Fauna
On the territory of the Republic there are 835 species of vertebrates, including
mammals - 178 species, birds - 489 (396 of them nest in Kazakhstan, and other fly
just for the winter or fly away in spring and autumn), reptiles – 49, amphibians – 12,
fish – 104 and cyclostomes – 3. It is proposed that in Kazakhstan about 100 thousand
species of invertebrates, including not less than 50 thousand species of insects live.
128 species and subspecies of vertebrate animals, including fish – 18 species,
amphibians - 3, reptiles - 10 birds - 57 mammals - 40, 96 species of invertebrates,
including annelids - 2, molluscs - 6, crustaceans - 1, arachnids - 2, insects – 85 are
entered into the Red Book of Kazakhstan.
The Fauna protection involves state inspectors of territorial bodies of the
Committee of forestry and fauna, inspectors of services of Specially protected
natural territories, state forest agencies, hunt service organizations.
Saiga and rare
endangered species of ungulates protection
Saiga and rare endangered species of ungulates protection is implemented by
“PA” “Ohotzooprom” RSE in the 10 administrative regions.
Protection measures of “PA” “Ohotzooprom” RSE are carried out in more than
120,0 million hectares, using vehicles in a very difficult off-road mountainous terrain,
desert and steppe areas. About 220 inspectors of protection of fauna and 114 units of
with cross-country vehicles are involved in the protection process.
In order to more quickly and effectively protection procuring of the saiga
helicopters and airplanes are used, due to the extent and inaccessibility of many
animal habitats (mountains, deserts, Betpakdala).
According to spring 2014 aerial survey data saiga population reached 256,7
thousand species, i.e., it has increased more than 6,4 times compared to 2005. As a
result of the taken measures for the protection the number of argali, gazelle, kulan,
tugai deer is increased compared to 2006.
Nowadays in order to study the problems of saiga disease the Committee with
the “Scientific Research Institute for Biological Safety Problems” RSE of the
Committee of Science of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of
Kazakhstan implement “Ecological epizootological monitoring and the development
of means of specific prophylaxis and diagnostics against especially dangerous
diseases of saiga” scientific and technical program. The program is approved by the
Higher Scientific and Technical Commission of the Government of the Republic of
Kazakhstan.
Financing of this scientific and technical program was planned for the years
2012-2015.
The fauna of Kazakhstan
Mammals
Birds
Reptiles
178
489
396 of them
nest
49
Amphibian Aquatic
Total
s
animals
12
104
835
cyclostomes 3
Total 110 species of fauna of Kazakhstan included in the Appendices of CITES,
precisely in Appendix I: - 20 species and in Appendix II: - 90 species.
List of
rare and endangered species of animals
(endorsed by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan № 1034, October31,
2006)
Vertebrates
Mammals
40
Invertebrates
Annelids
2
Birds
Reptiles
Amphibians
Total
3
Aquatic
animals
18
57
10
Molluscs
6
Crustaceans
1
Arachnids
2
Insects
85
Total
96
128
Rare and endangered species of animals are included in the Red Book of
Kazakhstan:
Volume 1, Part 1 “Vertebrates”; Volume 1, Part 2 “Invertebrates”.
It is considered that on the territory of Kazakhstan about 50 thousand species of
invertebrates, including not less than 30 thousand species of insects related to 550
kinds and 28 orders inhabit. Alone beetles are not less than 10 thousand. Species.
In 2011, the fourth edition of the Red Book of the Republic of Kazakhstan was
published in the number of 3500 copies (Vertebrates, 2008), a model is developed by
the Committee of Forestry and Hunting of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic
of Kazakhstan with the Institute of Zoology of the Ministry of Education and Science
of the Republic of Kazakhstan.
List
valuable species of animals that are the object of hunting and fishing
(endorsed by the Government of the Republic of Kazakhstan № 625, May 5, 2009)
Mammals
Aquatic animals
Birds
Total
34
50
59
143
Dynamics
of the number of saiga populations for the years 2005-2014 years, thousands of
species
Name of
2005 200 200 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
population
6
7
Betpakdala 9,9
18,6 22,8 32,3 45,2 53,4 78
110,1 155,2 216
Ustyurt
19,6 17,8 16,4 10,4 9,2
4,9
6,1
6,5
5,4
1,7
Ural
10,1 12,9 15,6 18,3 26,6 27,1 17,9 20,9 26,4 39
Total
39,6 49,3 54,8 61,0 81,0 85,5 102
137,5 187
256,7
№
Dynamics
of the number of rare and endangered species of wild ungulates
The number, individuals
2010 2011
2012
2013
1
2
3
4
Tugai deer
Gazelle
Kulan
Argali
418
12150
2477
13246
421
12200
2496
13597
451
12397
2920
13872
465
12888
3222
14525
Hunting, as of January 1, 2014.
Hunting
lands
Reserve fund
(no fixed hunting
lands)
Fixed
hunting
lands
The
number of
hunting
farms, units
The
number of
huntsmen,
the
number of
people
The
number
of
vehicles,
pieces.
223,3
million
hа.100%
103,5 million hа.
47 %
119,8
million
hа.
53 %
698
2482
2286