1. (a) Award ONE mark for: 1 talc. (b) Award ONE mark for a response indicating that granite was the only rock not to be scratched by the objects: 1 none of the objects were able to scratch granite, but some could scratch the other rocks; all the other rocks were scratched by at least one object; fewer objects/tools could scratch granite than the others. Allow: an absolute response that does not describe whether the other rocks were scratched: no object could scratch granite; it could not be scratched. Do not give credit for an insufficient response that does not interpret the table: it only has crosses, where the other rocks have at least one tick. (c) Award ONE mark for all the rocks written in the correct place: talc (d) marble granite Award ONE mark for: (e) sandstone 1 1 It was difficult to scratch each rock with the same force. Award ONE mark for identifying that granite feels rough and is not permeable: 1 granite is rough/not smooth; and granite is not permeable/water cannot pass through granite. Do not give credit for a response that includes incorrect science: water can pass through granite. Do not give credit for an insufficient response describing the results of the scratch test: granite is hard to scratch. [5] 2. (a) Award ONE mark for: 1m permeable (b) Award ONE mark for both: 1m sandstone; and limestone. (c) Award ONE mark for: 1m 1 granite. (d) Award ONE mark for a response that includes an appropriate interpretation of the table, indicating that the hardest rock made a mark on all of the other rocks and/or could not be scratched by any of the rocks: 1m the granite scratched the slate, the sandstone and the limestone; the granite was the only rock that scratched all of the other rocks; the other rocks could not scratch the granite. Allow: it scratched all the others; it scratched more rocks than the others; none of the others could scratch it. Do not give credit for an insufficient answer that does not refer to the table: I know that granite is a hard rock. Do not give credit for an insufficient response: it said ‘no’ three times on the table; it has three ‘yes’ on the table. 3. (a) Award ONE mark for both correct: 1 True The change is non-reversible. ............. False The bubbles evaporate. ............. (b) (c) Award ONE mark for all three materials correctly classified: Material Solid, liquid or gas? inside the bubble gas vinegar liquid chalk rock solid Award ONE mark for: 1 1 limestone; pumice. Allow: chalk. [3] 4. (a) Award ONE mark for: 1 (b) Award ONE mark for: all clay 1 D mostly clay, some sand A mostly sand, some clay B 2 all sand C (c) Award ONE mark for a bar (or bar line) drawn for small stones which is more than 250cm3 and less than or equal to 300cm3 1 (d) Award ONE mark for: 1 the long roots (they) take in/absorb/obtain water/moisture/dampness. Allow: they anchor it/keep it in place. Do not give credit for: drink/suck (water); produce water. [4] 5. (a) Award ONE mark for: 1 sea lettuce. (b) Award ONE mark for an unambiguous indication of: permeable strong impermeable 1 rough absorbent [2] 6. (a) Award ONE mark for correctly identifying one rock which cannot be scratched with a knife: 1 granite. (b) Award ONE mark for correctly identifying all four rocks according to permeability: permeable sandstone 1 not permeable granite slate marble Do not give credit for: some of the rocks correctly classified [all rocks need to be correctly classified to gain credit]. (c) Award ONE mark for correctly identifying how the rocks in group A are different from the rocks in group B: 1 they cannot be split into flat pieces. Allow: slate can be split into flat pieces. Do not give credit for: they are all rocks [given]; by looking at the table. [3] 3