Tables
Table 1: Process evaluation objectives, indicators and data collection
OBJECTIVE INDICATORS
DATA COLLECTION METHODS
AND ANALYSIS
Objective 1: to describe the intervention in theory and in practice
Research question: What is the intervention? What is the context?
Issues encountered during the intervention piloting phase Document review and observation
notes
Facilitators’ characteristics
18 group discussions with
community members with a
structured topic guide and
analysed using a thematic
approach
Facilitator's recruitment and training
Review of training and
recruitment documents –
analysed for chronology and key
themes arising
Facilitators’ perceptions of the intervention
9 group discussions with
facilitators with a structured topic
guide and analysed using a
thematic approach
Group formation
Analysis of data collected by
facilitators
Group discontinuation
Women's group members’ and attendees characteristics
Group discussions with facilitators
and WG coordinators using a
structured topic guide, analysed
using a thematic approach
Analysis of surveillance data &
DATA SOURCE
Registers
Group discussion notes
Interview notes and training
documents
Group discussion notes
Form recording the place and
date of group formation as well
as the number of original
members
Group discussion notes,
process evaluation manager
visit notes
Surveillance questionnaire,
Regularity and cancellations of meetings
Identification and prioritization of problems
Members responses on identification and prioritization of
problems and strategies
Identification of strategies, barriers and prioritization of
strategies
Community meetings
Attendees’ perceptions on community meeting
Implementing strategies and measuring progress
Members perception of the implementation of strategies
Methods and process for cluster-level community
meetings
data collected by facilitators
Quantification of attendance
through registers and cancellation
forms
Document review – reporting and
quantification of problems
identified and prioritized
Thematic analysis of evaluation
forms completed by facilitators
Document review - reporting and
quantification of strategies
identified and prioritized
Document review to quantify the
numbers of meetings held
Observations to document key
events and issues arising
Review of observation notes to
document key events and issues
arising
Analysis of forms to quantify the
type of strategies implemented,
the number of groups in which
implemented and length of
implementation
Analysis of evaluation forms to list
members’ perceptions of barriers
and facilitators to implementation
of strategies
Document review to quantify the
numbers of meetings held
Observations to document key
events and issues arising
meeting attendance sheets
Facilitators register, cancellation
forms
Facilitators’ register, meeting
reporting forms
Evaluation form
Facilitators register, meeting
reporting forms
Facilitators’ register and PE
manager’s notes
Structured observation notes by
coordinators, district managers
and intervention managers
Registers, reporting forms and
group-wise record book to
measure monthly progress
Evaluation form
Facilitators’ register and PE
manager’s notes
Attendees perceptions on cluster level community
meeting
Observations to document key
events and issues arising
Evaluation of group activities
Analysis of group support forms
Evaluation of the phases of intervention
Analysis of phase wise evaluation
forms
Group members' perception of the intervention and the
3 group discussions with group
implementing organization
members using a topic guide and
analysed using a thematic
approach
Objective 2: to describe the social context in which the intervention was delivered
Research question: In what context is the intervention delivered?
Information on terrain, health service provision, other
Health services mapping, group
NGO activities.
information forms and Group
discussions with facilitators
People, cultural practices and livelihoods
Analysis of surveillance data,
group discussions and notes from
meetings in the women’s group
cycle
Profile of clusters
Analysis of forms and FGD
Objective 3: to describe the impact of the intervention on women's group members
Research question: How and why does the intervention affect group members?
Perception of facilitators regarding behaviour change
3 FGDs with facilitators using a
among group members
topic guide and analysed using a
thematic approach
Perception of group members regarding behaviour
244 group discussions with
change among themselves
members using a topic guide and
analysed using a thematic
approach
Structured observation notes by
coordinators, DMs and
Intervention managers
Group support form
Phase-wise evaluation forms
Group discussion notes
Health services mapping forms,
group discussion notes
Surveillance
tool,
discussion notes
and meeting notes
group
Population census of India
2001, districts record and FGD
notes
Group discussion notes, case
studies
Group discussion notes, case
studies
Objective 4: to describe the impact of the intervention on non-group members
Research question: How and why does the intervention affect group members?
Perception of facilitators regarding behaviour change
3 Group discussions with
among the non-group members
facilitators using a topic guide and
analysed using a thematic
approach
Perception of group members regarding behaviour
244 group discussions with group
change among non-group members
members (1 per group) using a
topic guide and analysed using a
thematic approach
Perception of community members regarding behaviour
3 group discussions with the
change within the community
community members (Key stake
holders, opinion leaders, male
members) using a topic guide and
studies analysed using a thematic
approach.
Group discussion notes, case
studies
Group discussion notes, case
studies
Group discussion notes, quotes
from
community
meeting
attendees.
Table 2 - Access to health services in the intervention and control areas
Community health workers and health facilities
Intervention areas
Control areas
Villages (n)
193
185
Anganwadi (Integrated Child Development Services) 159
Centres
160
Auxiliary Nurse Midwives (ANMs)
63
59
Primary Health Centres
15
16
Community Health Centres
5
6
Sub--district Hospitals
1
1
District Hospitals
3
3
Villages with Sub-centres within 3 KM
130
149
Villages with Primary Health Centres within 10 KM
34
97
Villages with District Hospital within 30 KM
121
133
Table 3 - Meetings in the Ekjut participatory learning and action cycle
Aim
PHASE 1
IDENTIFY AND PRIORITISE PROBLEMS
MEETING 1
Introduce the project and the women’s group cycle
MEETING 2
Explore local practices and beliefs linked to pregnancy, childbirth and motherhood
MEETING 3
Identify maternal problems in the community
MEETING 4
Identify newborn health problems
MEETING 5
Prioritise the maternal and newborn problems the group wants to focus on
PHASE 2
PLAN STRATEGIES
MEETING 6
Discuss causes and solutions to local maternal and newborn health problems
MEETING 7
Identify strategies arising out of the solutions and understand opportunities and barriers before prioritizing them
MEETING 8
Discuss the process of sharing information on problems and strategies with the community
MEETING 9
Prepare a community meeting
PHASE 3
COMMUNITY MEETING
IMPLEMENT STRATEGIES
MEETING 10
Discuss the implementation of strategies
MEETING 11
Review the progress of strategy implementation
MEETING 12
Discuss how maternal problems can be prevented
MEETING 13
Discuss how newborn problems can be prevented
MEETING 14
Discuss what home care solutions for selected problems
MEETING 15
MEETING 17
Discuss facility-based care for selected problems
Identify which problems are emergencies, prepare the group for emergencies and discuss ways of addressing
delays in care-seeking
Identify emergency and non-emergency problems, appropriate responses and referrals
MEETING 18
Learn about the activities of other groups and prepare for a cluster-level community meeting
MEETING 16
PHASE 4
MEETING 19
MEETING 20
CLUSTER-LEVEL COMMUNITY MEETING
ASSESS IMPACT
Review the cluster community meeting, discuss the activities and achievements of the group and evaluate each
phase of the cycle
Discuss possible behavioural changes linked to the intervention that occurred in the wider community