SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL FOR:
THE EFFECT OF ELEVATED CO2 ON GROWTH AND COMPETITION IN EXPERIMENTAL
PHYTOPLANKTON COMMUNITIES
Table of Contents
FIGURES
2
FIGURE 1
2
SUMMARY TABLES OF ANALYSIS
3
ANALYSIS OF GROWTH RATE IN PURE CULTURE
3
ANALYSIS 1: EFFECT OF CO2 TREATMENT ON EACH SPECIES ACROSS ASSAYS/CONCENTRATION OF CO2 IN
TREATMENT
3
ANALYSIS 2: TAXONOMIC GROUP SPECIFICITY OF CO2 TREATMENT EFFECT ON GROWTH IN DIFFERENT
ASSAYS/CO2 CONCENTRATIONS
5
ANALYSIS 3: SPECIES SPECIFICITY OF CO2 TREATMENT EFFECT ON GROWTH IN DIFFERENT ASSAYS/CO2
CONCENTRATIONS
7
ANALYSIS OF COMPETITION COEFFICIENT
9
ANALYSIS 4: EFFECT OF CO2 TREATMENT ON COMPETITION BETWEEN SPECIES FROM DIFFERENT
TAXONOMIC GROUPS
9
ANALYSIS 5: EFFECT OF CO2 TREATMENT ON COMPETITION BETWEEN SPECIES FROM DIFFERENT
TAXONOMIC GROUPS
16
ANALYSIS 6: EFFECT OF CO2 TREATMENT ON COMPETITION BETWEEN SPECIES FROM DIFFERENT
TAXONOMIC GROUPS
17
ANALYSIS 7: COMPETITIVE RESPONSE TO CO2 TREATMENT IN FULL COMMUNITY AS PREDICTED BY
COMPETITIVE RESPONSE IN PAIR CULTURE
18
FIGURES
Figure 1
Predicting the competitive response to elevated CO2 in the pair competitions from competitive response in
pure cultures. Each species is competed separately with four other species. The competitive response of
the species is the mean value of the competition coefficient across all four competitions. The regression of
competitive response (in pairwise mixture) on growth response (in pure culture) is positive in all assays,
and has a R2 = 0.62 (P = 0.06) in the final assay. This suggest the potential of predicting competitive
response and changes in community dynamics from physiological knowledge and experiments on
individual species.
SUMMARY TABLES OF ANALYSIS
Analysis of Growth Rate in Pure Culture
Analysis 1: Effect of CO2 treatment on each species across assays/concentration of CO2
in treatment
Response variable: Growth rate in pure culture
Data separation: by species
Model: Growth rate~CO2 treatment*Assay/concentration of CO2 in treatment
Number of analysis data blocks: 6
Navicula
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.189
1 396.052 0.0000 ***
***
***
Assay/[CO2] of treatmet
0.111
5 46.290 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Assay/[CO2] interaction
0.020
5
***
***
Residuals
0.011 24
8.271 0.0001 ***
Nitzschia
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.113
1 167.230 0.0000 ***
***
***
Assay/[CO2] of treatmet
0.045
5 13.197 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Assay/[CO2] interaction
0.016
5
***
Residuals
0.016 24
4.738 0.0038 ***
Scenedesmus
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.272
1 851.904 0.0000 ***
***
***
Assay/[CO2] of treatmet
0.114
5 71.320 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Assay/[CO2] interaction
0.015
5
***
***
Residuals
0.008 24
9.463 0.0000 ***
Pseudokirchneriella
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.295
1 817.508 0.0000 ***
***
***
Assay/[CO2] of treatmet
0.513
5 284.006 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Assay/[CO2] interaction
0.014
5
***
***
Residuals
0.009 24
7.914 0.0002 ***
Synechococcus
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.221
1 33.262 0.0000 ***
***
***
Assay/[CO2] of treatmet
0.576
5 17.366 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment by Assay/[CO2] interaction
0.014
5
Residuals
0.146 22
***
***
0.413 0.8348
Anabaena
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.067
1 61.761 0.0000 ***
***
Assay/[CO2] of treatmet
0.024
5
4.478 0.0050 ***
***
CO2 treatment by Assay/[CO2] interaction
0.114
5 21.177 0.0000 ***
***
Residuals
0.026 24
***
***
Analysis 2: Taxonomic group specificity of CO2 treatment effect on growth in different
assays/CO2 concentrations
Response variable: Growth rate in pure culture
Averaging by species
Data separation: by assay/concentration of CO2 in treatment
Model: Growth rate~CO2 treatment * Taxonomic group
Number of analysis data blocks: 6
Assay 1 ( treatment at 560 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.043
1
1.934 0.2137
Taxonomic group
0.065
2
1.451 0.3061
CO2 treatment by Taxonomic group interaction
0.001
2
0.031 0.9693
Residuals
0.134
6
Assay 2 ( treatment at 680 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.054
1 20.723 0.0039 ***
Taxonomic group
0.044
2
8.402 0.0182 ***
CO2 treatment by Taxonomic group interaction
0.002
2
0.376 0.7016
Residuals
0.016
6
***
Assay 3 ( treatment at 800 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.075
1 54.114 0.0003 ***
***
Taxonomic group
0.042
2 15.071 0.0046 ***
