AMERICAN UNIVERSITY OF BEIRUT
Department of Social & Behavioral Studies
SOAN 242: Seminar in Globalization and Migration
and
SOAN 318: Seminar in Human Migration
For graduate and undergraduate students
Dr Sari Hanafi
Associate Professor
Fall 2008-2009
Tuesday 4:30-7:00 pm, Jesup 107a
Phone: 01 350000, # 3823; Nicely 201.
Office hours: TTh 3:15-4:30 pm and open door policy
Sh41@aub.edu.lb, http://staff.aub.edu.lb/~websbs/faculty/CVS/Hanafi_cv.htm
Table of Contents
I. INTRODUCTION
2
II. COURSE POLICIES
2
III. ASSESSMENT
2
IV. FORMAT
3
Seminar Presentation
3
Research Essay
3
V. TOPICS AND READINGS
Topic 1 Understanding Globalization
Topic 2 Sociology/Anthropology of Migration
Topic 3 Transnationalism
Topic 4 Statelessness and refugees
Topic 5 Migrant Network Theory
Topic 6 Contract Labour Migration
Topic 7 Citizenship and Migration
Topic 8 Lebanese Diaspora
Topic 9 Camps, Refugees and Nation-States in the Arab East
Topic 10 Politics of Hope and Viability
Topic 11 Migration, Euro-Islam and Multiculturalism
Topic 12 Gender and Migration
Topic 13 Human Trafficking
1
3
3
4
5
6
6
7
8
8
9
9
9
10
11
Topic 14 Commenting in research papers.
11
General References
11
Academic Journals
11
The Internet
12
Reading for Some Topics
13
I. Introduction
This course is an introduction to a range of issues related to theories of migration with
particular emphasis on the peculiarities of contemporary globalisation. Theoretical
considerations include assumptions and case studies from sociology, economics,
political economy, and anthropology. Concepts such as network theory,
transnationalism, and the international division of labor are used to illuminate issues
such as citizenship and identity, refugees, forced migration, nationalism, and ethnicity
as they relate to the migratory experience.
By completion of the course, students should know the basic assumptions and
arguments behind the concept of globalisation and contemporary theories of migration
that emanate from sociology, economics and anthropology.
II. Course Policies
1- You are strongly encouraged to participate in the discussion periods during classes
and indeed beyond the classroom. It will make the classes more interesting and
vibrant.
2- You should have a sense of responsibility. Class attendance is required and
assessed. Coming late is not permitted without a proper justification. If you are
absent, you should send a three–page summary of the reading before the next class.
3- You should read the required materials each week. Otherwise, you should send me
by email a three–page summary of the reading before the following class. This also
applies if you are miss the class.
4- It is strictly prohibited to use or to show mobile phones during the class.
5- Academic integrity
The heart of the teaching profession is integrity. Any violation of academic integrity
will NOT be tolerated and will result in serious repercussions. Please refer to AUB
policies and procedures on academic integrity.
http://pnp.aub.lb/university/handbook/158010044.html
III. Assessment
1.
Class attendance and class participation (25%)
2.
Class seminar presentation and seminar paper on one of the themes assigned
(30%) (Due one week after the presentation)
3.
Research Essay (45%) (Due on December 20)
2
IV. Format
The course will be held in the form of a seminar, including lectures and class
discussions.
Seminar Presentation
Each student is required to give an oral presentation on a chosen topic. The
presentation should be no more than 15 minutes. Presenting the reading does NOT
mean summarizing these readings, rather it entails raising questions, counterarguments and connections to other theoretical issues, or comparisons with other
places and times. The presentation should provide a basis for class discussions.
Students will submit a copy of the questions and issues they prepared to their peers
and to the instructor 24 hours before the presentation.
Students are encouraged to bring newspaper clippings, internet or magazine
articles on relevant current affairs. In this way, a logbook of materials can be
accumulated throughout the course.
A seminar paper of 3000-4000 words, to be submitted within one week of the
presentation, must follow normal standards of an essay with proper referencing,
introduction, discussion and conclusion. You can take one or two points of your topic
and develop it based on your readings. Papers are to be submitted exclusively through
Moodle.
Research Essay
This year’s research essay topic will be related to forced displacement in the
Arab World. After assigning the topic, students will send me one or two paragraphs as
to how they will approach the topic that will have to be approved by me.
Students will be expected to explore the topic in an original fashion, applying
concepts they learn in the seminar. The research may be conducted from written
primary and secondary source materials and supplemented by original research which
may include interviews and observation fieldwork,taking care to follow professional
standards of social science methodologies.
