Chapter 10: Erosion and Deposition
I. Erosion – the process by which weathered rock and soil particles are
moved from one place to another
A. gravity – pulls rocks and soil down slopes
(ex: landslides, mudflows)
B. wind – moves loose sediments or causes abrasion
1. affects deserts, plowed fields, and beaches the most
2. can create sand dunes
C. running water – causes the most erosion on Earth
(ex: rivers, streams, rainwater runoff)
D. glaciers – erode by abrasion or by carrying sediments with them as
they move
E. waves – constantly erode and shape the shoreline
1. can create sea cliffs, caves, beaches, and sand bars.
II. Deposition – the process by which sediments are “deposited” in new
locations
A. builds new landforms
Gravity: pulls rocks and soil down slopes
Wind: the most active agent of erosion in deserts, plowed fields and
beaches
Factors of erosion:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Be able to explain the following terms and
concepts:
6-2: Gravity: pulls rocks and soil down slopes
Mass
wasting:_________________________________
_____________________________________
A.Landslides:__________________________
_____________________________________
B.Mudslides:___________________________
_______________________________________
C.Mudflows;___________________________
_____________________________________
D.Slump:______________________________
_______________________________________
E.Earthflows;__________________________
_______________________________________
F.Soilcreep:___________________________
______________________________________
What particular seaside community has a big
problem with landslide?-hint: somewhere in
California
Be able to explain the following terms and concepts.
6-3: Wind: the most active agent of erosion in deserts,
plowed fields and beaches
A.Deflation:_______________________________
_________________
B.Abrasion:________________________________
_________________
Factors of erosion:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Oasis:____________________________________
Dunes:______________________________________
How are they built up and
changed?____________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Be able to discuss the following information
6-4: Running water: is the major cause of erosion
Types of running water:
1.
2.
3.
Delta: end of Mississippi River-very large!!!
Factors of water runoff:
1.
2.
3.
River systems: network of different types of water
channels
Drainage system:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Tributaries:___________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
Any current river flooding occurring in the United States?
Be able to discuss the following terms:
6-5: Glaciers: a large mass of moving ice and snow
How and where do they
form?_______________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
____________________________________________
How are glaciers powerful erosion agents?
Types of glaciers:
1.
2.
What happens at the ‘lower’ end of a glacier?
What is currently happening to glaciers world-wide?
Why?
Be able to present and discuss the following:
6-6: Waves: the powerful force of waves constantly
erodes and shapes the shoreline.
Ways waves erode:
1.
2.
3.
Rates of erosion:
Forms created by wave action: (find pictures in books)
Deposits by waves:
1. Beaches:
2. Sand bars and spits:
How is a shoreline shaped?-Discuss storm problems.