***
CO2 treatment by Taxonomic group interaction
0.003
2
Residuals
0.008
6
***
1.085 0.3960
Assay 4 ( treatment at 920 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.065
1 34.323 0.0042 ***
Taxonomic group
0.051
2 13.457 0.0167 ***
CO2 treatment by Taxonomic group interaction
0.002
2
Residuals
0.008
4
***
0.514 0.6330
Assay 5 ( treatment at 1000 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.111
1 167.467 0.0000 ***
***
***
Taxonomic group
0.031
2
***
***
CO2 treatment by Taxonomic group interaction
0.003
2
Residuals
0.004
6
23.655 0.0014 ***
2.409 0.1706
Assay 6 ( treatment at 1000 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.025
1
Taxonomic group
0.201
2 10.418 0.0112 ***
2.578 0.1595
CO2 treatment by Taxonomic group interaction
0.026
2
Residuals
0.058
6
1.355 0.3268
Analysis 3: Species specificity of CO2 treatment effect on growth in different assays/CO2
concentrations
Response variable: Growth rate in pure culture
Data separation: by assay/concentration of CO2 in treatment
Model: Growth rate~CO2 treatment * Species
Number of analysis data blocks: 6
Assay 1 ( treatment at 560 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.130
1 71.778 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species
0.596
5 65.974 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Species interaction
0.005
5
Residuals
0.043 24
0.561 0.7286
Assay 2 ( treatment at 680 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.163
1 194.565 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species
0.173
5
41.276 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Species interaction
0.012
5
2.955 0.0323 ***
Residuals
0.020 24
Assay 3 ( treatment at 800 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.226
1 377.791 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species
0.146
5
48.831 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Species interaction
0.014
5
4.663 0.0041 ***
***
Residuals
0.014 24
Assay 4 ( treatment at 920 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.226
1 220.495 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species
0.179
5
***
***
CO2 treatment by Species interaction
0.007
5
Residuals
0.023 22
34.963 0.0000 ***
1.313 0.2949
Assay 5 ( treatment at 1000 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.334
1 108.477 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species
0.104
5
6.745 0.0005 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Species interaction
0.012
5
0.786 0.5701
Residuals
0.074 24
Assay 6 ( treatment at 1000 ppm CO2)
Sum Sq Df F value Pr(> F) sig. cor. sig. 6 tests cor. sig. 18 tests
CO2 treatment
0.075
1
42.896
0.0000 ***
***
***
Species
0.708
5
81.358
0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment by Species interaction
0.148
5
16.979
0.0000 ***
***
***
Residuals
0.042 24
Analysis of competition coefficient
Analysis 4: Effect of CO2 treatment on competition between species from different
taxonomic groups
Response variable: Competition coefficient of species from group 1 (focal species)
Data separation: by assay/concentration of CO2 in treatment and by functional competition (Chlorophytes vs
Cyanobacteria, Chlorophytes vs Diatoms and Diatoms vs Cyanobacteria)
Model: Competition coefficient~ CO2 treatment * Species from group 1 (Focal species)* Species from group 2
(Competitor species)
Number of analysis data blocks: 24
Competitions between Diatoms and Chlorophytes
Competitions between Diatom vs Chlorophyte in assay 1
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
cor. sig. 6
tests
Intercept
0.04
1.00 15.608 0.0011 ***
***
CO2 treatment
0.00
1.00
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.03
1.00 11.762 0.0034 ***
***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.74
1.00 275.702 0.0000 ***
***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.000 0.9880
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.359 0.5575
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.01
1.00
2.498 0.1336
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.298 0.5924
Residuals
0.04 16.00
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
0.285 0.6010
***
Competitions between Diatom vs Chlorophyte in assay 2
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.09
1.00 25.202 0.0002 ***
CO2 treatment
0.00
1.00
0.724 0.4082
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.00
1.00
0.197 0.6635
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.33
1.00 94.469 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.008 0.9299