The 3000-4000 word essay must be presented in a FORMAL standard format
with proper referencing, introduction, discussion and conclusion. Papers are to be
submitted exclusively through Moodle.
Additional Reading for Weekly Seminar
I have provided a number of aditional references below for each weekly topic,
particularly where the readings are available in the Jafet library. You should access at
least one of the readings each week. Where a whole book is listed, you should read at
least the introduction and one of the chapters that you feel is most relevant to the topic
or to your own interests.
V. Topics and Readings
Topic 1
Understanding Globalization
Discussion Topic: Globalization is not a new phenomenon, but it is a term used to
describe a more recent set of phenomena. What are these recent developments and
how can we understand them in a critical way?
3
Essential Reading:
Holton, R. (1998) “Understanding Globalization: History and Representation in the
Emergence of the World as a Single Place” in Globalization and the Nation State,
Macmillan Press, pp. 21-49.
Pries, L. (2001). The approach of transnational social spaces. Responding to new
configurations of the social and the spatial. In L. Pries, New transnational social
spaces : international migration and transnational companies in the early twenty-first
century (pp. 1-33). London: Routledge.
Further Reading:
Castles, S. & Miller, M. (1998) “The Next Waves: The Globalisation of
International Migration” in The Age of Migration, Macmillan, London, Chapter 5, pp.
104-140.
Stalker, P. (2000) Workers Without Frontiers: The Impact of Globalisation on
International Migration, International Labour Organisation, Geneva.
Amin, S. (2003) Obsolescent capitalism: contemporary politics and global disorder
Zed Books, London.
LaFeber, W. (1999) Michael Jordan and the New Global Capitalism, Norton, New
York.
Bauman, Z. (1998) Globalization: The Human Consequences, Polity Press, Oxford.
Robertson, R. (1992) Globalization: Social Theory and Global Culture, Sage,
London.
Scholte, A. (2000) Globalization: A Critical Introduction, Palgrave, New York.
Albrow, M. & King, E. (1990) Globalization, Knowledge and Society, Sage,
London.
Waters, M. (1995) Globalization, Routledge & Kegan Paul, London
Topic 2
Sociology/Anthropology of Migration
Essential Reading:
Hanafi, Sari (2004) ‘Rethinking the Palestinian abroad as diaspora. The Relationships
between the Diaspora and the Palestinian Territories’, in André Levy and Alex
Weingrod (ed.) Diasporas and Holy Lands and Other Places. Standford University
Press.
Castles and Miller, (2003) “The Migratory Process and the Formation of Ethnic
Minorities” in The Age of Migration, Macmillan, pp.21-49.
Cassarino, J. P. “Approaching Borders and Frontiers: Nations and Implications”.
Florence: European University Institute (CARIM). 11 p.
Further Reading:
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Baubock, R. & Rundell, J. (eds)(1998) Blurred Boundaries: Migration, Ethnicity,
Citizenship, Ashgate, Aldershot.
Massey, D. & Espana, F.G. (1987) “The Social Process of International Migration”
in Science, Vol. 237: pp. 733-738.
Topic 3
Transnationalism
Discussion Topic: Analyse the: a) usefullness and b) limitations of these concepts,
using examples from Lebanon or the Middle East generally. Where does
transnationalism fit into the assimilation/segmented assimilation debate? Do you think
that transnationalism is “new”? Why or why not? What are the theoretical
implications of accepting a transnational view of immigration?
Essential Reading:
Brettell, Caroline (2000) “Theorizing migration in Anthropology”. In C. Brettell & J.
Hollifield, (Ed.) Migration Theory: Talking Across Disciplines, Routledge, Chapter 5,
pp. 97-136
Schiller, N., Basch, L. & Blanc, C. (1992) “Towards a Definition of Transnationalism.
Introductory Remarks and Research Questions” in Towards a Transnational
Perspective on Migration, Annals of the New York Academy of the Sciences, pp.1-6.
Schiller, N., Basch, L. & Blanc, C. (1992) “Transnationalism: A New Analytic
Framework for Understanding Migration” in Towards a Transnational Perspective on
Migration, Annals of the New York Academy of the Sciences, pp.1-24.
Portes, Alejandro (1997) “Globalization from Below: The Rise of Transnational
Communities”. Working paper of Princeton University. WPTC-98-01, September.
