language.” Applied Artificial
Intelligence, 16(7), pp. 495-517, 2002.
Week 11
Robot teams
T. Balch & R. Arkin (1994), “Communication in Reactive Multiagent Robotic
Systems.” Autonomous Robots 1(1), p 27-52.
P. Stone & M. Veloso (1999), “Task Decomposition, Dynamic Role Assignment,
and Low-Bandwidth Communication for Real-Time Strategic Teamwork.” Artificial
Intelligence, 110(2), pp 241-273.
M. Veloso, P. Stone & M. Bowling (1998) “Anticipation: A Key for Collaboration
in a Team of Agents.” In Proceedings of the third international conference on
autonomous agents.
Week 12:
Human computer collaboration
C. Rich, C. Sidner and N. Lesh (2001) “Collagen: Applying Collaborative
Discourse Theory to Human-Computer Interaction.” AI Magazine. Winter 2001.
pp 15-25
J. Rickel, N. Lesh, C. Rich, C. Sidner, and A. Gertner (2002), “Collaborative
Discourse Theory as a Foundation for Tutorial Dialog.” In proceedings of the 6 th
International Conference on Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Springer Verlag, pp
512-551.