Choose a volcanic eruption or an earthquake you have studied.
Explain the effects of the volcanic eruption or the earthquake on the people and the environment. (6)
1 Leeward Islands in the Caribbean.
7 Fires were caused in forests by volcanic gases
igniting.
13 As the two plates collide, the oceanic plate is
subducted under the continental plate.
2 It lies on a convergent plate boundary.
8 Twenty-three people died.
14 Heat produced by friction melts the crust to
form molten magma.
3 Two-thirds of the island was covered in ash.
9 Half the population were evacuated to the north 15 £41 million in aid was donated by the British
of the island.
government.
4 Between 1995 and 1997 the volcano erupted
huge quantities of lava, ash and pyroclastic flows.
10 A risk assessment was undertaken to help the
locals prepare for future eruptions.
16 The port and airport were closed, badly
affecting the tourist industry.
5 The Montserrat Volcano Observatory was set up
to monitor the volcano.
11 This increases pressure which triggers
earthquakes.
17 Plymouth, the capital, became an abandoned
‘ghost town’.
6 The hot magma rises to the surface and forms
a volcano.
12 Rivers flooded because they were blocked by
ash.
18 Crops and animals were destroyed by layers of
volcanic ash.
Location
Causes of the eruption
Human responses to the eruption
Key words