Ch. 22 RSG
Key Terms
Directions: Identify and explain who, what, where, when, & historical significance.
1) Theodore Roosevelt’s presidency
2) The “Square Deal”
3) Pure Food and Drug Act
4) Meat Inspection Act
5) Conservation
6) Preservation
7) Gifford Pinchot
8) National Reclamation Act
9) John Muir
10) National Forest System
11) National Park System
12) Hetch-Hetchy Controversy
13) Panic of 1907
14) William Howard Taft’s presidency
15) Children’s Bureau
16) Robert La Follette
17) New Nationalism
18) Election of 1912
19) The Progressive Party
20) Woodrow Wilson’s presidency
21) New Freedom
22) Federal Reserve Act
23) Keatings-Owen Act
24) “Big stick” diplomacy
25) Open Door Policy
26) Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
27) Platt Amendment
28) Panama Canal
29) Panamanian Revolt
30) “Dollar Diplomacy”
31) “Moral Diplomacy”
**Notice how some of these terms are related. Make the connections & see how it is actually
broken down into big ideas.**
Comprehension/Essay Questions
Directions: Answer the following questions using complete sentences and as many key terms
and explanations as possible. Be able to fully explain and support your position as possible.
1. Dr. Brinkley writes, “By the end of Woodrow Wilson’s first term, the federal government 
which had exercised very limited powers prior to the twentieth century  had greatly
expanded its role in American life.” Analyze the consequences of this new acquisition of
federal power.
2. Use examples from the chapter and your knowledge of the Progressive Era to defend Dr.
Brinkley’s statement that as president, Theodore Roosevelt became “a champion of cautious,
moderate change.” If this was the case, how then, did he eventually alienate the conservative
wing of his party?
3. How did Roosevelt's "big stick" foreign policy differ from the foreign policies of Taft and
Wilson? How were they similar?
The Battle for National Reform
Chapter Twenty-two Main Themes
1. The guiding ideology, domestic interests, and foreign entanglements of Theodore Roosevelt's
administration.
2. The troubled succession of William Howard Taft to the presidency, and how it paved the way
for the ascension of Woodrow Wilson.
3. The administration of Woodrow Wilson as both a conservative and progressive leader.
4. America's embrace of a much more assertive and interventionist foreign policy, especially in
the Caribbean and Latin America.
A thorough study of Chapter Twenty-two should enable the student to understand:
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The nature and extent of Theodore Roosevelt's "square deal" progressivism.
The similarities and differences between the domestic progressivism of William Howard Taft
and of Roosevelt.
The distinction between conservation and preservation, and why this distinction ultimately
triggered the split between Taft and Roosevelt.
The consequences of the split in the Republican Party in 1912.
The philosophical and practical differences between Roosevelt's New Nationalism and Wilson's
New Freedom.
The differences between Woodrow Wilson's campaign platform and the measures actually
implemented during his term.
The social limits of Wilson progressivism, particularly with regards to women's suffrage and
segregation.
The new direction of American foreign policy introduced by Roosevelt, especially in Asia and
the Caribbean.
The similarities and differences between Taft's and Roosevelt's approaches to foreign policy.
The reasons for the continuation of American interventionism in Latin America under Wilson.
The unfolding of the diplomatic crisis between Mexico and the United States in the years
before American entry into WWI.