IPP281 rev.
EL FONDO DE INVERSION SOCIAL DE
EMERGENCIA (NUEVO FISE)
NICARAGUA WATER SUPPLY
AND SANITATION PROJECT
PLAN PARA LOS PUEBLOS INDIGENAS Y
COMUNIDADES ETNICAS DE NICARAGUA
(INDIGENOUS AND AFRO-DESCENDANT PEOPLES PLAN (IAPP))
World Bank Operational Policy 4.10
FINAL VERSION
April 10, 2008
Indigenous and Afro-Caribbean Peoples Plan (IPP)
1.
An Indigenous and Afro-Caribbean Peoples Plan (IPP) was formulated by FISE in
consultation with the Regional and Territory Governments of RAAN, RAAS, and the
Pacific, and respective Indigenous organizations. The objective of the IPP is to support
GoN efforts to ensure that Indigenous and Afro-Caribbean Peoples have equal access to
the benefits of the water and sanitation project and to ensure the services offered by the
project are offered and delivered in a culturally appropriate manner. Component 2 is
exclusively dedicated to increasing coverage of water and sanitation in the RAAN and
RAAS regions, and the communities of the Alto Coco River, where the bulk of the
indigenous and Afro-Caribbean peoples live. However, other distinctive activities are
being included in the IPP to ensure adjustments are made to manuals and other FISE
instruments to factor in the participation of beneficiaries (particularly women) and
stakeholders.
2.
The Indigenous Peoples Plan includes:
For Component 1: Coverage Increase of Water and Sanitation in Rural Areas of the
countries except for Atlantic Coast; and Component 2: Coverage Increase of Water
and Sanitation in Rural Areas of RAAN, RAAS, and 60 communities on the Alto
Coco River.
(a) Capitalize on FISE’s previous experience working with indigenous and AfroCaribbean peoples
3.
The current project will seek to capitalize on FISE’s and other agencies’ experience
in the W&S sectors in Nicaragua by carrying out an evaluation of the different
interventions, modalities, service levels, technical options offered, financial policies,
social intervention strategies, and so forth to arrive at an intervention strategy for RAAN
and RAAS that is agreed on with the Regional and Territory Governments. On the basis
of the assessment, the project will improve the cultural adaptation of institutional
processes, procedures, and methodologies to respond to the needs of the different ethnic
groups of the country, considering their geographic location and their socioeconomic and
linguistic constraints. Manuals and other materials will be revised for bilingual use in
indigenous and Afro-descendant areas.
4.
(b) Training and Social Intervention in Indigenous Communities
5.
For the whole project, the social and technical intervention provided through NGOs
to indigenous communities before, during, and after the civil works will preferably be
done by human resources hired locally, in the language of beneficiaries, with userfriendly and culturally adequate materials, and in-situ training (aprender-haciendo).
6.
For Component 2, the strategy recommends the use of two local universities
operating in RAAN and RAAS for training activities in situ: the Regional University of
the Caribbean Coast (URACCAN) in Bilwi, and the Bluefields Indian and Caribbean
University (BICU) in Bluefields. URACCAN has four campuses (Siuna, Bilwi,
Bluefields, Nueva Guinea) and six Extension Programs (Rosita, Bonanza, Waslala,
Waspan, Laguna de Perlas, and Desembocadura de Rio Grande). Their mission is to
strengthen the autonomy of the Atlantic Coast by training human resources in the region
and for the region, by making room for the development of knowledge, skills, and
attitudes in order to preserve natural resources while promoting sustainability and
creating local capacity.
7.
For the communities of the Alto Coco River (Miskito) along Waspan and Jinotega,
the project intervention will include a substantive social and technical intervention to
ensure W&S installations are appropriate to withstand harsh weather conditions.
8.
It will carry out sensitivity training for mayors and Technical Units in
Municipalities of municipalities with larger numbers of indigenous peoples, to review
eligibility and selection criteria of projects originating in indigenous communities, to
avoid neglect due of lower financial contribution capacity.
9.
It will prepare a sensitivity training module for NGOs and contractors to include,
address, and train the indigenous in participating communities.
(c) Inclusion of Indigenous Peoples of the Pacific, Central, and Northern Regions
10. As opposed to previous Bank-financed projects, the current project will take into
account the presence of ethnic groups in the Pacific, Central, and Northern regions of
Nicaragua and ensure the targeting mechanism includes positive discrimination criteria
that will prioritize disadvantaged groups.
(d) Project Promotion and Marketing for Indigenous and Afro-Caribbean
Communities
11. In indigenous and Afro-Caribbean communities, particularly those with low health
indicators associated with waterborne diseases (diarrhea, parasitic and gastrointestinal
infections) and high child mortality rates, the project will use a (bilingual)
communications campaign to induce the demand for secure water and/or “improved”
sanitation facilities and handwashing. The project promotion will ensure that different
technical options are offered to each community (such as latrines and basic sanitary units
with shower and washbasin). Also, the marketing strategies will be tailored to the culture
and cosmovision of the indigenous and Afro-Caribbean communities. The radio spots and
materials to convey concepts and messages regarding water and sanitation use and social
values will be created from the point of view of the local cosmovision, not as a
translation but in a bilingual form, and produced locally.
(e) Targeting Mechanisms at the FISE Level and at the Municipal Level
12. Improve targeting mechanisms of FISE to transfer resources to municipalities with
(a) deficits of W&S, (b) with larger number of indigenous people, and (c) organized
Technical Unit in Municipalities.
