CHAPTER 10 KEY LEARNING GOALS 10.1 Outline the major events of the three stages of prenatal development. 10.2 Summarize the impact of environmental factors on prenatal development. 10.3 Understand general principles and cultural variations in motor development. . 10.4 Describe Harlow’s and Bowlby’s views on attachment and research on patterns of attachment. 10.5 Trace the development of human language during childhood. 10.6 Describe the basic tenets of Erikson's theory and his stages of childhood personality development. 10.7 Outline Piaget's stages of cognitive development and discuss criticism of Piaget's theory. 10.8 Describe Vygotsky’s sociocultural theory and evaluate the notion that some cognitive abilities may be innate. 10.9 Outline Kohlberg's stages of moral development and discuss criticism of Kohlberg's theory. 10.10 Review the physiological changes of puberty and the ramifications of early versus late maturation. 10.11 Summarize research on neural development in adolescence. 10.12 Discuss some common patterns of identity formation in adolescence. 10.13 Articulate the chief characteristics of emerging adulthood as described by Arnett. 10.14 Discuss the stability of personality in adulthood and outline Erikson's stages of adult development. 10.15 Trace typical transitions in family relations during the adult years. 10.16 Summarize the physical changes associated with aging 10.17 Review information on the onset, symptoms, and causes of Alzheimer’s disease. 10.18 Analyze how intelligence, memory, and mental speed change in later adulthood. 10.19 Identify the five unifying themes highlighted in this chapter. 10.20 Summarize evidence on gender differences in behavior and assess the significance of these differences. 10.21 Explain how biological factors are thought to contribute to gender differences. 10.22 Explain how environmental factors are thought to contribute to gender differences. 10.23 Clarify and critique the argument that fathers are essential for healthy development.