Further Readings:
Appadurai, A. (1991) “Gobal Ethnoscapes: Notes and Queries for a Transnational
Anthropology” in R. Fox (ed) Recapturing Anthropology, School of American
Research Press, Santa Fe.
Sassen, S. (1998) “The De Facto Transnationalizing of Immigration Policy” in
Globalization and Its Discontents, The New Press, New York, pp. 5-30.
Gold, S. (1997) “Transnationalism and Vocabularies of Motive in International
Migration: The Case of Israelis in the United States, in Sociological Perspectives,
Vol. 40, No. 3: pp. 409-423.
King, A. (ed)(1997) Culture, Globalization and the World System, University of
Minnesota Press.
Meillassoux, C. (1981) Maidens, Meals and Money, Cambridge University Press.
O’Neill, C. (1999) “Possibilities for Migration Anthropology”, in American
Ethnologist, Vol. 26, No. 1: pp. 221-225.
Rouse, R. (1991) “Mexican Migration and the Social Space of Post-Modernism,” in
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Diaspora, Vol. 1, No. 1: pp. 8-23.
Topic 4
Statelessness and refugees
Essential Reading
Arendt, Hannah. ‘We refugees’ in Mark Anderson (ed). Hitler’s exiles. Personal
Stories of the Flight from Nazi Germany to America. NY: New Press, 1998.
Gloose Warner, Daniel (1999) “The refugee state and state protection” Frances
Nicholson and Patrick Twomey (Eds.) Refugee Rights and Realities: Evolving
International Concepts and Regimes. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, pp. 253268.
Hanafi, Sari (2006) "Palestinian return migration. Lessons from the International
Refugee Regime" in Michael Dumper (Ed.) Palestinian Refugee Repatriation. Global
Perspective. Routledge. Pp. 273-287
Giorgio Agamben. “We Refugees” in
http://www.egs.edu/faculty/agamben/agamben-we-refugees.html
Bernstein, Richard. ‘Statelessness and the right to have rights.’ Hannah Arendt and
the Jewish Question. Cambridge: Polity Press, 1996.
Daly, Frances “The non-citizen and the concept of 'human rights'” borderlandsejournal. Volum 3 no 1, 2004
Further Reading:
Mares, P. (2001) Borderline: Australia’s Treatment of Refugees and Asylum Seekers,
University of New South Wales Press, Introduction and Chapters 1, 7 & 8: pp. 1-34;
162-202.
Humphrey, M. (1998) “The Refugees” in Islam, Multiculturalism and
Transnationalism: From the Lebanese Diaspora, Centre for Lebanese Studies,
Oxford, pp. 19-59.
Martin, S. (1992) Refugee Women, Zed Books, London
Knox, K. & Kushner, T. (1999) Refugees in an Age of Genocide, Frank Cass, London
Haines, D. (1996) Refugees in America in the 1990s, Greenwood Press.
Topic 5
Migrant Network Theory
Essential Reading:
K. S. Cook; J. M. Whitmeyer (1992) “Two Approaches to Social Structure: Exchange
Theory and Network Analysis”, Annual Review of Sociology, Vol. 18. (1992), pp.
109-127.
Hanafi, S. (2005). Reshaping geography: Palestinian community networks in Europe
and the new media. Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies , v31 (3), p581(18).
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Hanafi, Sari (2005) “The Sociology of Return: Palestinian Social Capital, Transitional
Kinships and the Refugee Repatriation Process” in S. Hanafi E. Benvenisti and C.
Gans (eds.) Israel and the Palestinian Refugees. USA: Springer, pp. 3-40.
Further Reading:
Massey, D., Alarcon, R., Durand, J. & Gonzalez, H. (1987) “ Migration as a Social
Process” and “The Social Organization of Migration” in Return to Aztlan: the Social
Process of International Migration from Western Mexico, University of California
Press, pp. 3-7; 139-171.
Gurak, D. & Fe, C. (1992) “Networks Shaping Migration Systems” in M. Kritz, L.
Lean Lim, & H. Zlotnik (eds) International Migration Systems: a Global Approach,
Clarendon Press, Oxford.
Massey, D. (1990) “The Social and Economic Origins of Migration” in Annals of the
American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 510: pp. 60-72.
Massey, D. & Espana, F.G. (1987) “The Social Process of International Migration”
in Science, Vol. 237: pp. 733-738.
Taylor, E. (1986) “Differential Migration, Networks, Information and Risk”, in O.
Stark, (ed) Research in Human Capital and Development, Vol. 4, Migration, Human
Capital and Development, JAI Press, Greenwich, pp.147-171.