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.241 0.6308
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.01
1.00
1.993 0.1784
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.333 0.5726
Residuals
0.05 15.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
***
***
***
Competitions between Diatom vs Chlorophyte in assay 3
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
cor. sig. 6
tests
Intercept
0.01
1.00 12.727 0.0031 ***
***
CO2 treatment
0.09
1.00 134.201 0.0000 ***
***
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.01
1.00
8.997 0.0096 ***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.16
1.00 242.970 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.02
1.00 26.119 0.0002 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
6.379 0.0242 ***
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00
1.00
4.978 0.0425 ***
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
5.291 0.0373 ***
Residuals
0.01 14.00
Competitions between Diatom vs Chlorophyte in assay 4
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.00
1.00
CO2 treatment
0.05
1.00 17.979 0.0006 ***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.02
1.00
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.17
1.00 68.633 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.01
1.00
2.581 0.1277
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
5.821 0.0282 ***
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.02
1.00
8.223 0.0112 ***
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.019 0.8923
Residuals
0.04 16.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
0.432 0.5202
***
***
***
***
7.588 0.0141 ***
Competitions between Diatom vs Chlorophyte in assay 5
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
Intercept
0.25
1.00 130.844 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment
0.03
1.00 14.284 0.0020 ***
***
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.01
1.00
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.31
1.00 162.567 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.074 0.7901
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
1.778 0.2037
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.01
1.00
3.873 0.0692
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.873 0.3661
Residuals
0.03 14.00
2.869 0.1124
Competitions between Diatom vs Chlorophyte in assay 6
Sum
Sq
Intercept
0.10
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
1.00 23.917 0.0002 ***
cor. sig. 6
tests
***
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
CO2 treatment
0.15
1.00 35.667 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.00
1.00
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.08
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.04
1.00 20.741 0.0003 ***
***
***
1.00 10.233 0.0056 ***
***
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.02
1.00
4.535 0.0491 ***
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.016 0.9005
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
2.231 0.1547
Residuals
0.07 16.00
0.002 0.9676
Competitions between Diatoms and Cyanobacteria
Competitions between Diatom vs Cyanobacteria in assay 1
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.05
1.00
6.449 0.0219 ***
CO2 treatment
0.00
1.00
0.106 0.7493
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.02
1.00
2.081 0.1684
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.23
1.00 31.437 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.669 0.4254
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.013 0.9095
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.02
1.00
2.748 0.1168
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.02
1.00
2.939 0.1058
Residuals
0.12 16.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
***
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
Competitions between Diatom vs Cyanobacteria in assay 2
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.13
1.00 51.117 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment
0.01
1.00
3.038 0.1032
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.00
1.00
0.600 0.4516
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.04
1.00 17.504 0.0009 ***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.03
1.00 11.538 0.0043 ***
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.01
1.00
2.020 0.1772
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
2.892 0.1111
Residuals
0.04 14.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
***
***
***
0.297 0.5941
***
Competitions between Diatom vs Cyanobacteria in assay 3
Sum
Df
F
Pr(>
sig.
