Y10 Science 17/02/2016
GENETICS & REPRODUCTION
4 weeks
Living World Achievement Objectives:
Life processes
 Identify the key structural features and functions involved in the life processes of plants and animals.
Evolution
 Describe the basic processes by which genetic information is passed from one generation to the next.
Focusing questions:
 What are the functions of our reproductive organs?
 What role do hormones play in reproduction?
 How do cells divide?
 Why can two brown eyed or right handed parents produce a child with blue eyes or left handed?
 How do humans use knowledge of genetics to grow food?
 How did all the different breeds of dog come about?
Key competencies focus:
All key competencies are incorporated into this unit of work, however, in this unit there is particular emphasis on:
 Using language, symbols, and texts.
 Relating to others.
Assessment Focus:
 Nature of Science: Communicating – Domestication case study (formative)
 Written test
Literacy Focus:
Key words/terms: puberty, sperm, egg, penis, testes, epididymus, prostate gland, scrotum, urethra, labia, vagina, uterus, ovary, fallopian tube(oviduct),
cervix, testosterone, oestrogen(estrogen), progesterone, menstrual cycle, fertilization, ovulation, gamete, zygote, cell, nucleus, gene, allele, chromosome,
dominant, recessive, homozygous, heterozygous, characteristic (trait), inherited, Punnet square, discrete(either/or) variation, continuous variation, sex
chromosomes, selective breeding, sire, dam
Note: NOS = Nature of Science 2 textbook, KISS = Kiwi Integrated Science text, LW = Living World (Relph), WB = student workbook
Learning Experiences
Resources
Nature of science focus
1. REPRODUCTION
NOS p102-103
WB Ex 17.01 p41 17.02 p42
 For ensuring the survival of the species.
OHT in folder
Communicating
 Puberty – changes and differences between male and female,
Cut & paste sex organs sheet and label parts.
testosterone and estrogen effects.
Organ/ function matching sheet.
 List male & female changes.
Brainpops animations: Puberty, Reproductive
 Organs – male & female. Label cut & paste diagrams using p115
system
as a resource. Describe the function of each part.
Y10 Science 17/02/2016
Learning Experiences
2. EVERYDAY MIRACLE
 Can show this DVD first or at the end of the reproduction section.
Resources
DVD208 “Human Body” Episode “Everyday
miracle’
3. MENSTRUAL CYCLE
 Describe the role of hormones in the menstrual cycle.
 Describe the sequence of events from ovulation through to
fertilisation.
 Complete worksheet
4. FERTILIZATION

Define gamete and zygote

Copulation – explain that internal fertilization needed in all
terrestrial animals. Water/sugar/salt solution as medium for
sperm. Compare with fish spawning in rivers, sea etc

Fertilization in fallopian tube– explain how sperm swim to egg
and the route they take.

Embryo – result of several cell divisions.

Implantation in uterus
NOS p104-103
WB Ex 17.03 p43
Brainpops animations: Period
Nature of science focus
Communicating
NOS p104-105
KISS Bk2, p114
DVD206 Inside the human body
Episode 1
Brainpops animations: Fertilisation
OHT (shows gametes, fertilization, zygote)
Communicating
NOS p106-107
Brainbops animation: DNA & Growth and
genetics.
Mitosis cut and paste diagram.
Communicating
NOS p108-109
WB Ex 17.05 p44
OHT’s of fertilisation through to childbirth in
folder.
Worksheets in folder.
Brainpops animations: Babies
Communicating

Explain how male (sperm) and female (egg) provide one copy of
each chromosome at fertilization.
5. MITOSIS
 Describe growth of zygote through to embryo resulting from
mitosis (cell division).
 Discuss the need for DNA to make a copy of itself before a cell
divides so that the 2 daughter cells have the same number of
chromosomes as the parent cell.
 Construct diagram of stages of mitosis.
6. FOETUS & PLACENTA

Role of placenta & umbilical cord as life support system.

Stages in development of foetus.

Birth.

Complete worksheets.
7. DISCRETE (EITHER/OR) VARIATION
 Carry out a class survey and construct tally charts for either/or
variation e.g eye colour, dominant hand, tongue rolling, ear-lobe
attachment, thumb.
 Genes for these characteristics are on the chromosomes.
 Question: Why can two brown eyed or right handed parents
Investigating
Y10 Science 17/02/2016
Learning Experiences
produce a child with blue eyes or left handed?
8. PUNNETT SQUARES
 Discuss how blue/left characteristic can be carried by both parents
but doesn’t show.
 Draw Punnett squares to predict both genotype and phenotype of
offspring.
 Define genotype, phenotype, homozygous and heterozygous.
 Discuss dominant vs recessive alleles w.r.t eye colour,
handedness etc.
 Discuss how there are 2 versions of each gene – alleles. e.g blue &
brown allele for eye colour.
9. CHROMOSOMES AND SEX DETERMINATION
 State the sex chromosome makeup of males and females.
 Show why 50% ratio of males and females using Punnet square.
 Research sex linked genes or carry out Sex linkage exercise in
Living World text to create pedigree chart.
10. CHROMOSOME DISORDERS

Research various chromosome disorders such as Down’s,
Turner’s and Kleinefelter’s syndromes.
11. DOMESTICATION & SELECTIVE BREEDING
 Discuss the history of selective breeding of both plants & animals
in human history, e.g dog breeds, cattle, sheep, pigs, cereals,
fruits.
 Define selective breeding and discuss characteristics that
farmers/breeders may select for a variety of species.
12. LIVESTOCK IMPROVEMENT
 Selecting animals or plants for breeding.
 Techniques such as artificial insemination.
13. CASE STUDY
 Choose an animal or plant and produce a poster on history of
domestication, the breeds/cultivars around now, use of the
different breeds.
14. POST TEST and UNIT TEST
Resources
Nature of science focus
NOS p110-113
Punnet squares:
http://www2.edc.org/weblabs/punnett/punnettsqu
ares.html
Communicating
Investigating
LW p66-67 X and Y
Genetics worksheets in folder
Communicating
Investigating
Computer room
Participating & contributing
Cut & paste sheep and wheat pictures. Label
characteristics that have been selected for
improvement.
Understanding
Bull breeding activity using:
http://www.lic.co.nz/lic_Home.cfm
Participating & contributing
Assessment sheet in folder.
Communicating
Tests in folder