13. Likewise, improve targeting mechanisms of municipalities to select subprojects on
the basis of (a) deficits of W&S, (b) larger number of indigenous people, and (c)
organized community and contribution (evaluation table).
For Component 4: Institutional Strengthening and Project Management



Inclusion of the “ethnic group” and “native language” variables in the information
system of FISE, ENACAL, INAA, and so forth in order to record access of
indigenous and Afro-descendant groups to water and sanitation subprojects.
Technical workshops with the Regional and Territory Governments of RAAN and
RAAS on the administrative, technical, and social aspects of the project. Signing
of coordination agreements.
Sign an agreement with the Education Council (Atlantic) and the Ministry of
Education (Pacific) to include hygiene education, handwashing, and waterborne
disease awareness in the school curriculum.
Table A10.4: Nicaragua: Indigenous and Afro-Caribbean Peoples Plan for the Rural Water
and Sanitation Project
Component
1. Coverage
Increase of Water
and Sanitation in
Rural Areas
(Pacific, Central,
North)..
Activities
Modality
Responsible
Budget
US$
Year
(a) Assessment of PGC in
finished projects in Center
and North of Nicaragua
and revision of manuals
and instruments to make
necessary changes.
Consultancy
FISE
15,000
1
15,000
1
12,000
1
10,000
1
(b) Bilingual promotion
communications campaign
addressed to indigenous
before, during, and after
the subprojects (radio,
posters).
(c) Production of manuals
and other materials for
Pacific, Center, and North.
(d) Sensitivity training of
NGOs, mayors, and FISE
teams in indigenous areas
of North, Center, and
Pacific.
Consultancy
FISE
Component
2. Coverage
Increase of Water
and Sanitation in
Rural Areas of
RAAN and
RAAS.
Activities
Responsible
Budget
US$
Year
(a) Component 2. Water
and Sanitation Projects in
RAAN and RAAS, to
respond to demand.
Social-technical
intervention by local
NGOs. Impact Evaluation.
FISE
(Included in
Component
2)
1, 2,
(b) Component 2.
Provision of Water and
Sanitation subprojects for
communities of the Alto
Coco River, along the
municipalities of Waspan
and Jinotega.
Regional
Governments
(Included in
Component
2)
1,2,
FISE, Regional
Governments
30,000
1,3
FISE, Regional
Governments
60,000
1,2,3,
FISE
30,000
(c) Revision of Manuals
and instruments and
necessary adjustments, as
recommended by strategy
for RAAN-RAAS.
Modality
Consultancy
(d) Bilingual promotion
communications campaign
addressed to indigenous
and Afro-descendant
peoples before, during, and
after the subprojects at
12,000/year.
4. Institutional
Strengthening
and Project
Management.
(e) Communications
campaigns through radio
for RAAN and RAAS.
Consultancy
(f) Sensitivity training of
NGOs and mayors in
indigenous areas of RAAN
and RAAS, at 10,000/year.
Consultancy
(g) Social intervention by
NGOs to communities and
municipalities at
25,000/year.
Consultancies
(a) Inclusion of the “ethnic
group” and “native
language” variables in the
information system of
FISE, ENACAL, and
3, 4
3,4
4,5
1,2,3,
4,5
URACCANBICU
40,000
URACCANBICU
100,000
FISE,
ENACAL,
INAA
0
1,2,3,
4
1,2,3,
4
Component
Activities
Modality
Responsible
Budget
US$
Year
(b) Technical workshops
with the Regional and
Territory Governments of
RAAN, RAAS and Alto
Coco on the
administrative, technical,
and social aspects of the
project. Sign agreements.
12 Workshops
FISE, Regional
Governments
60,000
1,2,3,
FISE,
Education
Council
(Ministry of
Education)
20,000
INAA.
(c) Find agreement with
SEAR (Atlantic) and
Ministry of Education
(Pacific) to include in
school curriculum topics
such as hygiene education,
handwashing, waterborne
disease awareness, etc.
(4 RAAN, 4
RAAS, 4 Alto
Coco)
4
1
14.
Implementing and Monitoring the Agreed Plans
The decentralized new FISE offices in Bilwi (RAAN) and Bluefields (RAAS) are
equipped to implement the project including the IPP. FISE has an umbrella agreement
with the Regional Governments of RAAN and RAAS, which will be revised and updated.
The institutional strengthening of the municipalities and the Regional Governments are
included in the IPP and the project.
15. Arrangements for Funding and a Schedule of Implementation of the Plans
Funding for the IPP is included in the project components, as described in Table A10.4,
where the schedule is also included.
16. Mechanisms to Monitor the Implementation of the Agreed Plans
FISE will sign a coordination agreement with the Regional and Territory Governments of
RAAN and RAAS and with indigenous organizations of the Pacific, Center, and North.
For projects in RAAN and RAAS, the above governments will be part of the Program
Commission, which will guarantee pro-poor subproject selection and implementation by
municipalities. For the Alto Coco River intervention, the Regional Government will
assist the Territory Government of Alto Coco in the implementation of the intervention.
17. Arrangements, Including Staffing and Resources, for Supervising the
Implementation of the Agreed Plans
Bank supervision will include supervision of the Indigenous Peoples Plan.
18. Complaints and Grievances
Following Law No. 620 (2007), Chapter XXIII, Art. 108. Sanctions. Complaints and
grievances in the water sector should be submitted to the Regional or Territory
Government, which in turn would address the case to FISE.1
1
Law No. 620, Regulation. Chapter XXIII, Art. 108, in publication by ENACAL (2007). ABC sobre el
Recurso Agua y su Situación en Nicaragua, p. 198.