Plug size Figure 1: Female plug area after one mating. Plug size does not differ comparing females from the different treatments and replicates. Plug size area mean and quartiles. The different shades of grey represent the different replicate lines (A, B, C, D) of the two sex ratio treatments and the starting population (PA, PG; SP8). Figure 2: Plug area produced by males after one mating. Plug size does not differ comparing males from the different treatments and replicates. Plug size area mean and quartiles. The different shades of grey represent the different replicate lines (A, B, C, D) of the two sex ratio treatments and the starting population (PA, PG; SP8). Sperm size Figure 3: Sperm cell volume of males. Males from different treatments and replicates do not differ in sperm cell volume. Male sperm cell volume mean and quartiles. The different shades of grey represent the different replicate lines (A, B, C, D) of the two sex ratio treatments and the starting population (PA, PG; SP8). Lifetime Reproductive Success I Figure 4: Lifetime production of offspring calculated per female. Females and males were kept in a 5:5 sex ratio and offspring was counted over lifetime. Overall, polyandrous females produced more offspring than either polygynous females or females from the SP8. Mean and quartiles of offspring number. The different shades of grey represent the different replicate lines (A, B, C, D) of the two sex ratio treatments and the starting population (PA, PG; SP8). Figure 5: Lifetime production of offspring calculated per female. Females and males were kept in a 5:5 sex ratio and offspring was counted over lifetime. Males do not differ in offspring produced neither between treatments nor replicates. Mean and quartiles of offspring number. The different shades of grey represent the different replicate lines (A, B, C, D) of the two sex ratio treatments and the starting population (PA, PG; SP8). Lifetime Reproductive Success II Figure 6: Lifetime production of offspring calculated per female. Females and males were kept in a 5:1 and 1:5 sex ratio resembling original treatment conditions. Offspring was counted for the first three days after mating. Overall, polyandrous females produced more offspring than polygynous females, but females from the SP8 produced more offspring than either PA or PG. Mean and quartiles of offspring number. The different shades of grey represent the different replicate lines (A, B, C, D) of the two sex ratio treatments and the starting population (PA, PG; SP8). Figure 7: Lifetime production of offspring calculated per female. Females and males were kept in a 5:1 and 1:5 sex ratio resembling original treatment conditions. Offspring was counted for the first three days after mating. Males do not differ in offspring produced neither between treatments nor replicates. Mean and quartiles of offspring number. The different shades of grey represent the different replicate lines (A, B, C, D) of the two sex ratio treatments and the starting population (PA, PG; SP8).