cor. sig. 6
cor. sig. 18
Sq
value
F)
tests
Intercept
0.40
1.00 60.738 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment
0.00
1.00
0.174 0.6818
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.00
1.00
0.702 0.4146
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.00
1.00
0.203 0.6582
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.04
1.00
6.299 0.0232 ***
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.525 0.4791
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.295 0.5944
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
1.932 0.1835
Residuals
0.10 16.00
tests
***
***
Competitions between Diatom vs Cyanobacteria in assay 4
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.20
1.00 33.364 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment
0.03
1.00
4.726 0.0451 ***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.00
1.00
0.004 0.9491
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.00
1.00
0.104 0.7515
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.10
1.00 15.975 0.0010 ***
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.026 0.8749
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.490 0.4940
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.071 0.7937
Residuals
0.10 16.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
***
***
***
Competitions between Diatom vs Cyanobacteria in assay 5
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
Intercept
0.32
1.00 106.290 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment
0.09
1.00 29.689 0.0001 ***
***
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.00
1.00
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.04
1.00 11.907 0.0033 ***
***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.06
1.00 19.928 0.0004 ***
***
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.087 0.7723
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00
1.00
1.320 0.2674
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.352 0.5614
Residuals
0.05 16.00
0.137 0.7166
Competitions between Diatom vs Cyanobacteria in assay 6
***
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.43
1.00 50.711 0.0000 ***
CO2 treatment
0.06
1.00
7.653 0.0138 ***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.00
1.00
0.034 0.8569
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.08
1.00
9.007 0.0085 ***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.06
1.00
7.018 0.0175 ***
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
1.189 0.2916
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.01
1.00
0.697 0.4161
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
0.837 0.3739
Residuals
0.13 16.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
***
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
Competitions between Chlorophytes and Cyanobacteria
Competitions between Chlorophyte vs Cyanobacteria in assay 1
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
Intercept
0.19
1.00 31.407 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment
0.10
1.00 16.744 0.0009 ***
***
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.42
1.00 68.146 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.65
1.00 104.918 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.09
1.00 13.977 0.0018 ***
***
***
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.02
1.00
3.203 0.0924
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
1.410 0.2524
Residuals
0.10 16.00
0.240 0.6310
Competitions between Chlorophyte vs Cyanobacteria in assay 2
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
Intercept
0.63
1.00 473.268 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment
0.05
1.00 38.297 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.14
1.00 107.525 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.02
1.00 18.411 0.0010 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.857 0.3728
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.120 0.7351
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.03
1.00 20.331 0.0007 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
Residuals
0.02 12.00
3.114 0.1030
Competitions between Chlorophyte vs Cyanobacteria in assay 3
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.28
1.00 15.550 0.0012 ***
CO2 treatment
0.04
1.00
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.32
1.00 17.302 0.0007 ***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.10
1.00
5.375 0.0340 ***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.035 0.8530
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.05
1.00
2.536 0.1309
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.03
1.00
1.387 0.2561
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.05
1.00
2.587 0.1273
Residuals
0.29 16.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
***
***
***
***
1.917 0.1852
Competitions between Chlorophyte vs Cyanobacteria in assay 4
Sum
Sq
Df
F
value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.11 1.00
6.049 0.0257 ***
CO2 treatment
0.10 1.00
5.540 0.0317 ***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.10 1.00
5.971 0.0265 ***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.10 1.00
6.015 0.0260 ***
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00 1.00
0.018 0.8960
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00 1.00
0.137 0.7164
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00 1.00
0.082 0.7783
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00 1.00
0.134 0.7195
Residuals
0.28 16.00
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
Competitions between Chlorophyte vs Cyanobacteria in assay 5
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
Intercept
0.71
1.00 276.239 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment
0.09
1.00 36.498 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.10
1.00 37.852 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.01
1.00
2.695 0.1202
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.01
1.00
5.528 0.0319 ***
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.02
1.00
7.853 0.0128 ***
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.079 0.7826
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.01
1.00
2.171 0.1600
Residuals
0.04 16.00
Competitions between Chlorophyte vs Cyanobacteria in assay 6
Sum
Sq
Df
F value
Pr(>
F)
sig.
