United States Department of the
Interior
Ge
U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY
US Geological Survey
Biological Resources Division
Forest and Rangeland Ecosystem Science Center
Canyonlands Field Station
2290 S. West Resource Blvd.
Moab, UT 84532
TO:
FROM:
DATE:
Those in possession of the 1st edition, hard-cover copy of Biological Soil Crusts:
Structure, Function, and Management, J. Belnap and O.L. Lange, editors (Berlin:
Springer-Verlag)
Jayne Belnap
Sept. 15, 2002
Following is a list of corrections which will be incorporated into the 2nd edition (paper copy),
available from Springer-Verlag sometime in the fall of 2002:
Chapter 1:
 Page 3, 1st paragraph, last line: correct “mates” to “mats”
 Page 21, 1st full paragraph, 3rd sentence from end: change to read “...which accumulates below
the stones, and the stones protect them from solar radiation.”
Chapter 2:
 Page 31, 1st paragraph, 8th line: 75-740 mm, 4-24C
 Page 32, Table 2.1: Legend: add ref: MacMahon 1987; amend entries as follows:
Sonoran: 75-300 mm
Mojave low: 45-200
Mojave high: 200-610
Chihuahuan: 200-425
 Page 34: line 6: Colorado Plateau summer rainfall = 35-40%;
line 7: Sonoran summer rainfall = 55%
 Page 36, last line: Sonoran summer rainfall = 55%
 Page 38, Mojave desert, 1st paragraph, 6th line, insert “at low elevations”: precipitation at low
elevations is 45-200 mm
 Page 39: Chihuahuan, 1st paragraph, 6th line: 200mm to 425 mm
 Page 40: Colorado Plateau, 1st paragraph, 7th line, replace 35-55%” with 35-40%; 8th line,
insert “plant”: most frequently encountered plant communities; 2ND paragraph, line 7: replace
“5-10%” with “20%”
 Page 41, last paragraph, 4th line: 130-490 mm
 Page 42, 3rd paragraph, 2nd line, insert “acidic”: “in a few acidic soils”
 Page 45, Sand Barrens, 1st line, delete “alkaline”; 5th line should read: “Ohio, algae and
cyanobacteria in acidic soils were found to contain...”
 Page 32 Table, Great Plains: change 490-740 to 250-900
 Page 34, line 8: change 70% to 55%
 Page 44: Great Plains, 1st paragraph, line 10, should be 500-900 "mm", not "cm"
Chapter 15:
 Page 179, bottom paragraph, 2nd sentence: insert “hyper” to read “In hyperarid regions, plant
interspaces...”
 Page 181, Table 15.1: in column headed “Region of Occurrence”, change first entry to read
“Hyperarid habitats without soil freezing, e.g., hyperarid Australia, dunes in the Negev
(partially fixed), or as a successional stage in temperate regions; physical and chemical
encrustations may be involved (Photos 49, 50). In second entry in the same column, change to
read “Arid habitats without soil freezing, e.g., Australia...”
 Page 181, top paragraph, 1st line: change sentence to read “...as a successional phase after
disturbance.”
 Page 184, bottom paragraph, 1st sentence: remove “most” to read “...cyanobacteria are often
the dominant species,”
 Page 185, top paragraph, 3rd sentence: substitute “b” for “inset”
 Page 185, top paragraph, next to last sentence: change as follows “...soil surface (Fig. 15.3c).”
 Page 185, second paragraph, 1st sentence: change as follows “...sheath (Fig. 15.3d,e).
 Page 185, second paragraph, 2nd sentence: change “...clearly seen in Fig. 15.3e.”
Chapter 19:
 Page 243, top paragraph, next to last sentence: change to read “...of the previous 3 days when
air temperatures were between...”
 Page 244: substitute new Fig. 19.1 (see attached copy)
 Page 254, 1st full paragraph, first full sentence: change to read “...and high temperatures, both
of which can limit...”
 Page 255, next to last sentence: change to read “...fluxes were very low.”
 Page 256, bottom paragraph, last sentence: change to read “...volatilization losses from
biological soil crusts, but amounts appear to be very low, and decoupled in time from N
inputs.”
 Page 245, line 11, change "-0.33 kPa" to "-33 kPa" and "-1 kPa" to "-100 kPa"
Chapter 21:
 Page 285, bottom paragraph, third from last complete sentence: change to read “...surface
moisture may influence seed germination...” (delete word “not”)
 Page 286, top paragraph, last sentence: change to read “D. George et al. noted that the type of
soil crust (cyanobacterial vs. lichen crust) influenced study results, as cyanobacterial crusts lost
moisture more quickly than lichen-moss crusts.”
Chapter 25:
 Page 340, 2nd paragraph, middle: change to read “When undisturbed, coarse-textured soils are
inherently more erodible than fine-textured soils...”
 Page 341, Fig. 25.1: on right side of graph figure, add word “Approximate” to label so it reads
“Approximate Naturally Occurring Maximum Wind Speed”
 Page 342, Fig. 25.2, similar to above: add word “Approximate” to label on right side, to read
“Approximate Naturally Occurring Maximum Ground Wind Speed” (make word “maximum”
consistent with use in other tables)
 Page 343, Fig. 25.3, similar to above: add word “Approximate” to label in upper right corner,
so it reads “Approximate Naturally Occurring Maximum Ground Wind Speed”
Chapter 27:
 Page 365, Fig. 27.2 legend: change to read “...disturbance when dry than when wet, while
crusts on clay soils...”
Subject Index: page 481: change "Bbunte" to "bunte".