Topic 6
Contract Labour Migration
Essential Reading:
Castles, S. and Miller, M. (2003) “Migrants and Minorities in the Labour Force”
Chapter 8 in The Age of Migration, Macmillan.
Massey, Joaquin Arango, Graeme Hugo, Ali Kouaouci, Adela Pellegrino (2005)
Worlds in Motion Understanding International Migration at the End of the
Millennium Douglas S. pp. 135- 159
Bales, K. (1999) Disposable People: New Slavery in the Global Economy, University
of California Press.
Further Reading:
Cassarino, Jean-Pierre (2008) Patterns of Circular Migration in Euro-Mediterranean
Area : Implication for Policy-Making. CARIM Analytic and Synthetic Notes 2008/29.
Florence: European University Institute, http://www.eui.eu/RSCAS/etexts/CARIM_AS&N_2008_29.pdf, 13 p.
Jureidini, R. (2005) “Middle East Guestworkers” in Matthew Gibney and Randall
Hansen (eds) Global Migration in the 20th Century: An Encyclopedia (Oxford: ABCCLIO).
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Jones, S. (2000) Making Money off Migrants: the Indonesian Exodus to Malaysia,
Centre for Asia Pacific Social Transformation Studies, University of Wollongong,
Australia.
Anderson, B. (2000) Doing the Dirty Work: the Global Politics of Domestic Labour,
Zed Books, London.
Chang, G. (2000) Disposable Domestics: Immigrant Workers in the Global Economy,
South End Press, Cambridge.
Sassen, S. (1999) Guests and Aliens, The New Press, New York.
Stark, O. (1991) The Migration of Labor, Blackwell, Cambridge.
Taylor, J. Edward (1999) “The New Economics of Labour Migration and the Role of
Remittances in the Migration Process” in International Migration, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp.
63-86.
Topic 7
Citizenship and Migration
Would one believe that traditional citizenship is being eclipsed by a new postnational
model of belonging?
Do you think citizenship and membership increasingly derive from global processes
rather than national policies and ideologies?
Along which paths do you think membership and belonging will go in the century -national, transnational or global (postnational)? Why do you think this?
Essential Reading:
Castles, S. & Davidson, A. (2000) Citizenship and Migration Basingstoke and
Macmillan. Pp. 1-53.
Hage, G. (2002) “Citizenship and Honourability: Belonging to Australia Today” in G.
Hage (ed) Arab Australians Today: Citizenship and Belonging, Melbourne University
Press, pp. 1-15.
Further Reading:
Turner, B. and P. Hamilton (1998) Citizenship, Routledge, London
Stevenson, N. (2001) Culture and Citizenship, Sage, London
Vandenberg, A. (2000) Citizenship and Democracy in a Global Era, St Martin’s
Press, New York
Butenschon, N. (2000) Citizenship and the State in the Middle East, Syracuse
University Press.
Delanty, G. (2000) Citizenship in a Global Age, Open University Press.
Topic 8
Lebanese Diaspora
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Essential Reading:
Tabar, Paul (Ed.) (2005) Lebanese diaspora : history, racism and belonging. Beirut:
LAU Press. Pp. 1-31; 251-275.
Hag, Ghassan (2008) “Migration, food, memory and home-building”. Idafat: Arab
Journal of Sociology. Issue 2, Winter 2008.
Labaki Boutros (2008) “Roles of Lebanese Emigrants in Their Country of Origin”.
Idafat: Arab Journal of Sociology. Issue 2, Beirut: Arab Association of Sociology and
Center of Arab Unity Studies.
Further Reading:
Tabar Paul (Ed.) (2005) Lebanese diaspora : history, racism and belonging. Beirut:
LAU Press
Topic 9
Refugee Camps and Nation-States in the Arab East
Essential Reading
Hanafi, Sari (forthcoming) “Flexible Citizenship and the Inflexible Nation-State.
Assessing the Palestinian Refugees Movements”. J. Husseini & Aud Signole (Eds.)
Palestinian Diaspora. Paris: Karthala.
Hanafi, Sari (forthcoming) “Palestinian Refugee Camps in Lebanon. Laboratory of
Indocile Identity Formation”. Muhammad Ali Khalidi (Ed.) “Citizenships and
Identities: Palestinian Refugees in Lebanon” Washigton: Institute of Palestine
Studies.
