Let 2/Unit 5 - Geography, Map Skills, and Environmental Awareness
1 Give three examples of man-made objects frequently found on maps.
Roads, Railroads, Towers, etc.
Bridges,
2 A map that shows relief and the position of natural and man-made features is a Topographic
map.
3 What is a map?
A line drawing of a portion of the earth’s surface, as seen from above.
4 What is meant by the phrase “to scale,” as in a map being drawn “to scale”?
each set measurement on the scale representing a set amount of the earth’s surface.
5 What are the three most common types of maps?
geographic maps or atlases; and topographic maps
With
City or state road maps;
6 Name three pieces of information commonly found on city maps. Street names, important
buildings, route numbers, Distance, recreational areas, historical areas
7 Geographic maps show an overall view of the mapped area in relation to climate, population,
relief, and/or vegetation.
8 What is an atlas?
or the world.
A collection of geographic maps of regions, countries, continents,
9 Atlases are generally the most accurate of maps.
False
10 What type of map is generally the most accurate?
Topographic
11 Topographic maps show terrain and land forms in a way which can be measured.
12 Define “terrain.”
land.
A region or tract of land; the character (or topography) of a tract of
13 How is elevation normally indicated on a topographic map?
14 What type of map is most commonly used in the military?
By vertical contour lines
Hand drawn
15 Topographic maps show the horizontal positions and elevations of terrain and landforms.
True
16 Instructions on a map are also known as Marginal information.
17 Where on a map is marginal information located? On the outer edge of the map.
18 Maps are standardized; therefore, the marginal information for one map will help you read
all maps.
False
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Let 2/Unit 5 - Geography, Map Skills, and Environmental Awareness
19 How are maps named? They are named after the most prominent cultural or geographic
feature in the area.
20 Inserts on sheet maps that examine small sections of the map in more detail are found
Around the margin or on the reverse side of the map sheet.
21 What is “relief” on a map?
The shape the land formations on the earth’s surface.
22 Special rulers used to measure ground distance on a map are called Bar scales.
23 What are the most common units of measurement on bar scales?
kilometers
Miles and
24 What is a printing note on a map?
A note that indicates the agency responsible
for printing the map, as well as the date the map information was obtained.
25 The printing date on a map indicates the date on which the information on the map was
Obtained.
26 A Legend is a mapmaker’s shorthand method of illustrating and identifying mapped features
using symbols to show prominent features.
27 How are roads indicated on a map?
their thickness and color.
Parallel or solid lines that indicate road size by
28 Legends illustrate full, partial, and no access to major interchanges.
29 How are railroads symbolized on a map?
tick marks.
True
Single or parallel lines with horizontal
30 How are airports generally symbolized on a map? By a picture of an airplane.
31 Pace count is consistent from one individual to another.
32 How are water features symbolized on a map?
the feature.
False
In blue and in the approximate shape of
33 How are route markers generally symbolized on a map?
containing the number of the road in its center.
By a shield or shape
34 East-west routes that are principle routes on maps are identified with Even numbers.
35 North-South routes or principle routes on maps are identified with Odd numbers.
36 How many digits are in loop or belt routes that circle or bypass major cities?
Three
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Let 2/Unit 5 - Geography, Map Skills, and Environmental Awareness
37 How are spur routes that lead into major cities identified in map symbols?
Red,
white and blue signs with three-digit numbers with the first number always being odd (for
example I-580).
38 Green signs marking routes from principle, loop, or belt highways that go to or through
cities are called Business routes.
39 What is a boundary symbol on a map?
A broken or intermittent line of varying
pattern to denote different boundaries such as found between counties, states, or time zones.
40 How is mileage between major cities symbolized on state or regional maps?
ink with red directional arrows centered between the two cities.
In red
41 What chart on a map shows the actual ground mileage between major cities located on the
map?
Official Highway Mileage chart
42 What does the color black represent on a map?
buildings or roads.
Man-made features such as
43 What does the color blue represent on a map?
and rivers
Water features such as lakes, swamps,
44 What does the color brown represent on a map?
mountain ranges
Elevation and relief features such as
45 What does the color green represent on a map?
brush, orchards, or vineyards
Vegetation such as woods, grassland,
46 What does the color red represent on a map?
populated areas, main roads, or special features
Man-made features such as
47 Ground stations is the high-tech worldwide radio navigation system formed from a network
of 24 satellites and their Global Positioning System (GPS)
48 The purpose of orienteering is to locate Control points by using a map and compass to
navigate the terrain.
49 A trapezoid-shaped marker (usually orange or red and white) used to mark features on an
orienteering course is called a Control point.