cor. sig. 6
tests
cor. sig. 18
tests
Intercept
0.50
1.00 128.894 0.0000 ***
***
***
CO2 treatment
0.27
1.00 70.383 0.0000 ***
***
***
Species from first group (Focal Species)
0.05
1.00 11.900 0.0033 ***
***
Species from second group (Competitor Species)
0.01
1.00
1.554 0.2305
CO2 treatment and Focal Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.313 0.5833
CO2 treatment and Competitor Species
interaction
0.03
1.00
8.831 0.0090 ***
Focal and Competitor Species interaction
0.00
1.00
0.368 0.5528
CO2 treatment, Focal and Competitor Species
interaction
0.00
1.00
0.000 0.9845
Residuals
0.06 16.00
Analysis 5: Effect of CO2 treatment on competition between species from different
taxonomic groups
Response variable: Competition coefficient of first species (focal species)
Model: Competition coefficient ~ CO2 treatment
Chlorophytes
Chlorphytes
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F) sig.
CO2 Treatment
1
0.00
0.00
Residuals
4
0.01
0.00
0.84 0.4118
Diatoms
Diatoms
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F) sig.
CO2 Treatment
1
0.23
0.23
Residuals
4
1.89
0.47
0.49 0.5229
Cyanobactiria
Cyanobacteria
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F) sig.
CO2 Treatment
1
0.01
0.01
Residuals
3
0.00
0.00
14.88 0.0308 ***
Analysis 6: Effect of CO2 treatment on competition between species from different
taxonomic groups
Response variable: Competition coefficient of each species
Model: Competition coefficient of 6 species~ CO2 treatment
Full community MANOVA
Df Pillai approx F num Df den Df Pr(> F)
CO2 treatment
1
1
22.201
6.00
11.00 0.0000
Residuals 16
Navicula
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F)
CO2
1
0.006
0.01
Residuals 16
0.656
0.04
0.16 0.6978
Nitzschia
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F)
CO2
1
0.126
0.13
Residuals 16
0.255
0.02
7.93 0.0124
Scenedesmus
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F)
CO2
1
0.337
0.34
Residuals 16
0.240
0.02
22.45 0.0002
Pseudokirchneriella
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F)
CO2
1
0.340
0.34
Residuals 16
0.221
0.01
24.59 0.0001
Synechococcus
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F)
CO2
1
0.082
0.08
Residuals 16
0.357
0.02
3.67 0.0733
Anabaena
Df Sum Sq Mean Sq F value Pr(> F)
CO2
1
0.216
0.22
Residuals 16
0.352
0.02
9.82 0.0064
Analysis 7: Competitive response to CO2 treatment in full community as predicted by
competitive response in pair culture
Competitive response is the difference between the mean competition coefficient of a given species at elevated CO2
and its mean competition coefficient at ambient CO2
A linear model was fit
Competition response in pair competition predicting competition response in full community
Estimate
Std. Error
t value
Pr(> |t|)
Intercept
0.11
0.04
2.84
0.05
Competition response in pair culture
1.03
0.27
3.81
0.02
R squared
1 0.7840
Competition response in pair competition predicting competition response in full community (Removing Nitzschia in
competition with Pseudokirchneriella)
Estimate
Std. Error
t value
Pr(> |t|)
Intercept
0.10
0.03
2.87
0.05
Competition response in pair culture
1.10
0.25
4.42
0.01
R squared
1 0.8304
Competition response in pair competition predicting competition response in full community (Removing Nitzschia in
competition with Pseudokirchneriella & Synechococcus)
Estimate
R squared
1 0.9977
Std. Error
t value
Pr(> |t|)
Intercept
0.07
0.01
12.43
0.00
Competition response in pair culture
1.29
0.04
36.02
0.00