NAME_________________________________ DATE_______PERIOD_____
Genetics Test Study Guide
Mitosis, Meiosis and Genetics (Chapters 10 & 11, Glencoe text)
1. List 5 differences between Mitosis and Meiosis.
2. Match the trait to its description.
a) Chickens can be white, black, or a black-and-white pattern
Multiple alleles
b) Human hair and skin color
Polygenic inheritance
c) Blood type
Sex-linked traits
d) 75% of an alien population has a round head
Codominance
e) 25% of an alien population has a square head
Recessive trait
f) Hemophilia is a disease caused by a mutation on the X chromosome
Dominant trait
3. If an organism has two identical alleles for a trait, it is _________________________.
4. If an organism has two different alleles for a trait, it is _________________________.
5. What is the difference between a genotype and a phenotype?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________.
6. How many different alleles are represented in this genotype: GgHH ? _____ How many genes? ____
In carnations, red or white flowers are homozygous while pink ones are heterozygous.
7. Set up a cross between a red flower and a white flower.
What are the resulting genotypes?
What are the resulting phenotypes?
____ % AA
_____ % Red
____ % Aa
_____ % Pink
____ % aa
_____ % White
8. Set up a cross between two of the offspring of your first cross.
What are the resulting genotypes? What are the resulting phenotypes?
____ % AA
_____ % Red
____ % Aa
_____ % Pink
____ % aa
_____ % White
9. How many phenotypes for human blood types are there, and what are they?
_____________________________________________________________________________________
10. Show the cross between a mother who is heterozygous for type B blood and a father who is heterozygous for
type A blood.
11. A mother has blood type O and a father is heterozygous for type A blood. What are the odds that they will have
a child with type O blood? ____________
12. A woman gives birth to a daughter in 1985, a son in 1987 and a daughter in 1990. What are the odds that her
next child will be a son? _______________
13. What is the genotype for a female? _____
14. What is the genotype for a male? _____
15. What is the genotype for a male with Kleinfelter’s Syndrome? ____ A female with Turner’s? _____
16. In fruit flies, eye color is a sex linked trait. Red is dominant to white. What are the sexes and eye colors of flies
with the following genotypes:
XRXr
XRXR
_________________
_________________
XRY
XrY
_________________
_________________
17. What are the genotypes of these flies:
white eyed, male ____________
red eyed female (heterozygous) ________
white eyed, female ___________
red eyed, male ___________
18. Show a cross between a pure red eyed female and a white eyed male.
What are the genotypes of the parents:___________& _______________
What percentage are: white eyed, male___
red eyed, male ____
white eyed, female ___
red eyed, female ____
19. Can a male be a carrier for a sex-linked trait? Why or why not? _____________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
20. Why are males more likely to express a sex-linked trait?____________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
Fill in the blank with the correct definition.
codominance
dominance
multiple allelic
recessive
polygenic traits
Punnett square
incomplete dominance
independent assortment
The principle of (21) ______________________ states that some alleles are dominant and some are (22)
____________________ . One allele is not completely dominant over the other in (23) _________________
_______________ . Both alleles contribute to the heterozygous phenotype in (24) ______________________ .
Genes that have more than 2 possible alleles are said to be (25) ______________ ____________ . Traits controlled
by more than 2 genes are called (26) _______________ ________________ . The principle of (27)
__________________ ____________________ states that genes for different traits segregate independently during
the formation of gametes. To predict the probability of inheriting a genetic trait, scientists use a
(28)_______________ _______________.
29. The Johnsons have 2 children, Jack and Jill. Jack has Type A blood. Jill has Type B blood. If both of
Jack’s parents were Type AB, what percent chance would Jack have of passing the dominant
allele A to his children?
A. 0%
B. 25%
C. 50%
D. 100%
30. Which genetic disorder is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern?
A. Huntington’s Disease
B. Sickle cell anemia
C. Down’s syndrome
D. Cystic Fibrosis
31. If two F1 pink flowers were to cross, what would be the phenotypes of the F2 generation?
A. 4 pink
B. 2 red: 2 white
C. 3 red: 1 white
D. 1 red: 2 pink: 1 white
32. A man with type A blood and a woman with type B blood produce a child that has type O blood.
Which of the following accurately shows the parents’ genotypes?
A. IAIA x IBi
B. IAi x IBi
C. IAi x IBIB
D. IAIA x IBIB
33. In a genetics laboratory, two heterozygous tall plants are crossed. If tall is dominant over short,
what are the expected phenotypes results?