50 In Route orienteering, a master walks a route while beginners trace the actual route walked
on their maps.
51 Name the six types of orienteering courses.
and night
Route, line, cross-country, score, relay
52 The type of terrain and vegetation has little impact on pace in orienteering events.
3
False
Let 2/Unit 5 - Geography, Map Skills, and Environmental Awareness
53 Good orienteering courses contain elevation obstacles.
True
54 What is the formula for converting height into comparable flat distance to decide the fastest
rate for managing elevation obstacles?
25 feet of elevation equals 100 meters on a flat surface.
55 The number of times the left foot strikes the ground is the Pace count used to measure
distance.
56 Name three ways to locate your position on a map.
azimuth, or resection.
Using terrain features, a back
57 The movement technique that involves establishing a compass bearing between your
location and the destination is called a Direct line.
58 A movement technique that uses a prominent object or terrain feature on the ground that
you can see and is in the general direction of travel is called using Steering marks.
59 The movement technique of selecting a prominent terrain feature and reorienting after you
reach this feature is called using Attack points.
60 Which map is easier to read and shows greater detail, a 1:50,000 scale map or a 1:25,000
scale map?
1:25,000
61 Name three types of compasses.
compass, or liquid-filled compass
Military lensatic compass, induction dampened
62 In orienteering, how do organizers score the cross-country or free event?
competitor’s time alone.
63 What is a safety lane in orienteering?
go if they are injured, fatigued, or lost.
By the
A designated location where competitors may
64 A designated location where competitors may go if they are injured, fatigued, or lost during
orienteering is a Safety lane.
65 When and where did the sport of orienteering begin?
In Scandinavia in the 1800s
66 The Sahara, the world’s largest desert, is located in Africa.
67 On what continent is the Nile located?
Africa
68 The most accurate type of map is the Topographic.
69 Terrain is a region or tract of land, or the character of a tract of land.
70 Elevation on the ground is usually indicated by vertical contour lines on a topographic map.
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Let 2/Unit 5 - Geography, Map Skills, and Environmental Awareness
71 Topographic maps show the horizontal positions and elevations of terrain and landforms.
72 Information located along the outer edges of a map is called Marginal information.
73 Relief is the shape of land formations on the earth’s surface.
74 A Bar scale is a special ruler used to measure ground distance on a map.
75 The most common units of measurement on bar scales are Miles and kilometers.
76 What is a legend on a map?
A mapmaker’s shorthand method of illustrating and
identifying mapped features using symbols to show prominent features.
77 The longest latitude line or parallel that marks 0 degrees latitude is also known as The
equator.
78 Imaginary horizontal lines on the globe are latitude lines, also called Parallels.
79 The line of longitude designated as 0 degrees longitude from which longitude east and west
is measured is The Prime Meridian.
80 A Map is a line drawing of a portion of the earth’s surface as seen from above.
81 Parallel or solid lines that vary in thickness and color mark Roads on a map.
82 Single or parallel lines with horizontal tick marks symbolize Railroads on a map.
83 Blue areas of varying shape symbolize Water features on a map.
84 A shield or other shape with numbers in the center symbolizes Route markers on a map.
85 A principle route with a number of I-70 runs what direction?
East-West
86 A principle route with a number of I-35 runs what direction?
North-South
87 What can you assume about a principle route with a number of I-435?
loop or beltway or bypass around a major city and that it runs North-South.
That it is a
88 The color Black on a map represents man-made features such as buildings or roads.
89 The color Blue on a map represents water features such as lakes, swamps, and rivers.
90 The color Brown on a map represents elevation and relief features such as mountain
ranges.
91 The color Green on a map represents vegetation such as woods, grasslands, orchards or
brush.
92 A principle road route with a number of I-71 runs North/South direction.
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Let 2/Unit 5 - Geography, Map Skills, and Environmental Awareness
93 What does GPS stand for in land navigation?
Global Positioning System
94 How does a GPS work?
It is a radio navigation system that uses a network of
24 satellites and their ground stations to determine precise coordinates on the ground.
95 What does a control point in orienteering look like?
usually orange or red and white, used to mark a feature.
A trapezoid-shaped marker,
96 The steeper the terrain or the denser the vegetation on a terrain, the Greater or higher the
pace count.
97 The average pace count for a tall person on a road or path is 47 strikes of the left foot per
100 meters.
98 What is a pace count?
The number of paces required to walk 100 meters as
counted each time the left foot strikes the ground.
99 What is an average pace count for a small person moving through a dense forest?
55 strikes of the left foot per 100 meters.
100 Pace count will vary from individual to individual.
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True