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Supplementary Information
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Microbial biomass
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Samples of 0-2 cm depth were sonicated and cell numbers were determined after 4’,6-
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diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI)-staining (1 µg/ml). Counts were performed until 1,000
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cells were reached for statistical significance (Pernthaler et al, 2003). Most probable number
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(MPN) determinations were performed in three dilution series with ten-fold dilutions with
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artificial sea-water medium (Widdel and Bak, 1992), containing casamino acids, glucose,
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ribose (each 2 g/l), pyruvate, propionate, fumarate (each 1.2 g/l) and yeast extract (Difco, 0.4
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g/l). All tubes were incubated for the first 4 weeks at 4°C and afterwards at 12°C. The number
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of culturable cells/ml was calculated based on visible cell pellets with standard probability
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tables (American Public Health Association, 1969).
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Supplementary References
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Pernthaler J, Pernthaler A, Amann R (2003) Automated enumeration of groups of marine
picoplankton after fluorescence in situ hybridization. Appl Environ Microbiol 69: 2631-2637.
Widdel, F, Bak, F (1992) Gram-negative mesophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria. In: Balows A,
Trüper HG, Dworkin M, Harder W, Schleifer KH (Ed.) The Prokaryotes 2nd ed., Springer
Verlag, New York, pp 3352-3378.
American Public Health Association (1996). Standard methods for the examination of water
and waste water including bottom sediments and sludge. American Public Health
Association, Washington DC, pp.604-609.
Figure S1: Rarefaction analyses of the relative bacterial richness of different communities
compared at a distance of 0.02.
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