A. 25% tall, 75% short
B. 50% tall, 50% short
C. 75% tall, 25% short
D. 100% tall, 0% short
34. In Mendel’s experiments, if the gene for tall (T) plants was incompletely dominant overt eh gene
for short (t) plants, what would be the result of crossing Two Tt plants?
A. ¼ would be tall, ½ would be intermediate height, ¼ would be short
B. ½ would be tall, ¼ would be intermediate height, ¼ would be short
C. ¼ would be tall, ¼ would be intermediate height, ½ would be short
D. ¾ would be tall, ¼ would be short
35. The inheritance of short wings in Drosophila fruit flies is an x-linked, recessive trait. Which would
most likely result if a short-winged female mates with a long-winged male?
A) Half of the males and females will be short-winged, and half will be long-winged.
B) All offspring will be short-winged.
C) All females will be long-winged, and all males will be short-winged.
D) All females will be short-winged, and all males will be long-winged.
Use the pedigree chart to the right to answer questions 36-41 below.
36. What does a circle represent on a pedigree chart?
_____________________
37. What does a square represent on a pedigree chart?
_____________________
38. What is the pattern of inheritance for this trait? (Circle one)
Autosomal dominant , Autosomal recessive , Sex-linked dominant , Sex-linked recessive
39. What is the genotype of individual A? _____
40. What is the genotype of individual B? _____
41. If B had a child with a male of the same genotype as A, what are the odds that their child would be
affected? _____
VOCAB PRACTICE
Match the letter with the correct definition.
_____ 42. joining of male and female reproductive cells
a. genotype
_____ 43. offspring identical to parents
b. probability
_____ 44. offspring different from parents
c. hybrid
_____ 45. sex cells
d. homozygous
_____ 46. likelihood an event will occur
e. fertilization
_____ 47. two identical alleles of a single gene
f. phenotype
_____ 48. two different alleles of a single gene
g. true breeding (pure)
_____ 49. physical characteristics
h. heterozygous
_____ 50. genetic makeup
i. gametes
_____ 51. the study of heredity
j. chromosomes
_____ 52. members of each pair of alleles separate when gametes are formed
k. autosomes
_____ 53. a change in a gene (sequence of DNA) that can cause genetic disorders
l. gene
_____ 54. a family record that shows which members will inherit a specific trait over
several generations
m. multiple alleles
_____ 55. genes that have more than 2 alleles (human blood type)
n.law of segregation
_____ 56. the father of genetics
o. law of independent assortment
_____ 57. the genes for these traits are carried on the x-chromosome
p. sex-linked traits
_____ 58. section of a chromosome that codes for a protein
q. pedigree
_____ 59. many genes control a trait (height, skin color, eye color
r. polygenic
_____ 60. structures made of DNA and proteins that store genetic information
s. mutation
_____ 61. determine characteristics that do not include gender
t. genetics
_____ 62. 2 or more pairs of alleles separate independently of one another during
gamete formation
u. Gregor Mendel
63.Complete the table below representing different forms of inheritance.
Inheritance
Pattern
Complete
Dominance
Alleles
Homozygous dominant: RR
Heterozygous: Rr
Homozygous recessive: rr
Dominant
red
Dominant ________
Recessive
white
_______
Homozygous dominant: ______
Heterozygous: ______
Homozygous recessive: ______
Dominant ________
Blended-Heterozygous:
pink
Recessive ________
_______
Homozygous dominant #1: ______
Heterozygous: ______
Homozygous dominant#2: ______
Phenotype
Multiple Allelic
Inheritance
Polygenic
Phenotype
R,r
Dominance
_____-Dominance
Genotype
_______________
Aa, Bb, Cc
Dominant
___________
Dominant
________
________
white
Genotype
________ __________
________ __________
________ __________
OO
ii
There are too many to
list—why?
_________________
_________________
_________________
Blood Type O
What is key about the
phenotypes of polygenic
traits?
Ex: _________________
If b=red-green colorblindness
Sex-Linked
Female: _____ _____ _____
Male: _____ _____ ______
_____________________
64. Write in examples of each type of inheritance to help you remember the differences for the test
65. Visit the following websites to review.


www.sumanasinc.com/webcontent/animations/content/mistakesmeiosis/mistakesmeiosis.html
learn.genetics.utah.edu/content/chromosomes/diagnose/
-Be able to identify karyotypes for the 3 syndromes we talked about: Kleinfelter’s, Turner’s and Down’s Syndrome
-Be able to explain something about each syndrome.
-Be able to identify if the person is male or female.