Phylum Arthropoda- “jointed appendaged animals”
The arthropods are a group of animals who have a hardened exoskeleton of chitin with
pliable areas at joints which provide for motion. The coelom serves as a hemocoel. The
presence of a non-living exoskeleton requires that they molt (shed their exoskeleton) to
grow. Segmented and tagmatized.
Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Arachnida – “spiders, ticks, mites, scorpions and daddy long legs”
Two tagma (tagma-a group of more or less fused segments) a prosoma and opisthosoma.
Six pairs of appendages-pedipalps, chelicerae and four pairs of walking legs. Most are
terrestrial. Observe preserved specimens of spiders, ticks and scorpions. Do the external
anatomy of a spider.
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Subphylum Crusteceae or Biramia
Class Crustaceae- “shrimp, lobsters, krill barnacles, copepods, water fleas
and crawdads. Exoskeleton impregnated with CaCO3, two pairs of antennae,
appendages biramous, mandibulate mouthpart, tagma-cephalothorax and abdomen.
Marine, terrestrial and freshwater. Observe specimens of crabs, shrimp and barnacles.
Dissect a crayfish for both external and internal anatomy.
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Subphylum Uniramia
Class Insecta-“insects”. One pair of antennae, three tagma-head, thorax and
abdomen, uniramous appendages, three pairs of walking legs, respiration via trachea.
Observe preserved specimens of insects. Do the external anatomy of a grasshopper.
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Class Chilopoda-“centipedes”. First appendages modified as poisonous fangs, flattened
body, carnivores, mandibles, tagma-head, trunk, one pair of legs per segment. Observe
preserved centipedes and look at the prepared slide of a centipede to see the poison fangs
and the trachea.
Class Dipolopoda- “millipedes”- Round bodies, slow herbivores or omnivores, tagmasame as chilopoda, often repugnatorial glands, two pairs of legs per diplosegment
(apparent segment). Observe preserved millipede.
Phylum
Chordata
Dorsal hollow nerve cord
Post anal tail
Pharyngeal gill slits
Noto cord, vetebral column
Class
Mammalian
Mammary glands
Mandible (lower jaw one bone0
Epidermal hair
Warm blooded (homeotherms)
Order
Primates
Arboreal
Flat nails
Molded fingers
Excellent vision
Family
Hominidae
Upright posture
Small flat faces
Binocular color vision
Genus
Species
Homo
sapien
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