5 Diversity of organisms and classification
Class Practice
5.1 The diversity of organisms
5.2 Classification
1. (a) taxonomy
2. (b) species
(c) common features
(d) interbreed
(e) offsprings
5.3 Kingdom prokaryotae
5.4 Kingdom protoctista
5.5 Kingdom fungi
5.6 Kingdom plantae
A. 1. (a) prokaryotes
(b) nucleus
2.
6.
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
(g)
(h)
(i)
(j)
(k)
7.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
(l) Gymnosperms
fungi
ferns
algae
prokaryotes
mosses
gymnosperms
flowering plants (angiosperms)
3.
4.
5.
B.
saprophytic
parasitic
algae
water
hyphae
spores
mosses
ferns
rhizoids
C.
(a)
(b)
(c)
(d)
(e)
(f)
mosses
ferns
gymnosperms
flowering plants (angiosperms)
dicotyledons
monocotyledons
5.7 Kingdom animalia
1. birds, mammals
2.
3.
4.
amphibians (adult), reptiles, birds, mammals
amphibians (tadpoles), fish
fish, reptile, birds (on the legs)
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
birds
reptiles, birds
mammals
birds
mammals
amphibians
5.8 Identifying organisms with simple keys
(i) A snail
B earthworm
C ant
D spider
E centipede
(ii) Ant, spider and centipede belong to the same group. They have segmented
body and jointed legs. Their bodies are covered with exoskeleton.
5.9 Viruses
1. F
2. F
3. F
4. T
1. Virus and bacterium are two different kinds of things.
2. A virus has no cell wall or cell membrane. It only consists of a protein coat.
3. Virus does not have chromosomes. There is only a coiled string of nucleic
acid inside a virus.
Exam Practice
A. Multiple Choice Questions
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. A
5. B
6.
7.
8.
A
B
C
9. D
10. C
B.
Structured Questions
1. (a) butterfly
tapeworm
tortoise
(b)
2.
(c)
(a)
(b)
frog
They have scales. They have backbones. They have lungs for breathing.
They lay shelled eggs.
(Any three)
Sparrow, human
A - gymnosperms.
F - flowering plants (angiosperms).
Specimens A and F.
The leaves of these two specimens are needle-shaped. Their surface
area is smaller to reduce water loss.
(c) Specimen E is an alga. It lives in water. It does not have roots, stems
and leaves. It contains chlorophyll.
(d) (i) mushroom, (ii) Polytrichum, (iii) waterlily (any other reasonable
answers)
3. (a) (i) Vertebrate B
(ii) Vertebrate E
(iii) Vertebrate C
(iv) Go to 4
(v) Vertebrate D
(vi) Vertebrate A
(b) Vertebrates A and D.
The class is reptiles.
C.
STS Connections
(a) Viruses do not show all the characteristics of a living organism. They can
live and reproduce only when they enter the cells of their host.
(b) Viruses causing influenza would change their protein coat structure
according to humans' immunity. When humans have already developed
immunity against a virus, it will change its structure, making the immunity
developed ineffective.
(c) AIDS, Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), Ebola, smallpox, etc.