CHM 210 LIBRARY ASSIGNMENT
Due: Mon., May 7, 2001
Each student is expected to go to the North Central College Library and find two (2) titrimetric methods
for the element listed by their name. ALSO find at least one titrimetric method for both of the elements
Np and Tc (do you know any of the authors?). Suggested sources -- textbooks, books on titrations and
as a last resort, the journal entitled Analytical Chemistry. I have put the best sources on reserve and
you may also find something in the stacks. This is not to be so involved an assignment that you will
need to search Chemical Abstracts or to pay to use Dialog.
This assignment should take you about one hour. If you get stumped, you should check with Dr.
Sherren. I realize that if all of you decide to work on it from 8 to 10 A.M. on May 7th there will be a line,
and more time will be required. Total assignment counts as 6 problems.
For each titrimetric method listed, include the reference (include the journal [name, author, vol. of
journal, page and year] in addition to the textbook or treatise page, name, and author). You need to
include the secondary source and also the primary source (or a statement that no primary source was
available) for each reference. Also include the titrant, indicator, and any special conditions and
interferences (ions or elements).
Assignment
Outline of Lecture - Literature of Analytical Chemistry
DeSimone - Zn
Faber - Cd
Gayda - Se
Lim - Sr
Lopata - V
SajaK - Th
Salman - Hg
Seaver - Mo
Setork - Al
Valera - Pb
I. Primary Sources - New, Random
a. Periodicals
b. Gov't. bulletins
c. Patents
d. Dissertations
e. Manufacturers technical reports and pamphlets
II. Secondary Sources - Organized
a. Bibliographies
b. Reference works
c. Dictionaries
d. Encyclopedias
e. Treatises
f. Textbooks
g. Monographs
h. Abstracts
I Reviews
III. Tertiary Sources - About Chemists and What They Do
a. Library guides
b. Trade catalogs
c. Directories
d. Biographies
e. Histories
IV. The Actual Search of the Literature
a. Define the problem and set the limits (scope) of the search.
b. Search a secondary source - Abstract Journal, either manually or by
computer aid; or text treatise.
c. Go to the primary sources (following the guidance of the secondary source).
d. Prepare the report of the search.
NOTE: the difference between Hard Copy and Microfiche; Web and referred journal
4/26/01
HANDOUT ON THE LITERATURE OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
Analytical chemistry can properly be considered as the oldest field in the science of chemistry. It
has continued to be a significant and active field, not only in application but also in research and
development. A tremendous amount of literature already exists in analytical chemistry, and more is
being added at a rapid rate. For example, a survey revealed that over 15,000 articles were published
during one recent year in journals and other periodicals dealing directly with research and development
in analytical chemistry. The topics included virtually all conceivable aspects of the subject, including
methods of sampling, separation, measurement and calculation and interpretation of data.
Analytical Chemistry is not a static subject: new procedures and principles are constantly being
developed by researchers. The original source of most new information is research papers and review
articles published in chemical journals. Shortly after publication, brief abstracts of original papers are
published in Chemical Abstracts (published by the American Chemical Society) and in certain foreign
abstract journals such as the British journal Analytical Abstracts. Finally, new information becomes
incorporated in various books, including general and specialized textbooks on different phases of
analytical chemistry, treatises and extensive collections of analytical procedures, and collections of
official analytical methods published by various technical societies.
Numerous journals are devoted to analytical chemistry; these are primary sources of information
in the field. Some of the best known titles are listed in this handout. Every student of chemistry should
become familiar with some of the periodicals in which new information is reported and summarized. The
following three publications in particular, should be consulted by every student of quantitative chemical
analysis:
1. The journal Analytical Chemistry is published biweekly by the American Chemical Society.
Each issue contains reports of new research on the principles and the practice of analytical
chemistry. A series of review articles is issued every April.
2. The Journal of Chemical Education, published monthly by the Division of Chemical
Education of the American Chemical Society, frequently contains articles related to the subject
matter of analytical chemistry. Topics discussed in the monthly feature sections, as well as in
regularly contributed articles, include gravimetric and volumetric procedures and optical and
electrical methods of analysis.
3. Chemical Abstracts, a weekly publication of the American Chemical Society, consists of short
abstract of virtually all chemical articles, patents, and books published throughout the world.
Subject and author indexes are issued regularly. The convenient method for searching
Chemical Abstracts is by using on-line searching techniques.
Among the other important periodicals devoted specifically to the field of analytical chemistry are
Talanta, Analytic Chimica Acta, The Analyst, Zeitschrift fur Analytische Chemie (German), Chimie
Analytique (French), and Journal of Analytical Chemistry (Russian, but available in English
Translation). Other well-known periodicals devoted to analytical chemistry include: American
Laboratory, Analysis, Analytical Biochemistry, Analytical Instrumentation, Applied
Spectroscopy, Bunseki Kagaku (Japan Analyst) Clinical Chemistry, Journal of the Association of
Official Analytical Chemists, Journal of Chromatographic Science, Journal of Chromatography,
Journal of Electroanalytical Chemistry and Interfacial Electrochemistry, Microchemical Journal,
Microkimica Acta, Separation Science, Spectrochimica Acta.
Abstract Journals are a special type of journal. This type of journal only has abstracts of the
original articles.
Reviews (articles and journals) appear either as a regular feature of certain journals or in
journals reserved for only review articles. Analytical Chemistry has an issue called the annual reviews.