Hanafi, Sari and Åge A. Tiltnes (2008) "The Employability of Palestinian
Professionals in Lebanon: Constraints and Transgression". Knowledge, Work &
Society. Paris: Karthala.
Topic 10
Politics of Hope and Viability
Essential Reading
Hage, G. (2000) “Evil White Nationalists” in White Nation: Fantasies of White
Supremecy in a Multicultural Society, Pluto Press, pp.27-77.
Hage, (2003) Against Paranoid Nationalism, Pluto Press, Sydney, pp. 1-46.
Further Reading:
Hage, (2003) Against Paranoid Nationalism, Pluto Press, Sydney.
Hage, G. (2000) “Evil White Nationalists” in White Nation: Fantasies of White
Supremecy in a Multicultural Society, Pluto Press.
Topic 11
Migration, Euro-Islam and Multiculturalism
Essential Reading
9
Pieterse Jan Nederveen (2006) “Global Multicuturalism, Flexible Acculturation”.
Paper presented at the International Sociological Association Congress, Durban in
2006.
Hanafi, Sari (Forthcoming) “Cultural Difference or Cultural Hegemony?
Contextualizing the Danish Cartoon Controversy within Migration Spaces”. Middle
East Journal of Culture and Communication. London: Roudledge.
Further Reading:
Pieterse, Jan Nederveen (2007) Ethnicities and Global Multiculture: Pants for an
Octopus. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers.
Topic 12
Gender and Migration
Essential Reading:
Jureidini, R. (2006) “Sexuality and the Servant: An exploration of Arab images of the
sexuality of domestic maids in the household” in S. Khalaf and J. Gagnon (eds)
Sexuality in the Arab World, Saqi Books, London.
Boyd, Monica (2006) “Women in International Migration: The Context of Exit and
Entry for Empowerment and Exploitation” paper submitted in the Fiftieth session of
UN, Commission on the Status of Women, High-level panel on The Gender
Dimensions of International Migration. New York, 27 February – 10 March. Pp. 113.
Further Reading:
Bhabha, . et.al., (eds) (1995) Worlds Apart: Women Under Immigration and
Nationality Law, Pluto Press, London.
Grieco, E. & Boyd, M. (1998) Women and Migration: Incorporating Gender into
International Migration Theory, Working Paper, Center for the Study of Population,
Florida State University.
Naciri, R. and Nusair, I. (2003) The Integration of Women’s Rights into the EuroMediterranean Partnership, Euro-Mediterranean Human Rights Network,
Copenhagen.
Burawoy, M. (1976) “The Functions and Reproduction of Migrant Labor:
Comparative Material from South Africa and the United States” American Journal of
Sociology, Vol. 81, No 5: pp. 1050-1087.
Kochan, T., Locke, R. & Piore, M. (1995) Employment Relations in a Changing
World Economy, MIT Press, Cambridge MA.
Meillassoux, C. (1981) Maidens, Meals and Money, Cambridge University Press.
Piore, M. (1979) Birds of Passage: Migrant Labour in Industrial Societies,
Cambridge University Press.
(George, 2005 , pp. 19-38)
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Topic 13
Human Trafficking
Essential Reading:
Office of Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR) (1999) Trafficking in
Human Beings: Implications for the OSCE, Background Paper for the Organization
for Security and Cooperation in Europe Review Conference, September, 1999.
Further Reading:
Middle East Research and Information Project (MERIP)(1999) “Trafficking and
Transiting: New Perspectives on Labor Migration” Special Issue, No. 211, Vol. 29,
No. 2., Summer, 1999.
Ould, D. (1999) “Cross Border Trafficking and New Forms of Slavery” Speech by the
Deputy Director of Anti-Slavery at the international conference - New Frontiers of
Crime: Trafficking in Human Beings and New Forms of Slavery, organized by the
United Nations International Crime and Justice Research Institute (UNICRI), Verona,
Italy, October 1999.
Richard, Amy (1999) International Trafficking in Women to the United States: A
Contemporary Manifestation of Slavery and Organized Crime, Intelligence
Monograph, DCI Exceptional Intelligence Analyst Program.
Wijers, M. and Lap-Chew, L. (1997) Trafficking in Women, Forced Labour and
Slavery-like Practices in Marriage, Domestic Labour and Prostitution, Foundation
Against Trafficking in Women, Utrecht.
Topic 14
Commenting in research papers
General References
King, R. (1996) “Migration in a World Historical Perspective” in J. van den Broeck
(ed) The Economics of Labour Migration, Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 7-75.
