CHAPTER EIGHT OUTLINE, “ROMANESQUE AND GOTHIC ART”
DISCOVERING ART HISTORY, BROMER
AT THE COMPLETION OF THIS CHAPTER, YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO:
8
•Understand that the Church gained tremendous power in medieval Europe and initiated artistic endeavors to
demonstrate its powerful role as political, religious and cultural leader of the West.
•Understand how Romanesque Art was designed to evoke powerful responses through its spirited and emotional
style
•Explain how Gothic Art, particularly sacred architecture, communicated the unity between exterior and inner
spaces and, hence, the connection between God and humankind.
8.1
•Understand that the intermingling of cultural traditions as a result of the Crusades, pilgrimages, and the church’s
patronage contributed to the vitality of Romanesque Art and architecture.
•Understand that Romanesque was a nineteenth-century term coined to describe Art from Roman times until the
Gothic period.
•Explain how Romanesque Art expressed the religious fervor of the era.
•Understand that church architecture and its accompanying sculptural decorations were the primary artistic
expressions.
8.2
•Understand that cathedrals become religious, cultural, and social centers of Europe as the population shifted
from the countryside into towns during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries.
•Explain how Gothic Art and architecture encompassed new ideas and technological advances, thereby
representing the unparalleled achievements and power of unified Christendom.
•Understand that unity is the guiding principle behind Gothic architecture, epitomized by the correlation between
interior and exterior spaces and the accompanying sculptural and painting decorations.
ART TIMELINE
1120 – 1132
1120 – 1132
c. 1016 – 1181
1080 – 1120
c. 1162 – 1271
1063
1174
12th century
1130
c. 1073 – 1083
c. 1130
c. 1140
1194
1194
1194
1194
1163 – 1250
1225 – 1299
1248
1220
1284
1495
1305
1309
1333
1423
The Mission of the Apostles, Sainte-Madeleine, Vezelay, France
Sainte-Madeleine, Vezelay, France
Worms Cathedral, Worms, Germany
Saint-Sernin, Toulouse, France
Notre-Dame-la-Grande, Poitiers, France
Cathedral, Pisa, Italy
Campanile, Cathedral, Pisa, Italy
Marksburg Castle, Brauback, Germany
Cathedral of St. Lazare, Autun, France
The Bayeux Tapestry, Bayeux, France
Virgin and Child Enthroned, Master of Pedret, Metropolitan Museum of Art, NY
Chalice of Abbot Suger of Saint-Denis, National Gallery of Art, Washington, DC
Cathedral of Chartres, France
Cathedral of Chartres, (west portal) France
Cathedral of Chartres, (rose window) France
Cathedral of Chartres, (interior) France
Notre Dame Cathedral, Paris, France
Cathedral of Reims, France
Cathedral of Cologne, Germany
Salisbury Cathedral, England
Cathedral of Sienna, Italy
Seated Bishop, Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York, NY
Lamentation, Giotto, Arena Chapel, Padua
Christ Raising Lazarus from the Dead, Kimbell Art Museum, Fort Worth, TX
Annunciation, Simone Martini, Ufizzi Gallery, Florence
The Adoration of the Magi, Gentile da Fabriano, Uffizi Gallery, Florence
VOCABULARY
8.1
tympanum
narthex
mandorla
crossings
lantern
ambulatory
buttresses
choir
abbey
cloister
cathedra
campanile
8.2
flying buttresses
clerestory
rose window
tracery
fan vaulting
cartoon