In even-numbered years, Fundamental Reviews is published with references to virtually all significant
research published during the two-year period in over 39 different areas of analytical chemistry. In the
odd-numbered years, the reviews of new work are published in Applications. These included fields such
as air pollution, clinical chemistry, fuels, metallurgy, pharmaceutical, and water analysis. Critical
Reviews in Analytical Chemistry publishes quarterly in-depth reviews on various phases of analytical
chemistry.
Many textbooks and reference books deal with one or more areas of analytical chemistry.
Examples of several types of these references are listed below by type.
TREATISES. As used here, the term treatise means a comprehensive presentation of one or
more broad areas of analytical chemistry.
1.
N. H. Furman and F. J. Welcher, Eds., Standard Methods of Chemical Analysis, 6th ed. New
York: Van Nostrand, 1962-66. In five parts; largely devoted to specific applications. This book
has served as a source of reliable analytical information for general use in the chemical
laboratory.
2.
I. M. Kolthoff and P. J. Elving, Eds., Treatise on Analytical Chemistry, New York: Wiley, 1959-86.
Part I (12 Volumes) is devoted to theory; Part II (17 volumes) deals with analytical methods for
the elements; art II (4 volumes) treads industrial analytical chemistry. early volumes of the
second edition of Part I of this monumental work began to appear in 1978. This multivolume
series provides a through, comprehensive coverage of virtually all phases of analytical chemistry,
including theory and practice, analytical chemistry of the elements, and analysis of industrial
products.
3.
G. Svehla, C. L. Wilson, and D. W. Wilson, Ed. Comprehensive Analytical Chemistry, New York:
Elsevier, 1959 - . Over 20 volumes of this work have appeared. This is another multivolume
series covering many phases of the theory and practice of analytical chemistry.
4.
L. Meites, ed. Handbook of Analytical Chemistry, New York: McGraw Hill, 1963. This one volume
compendium provides analytical chemists with concise summaries of fundamental data and
practical procedures.
5.
A. Weissberger, Ed., Techniques of Chemistry, Volume I, Physical Methods of Chemistry, 4th
Ed. New York: John Wiley, 1971- . This work consists of a large number of individually bound
books dealing with various instruments employed for chemical measurements.
6.
C. N. Reilley and others, ed. Advances in Analytical Chemistry and Instrumentation, New York:
John Wiley, Vol I in 1960 and other subsequently. Early volumes in this series contain a
selection of reviews by outstanding authorities in various fields of analytical chemistry. Since
1968 each volume has been devoted to a different single field of analytical chemistry, with
several experts contributing chapters in their own fields of expertise.
OFFICIAL METHODS OF ANALYSIS. These publications are often single volumes that provide
a useful source of analytical methods for the determination of specific substances in articles of
commerce. The methods have been developed by various scientific societies and serves as standard in
arbitration as well as in the courts.
1.
Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater, 18th ed. New York: American
Public Health Association. 1992 (new editions appear about every 3 years.)
2.
Official Methods of Analysis, 16th ed. Washington, DC.: Association of Official Analytical
Chemists, 1996. This is a very useful source of methods for the analysis of such materials as
drugs, food, pesticides, agricultural material, cosmetics, vitamins, and nutrients. It is revised
every five years.
3.
ASTM Book of Standards, American Society for Testing Materials. This 48 volume work is
revised annually and contains methods for both physical testing and chemical analysis. Volume
3.06, Chemical Analysis of Metals and Metal Bearing Ores, is one of the useful volumes for the
chemist.
MONOGRAPHS. There are hundreds of monographs devoted to limited areas of analytical
chemistry that are available. In general, these are authored by experts and are excellent sources of
information. There are monographs in the areas of gravimetric and titrimetric analysis (Fritz, Acid-Base
Titrations in Nonaqueous Solvents; Wagner and Hull, Inorganic Titrimetric Analysis); organic analysis,
spectrometric methods, electroanalytical methods, and analytical separations.
TEXTBOOKS. There are also many textbooks in the area of analytical chemistry. Day and
Underwood's text and Skoog's texts are examples of elementary quantitative analysis texts. There are
also advanced quantitative analysis textbooks, instrumental analysis textbooks and textbooks on special
topics in analytical chemistry.
WWW. The World Wide Web is presenting information on Chemistry. Some of the information is
good. Other parts must be evaluated. Some sites are very good information and others are simply
"altars" to a specific item. Each day more and more Electronic Journals are appearing. These are still
under-going the test of Scientific Evaluation. One Journal "The Chemical Educator" has been on the
Web for about a year.
A professional analytical chemist intending to keep abreast of the rapid advances in his/her field
must develop the habit of regular reading the literature. I can only urge students to adopt a similar
attitude as well as recognizing the virtue of consulting several books and articles on any one subject in
order to reach a balanced point of view.
From Science 9/20/91, Vol 253, No. 5026, p 1333:
"The proliferation of journals and their increased costs led serious worldwide
information problems for scientists. For researchers living in the United States an
information glut arose that has been alleviated in part by the use of computers in sifting
information from electronic databases. On-line searches have been supplemented by
compact disc-read only memory (CD-ROM), which can store the equivalent to hundreds
of books on a single disc."
"A completely different situation prevails in many other countries, particularly those
of the sub-Sahara region of Africa, where information poverty exists. For a decade or
more, many of the university libraries of the region have found it difficult or impossible to
obtain funds necessary to pay for scientific journals."
ATS-4/26/01