Castles, S. & Miller, M. (1998) The Age of Migration, Macmillan, London.
Cohen, R. (ed)(1995) The Cambridge Survey of World Migration, Cambridge
University Press.
Davis, K. (1974) “The Migrations of Human Populations”, Scientific American, Vol.
231, No. 3: pp. 93-105
Segal, A. (1993) An Atlas of International Migration, Hans Zell, London.
Academic Journals
Journal of ethnic and migration studies. - UK.
Ethnic and racial studies. - UK.
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International migration review. - USA.
International migration : migrants entering or leaving the United Kingdom a. - UK.
Race and class. - UK.
Urban studies. - UK.
European urban and regional studies. - UK
International journal of urban and regional research. - UK.
International journal of population geography. - UK.
Journal of Common Market studies. - UK.
West European politics. - UK.
The Internet
The following website will give you access to hundreds of information sources.
Virtual Library on Migration and Ethnic Relations: http://www.ercomer.org/wwwvl/
Metropolis - Site international / International Site
Transnational Communities Programme
ERCOMER - The European Research Centre on Migration and Ethnic Relations,
Home Page
CEMES - Centre for European Migration and Ethnic Studies
IMES - Institute of Migration and Ethnic Studies
Migration research centre. University of Bremen
http://www.migration.uni-bremen.de
Migration Research Unit Homepage
Migration dialogue. UC-Davis. California
http://www.migration.ucdavis.edu
Global cities NGO network
http://www.global-cities.org
VADA - Your Portal to the Multicultural World
Project - Multicultural Policies and Modes of Citizenship in European Cities
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Index page of the Migration Policy Group
Sussex Centre for Migration Research
Reading for Some Topics
On Slave Migrations:
Curtin, P. (1970) The Atlantic Slave Trade: A Census, University of Wisconsin Press.
Eltis, D. (2000) The rise of African slavery in the Americas, Cambridge University
Press.
Genovese, E. (1971) In Red and Black, London;Allen Lane.
On Migrations of Indenture:
Tinker, H. (1974) A New System of Slavery: The Export of Indian Labour Overseas,
1830-1920, Oxford University Press.
Northrup, D. (1995) Indentured Labor in the Age of Imperialism, 1834-1922,
Cambridge University Press.
On European Migrations in 18th and 19th centuries:
Baines, D. (1991) Emigration from Europe:1815-1930, Macmillan, London.
Handlin, O. (1951) The Uprooted, Little Brown, Boston.
*Brah, A (1995) Cartographies of Diaspora, Routledge, London.
*Cohen, R. (1997) Global Diasporas: An Introduction, UCL Press, London.
*Castles, S. & Davidson, A. (2000) Citizenship and Migration Basingstoke and
Macmillan.
*Massey, D. (1990) “The Social and Economic Origins of Migration” in Annals of the
American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 510: pp. 60-72.
*Taylor, E. (1986) “Differential Migration, Networks, Information and Risk”, in O.
Stark, (ed) Research in Human Capital and Development, Vol. 4, Migration, Human
Capital and Development, JAI Press, Greenwich, pp.147-171.
*Forbel, F., Heinrichs, J. & Kreye, O. (1977) “The Tendency Towards a New
International Division of Labor” in Review, Vol. 1, No. 1: pp. 73-88.
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*Wallerstein, I. (1987) “World-Systems Analysis” in A. Giddens & J. Turner (eds)
Social Theory Today, Polity Press, pp. 309-324.
+Sassen-Koob, S. (1983) “Labour Migration and the New Industrial Division of
Labor” in J. Nash and M. Fernandez-Kelly (eds) Women, Men and the International
Division of Labor, State University of New York Press, pp. 175-204.
*Cohen, R. (1987) “The ‘New’ International Division of Labour: plus ca change” in
The New Helots: Migrants in the International Division of Labor, Grower, Aldershot,
pp. 220-253.
On World Systems Theory:
Portes,A. & Walton, J. (1981) Labor, Class and the International System,
Cambridge University Press.
Sassen, S. (1988) The Mobility of Labor and Capital: A Study in International
Investment and Labor Flow, Cambridge University Press.
Sassen, S. (1991) The Global City: New York, Tokyo, London, Princeton University
Press.
Sassen, S. (1999) Guests and Aliens, The New Press, NY.
Smith, J. & Wallerstein, I. (1992) Creating and Transforming Households,
Cambridge University Press.
Wallerstein, I. (1989) The Modern World Systems, Academic Press, NY.
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