Supplementary Information Biocompatible fluorescent supramolecular nanofibrous hydrogel for longterm cell tracking and tumor imaging applications Huaimin Wang1*, Duo Mao1*, Youzhi Wang1, Kai Wang1, Xiaoyong Yi2, Deling Kong1, Zhimou Yang1, Qian Liu2 & Dan Ding1 1 State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials, Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China, 2Department of Urology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, 24 Fukang Road, Tianjin 300192, P. R. China. Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to D.D. (dingd@nankai.edu.cn) or Q.L. (simonlq@163.com) or K.W. (wkcs424@163.com). * These authors contributed equally to this work. Supplementary Figure S1 1H NMR spectrum of Rhodamine-GFFYE-CS-EE. mV(x1,000) CH1 (220nm) CH2 (254nm) 1.00 0.75 0.50 0.25 0.00 0.0 2.5 5.0 7.5 min Inten.(x10,000) 828.10 2.5 2.0 1.5 78.30 1.0 1656.70 178.25 0.5 1987.40 370.25 955.95 1104.90 613.05 1397.05 1586.65 1755.20 0.0 250 500 750 1000 1250 1500 1750 Supplementary Figure S2 LC-MS spectrum of Rhodamine-GFFYE-CS-EE. m/z Supplementary Figure S3 HPLC spectra of Rhodamine-GFFYE-CS-EE after treatment with GSH for (A) 1 h, (B) 2 h, (C) 3 h and (D) 17 h. Normalized intensity (a.u.) 1.0 Absorption Emission 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 300 400 500 600 700 800 Wavelength (nm) Supplementary Figure S4 UV-vis absorption and photoluminescence spectra of the nanofibers in water. Excitation at 553 nm. B A 25 μm C 25 μm D 25 μm 25 μm Supplementary Figure S5 CLSM images of the HepG2 cancer cells after incubation with (A) the nanofiber and (C) precursor for 2 h. (B) and (D) are the corresponding Normalized intensity (a.u.) fluorescence/transmission overlay images of (A) and (C), respectively. Precursor Nanofiber 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0.0 560 580 600 620 640 660 Wavelength (nm) Supplementary Figure S6 Photoluminescence spectra of the precursor and nanofiber in water. Excitation at 553 nm. Supplementary Figure S7 CLSM image of the unlabeled HeLa cancer cells. 140 Precursor Nanofiber Cell Viability (%) 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 12 24 48 Time (h) Supplementary Figure S8 Metabolic viability of HeLa cells after incubation with the precursor and nanofiber at the Rhodamine B concentration of 100 μM for 12, 24 and 48 h.