Atherosclerosis, the most prevalent form of arterial disease in humans, is first
manifested by an innocuous fatty streaking of the intima and is characterized by:
Formation of essential lesions in the intima
Disintegration of the internal elastic lamina in advanced lesions
Relatively numerous lesions in larger arteries and fewer in smaller arteries
Plaque formations that cause little reduction in the luminal size of large
arteries
All above statements are correct
Pathogenetically, a hyperactue transplant rejection most resembles...
cytolytic immune response
Arthus immune response
simple, thermally-mediated acute inflammation
anaphylactic immune response
cellular immune response
The Bruton X-linked type of hypogammaglobulinemia is characterized by each of
the following EXCEPT....
marked decrease in all immunoglobulin classes
absence of plasma cells
inability to develop immunity to most common viral agents
normal numbers of circulating lymphocytes
clinical symptoms (infections) manifest in first year of life
An 11-year-old boy is diagnosed with a malignant lymphoma involving cervical
lymph nodes. An uncle and a brother have been similarly affected. Which of the
following risk factors is he most likely to have?
Exposure to nickel compounds
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
Chronic tonsillitis
Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection
Von Gierke's disease
As a cause of infarction, the major segment of the coronary vasculature most
frequently occluded is...
left main coronary artery
left anterior descending branch
left circumflex branch
right coronary artery
right circumflex branch
A 62-year-old woman died 2 weeks following an acute anteroseptal myocardial
infarct. At necropsy the infarcted area will...
show coagulation necrosis of myocardial fibers and an acute inflammatory
cell infiltrate
consist primarily of a slightly depressed zone of dark gray-red granulation
tissue in which there are many pigmented macrophages.
be composed of a dense collagenous scar.
bulge from the cut surfaces as a soft, mottled, red and yellow area.
A patient presents with gradually progressive weakness of the legs and pain on
mild exertion. His legs are slightly pale, and the skin is thin and shiny. He is
probably suffering from :
Atherosclerosis
Venous thombosis
Arterial emboli
Left heart failure
Gangrene
In the following statements, which of the combinations is INAPPROPRIATE?
Raised T.S.H., Low T3 & 4, Hashimoto"s thyroiditis.
Decreased T.S.H., Low T3 & 4, Hashimoto"s thyroiditis.
Low T.S.H., raised T3 & 4, Graves disease.
Hashimoto"s disease, antibodies to TSH thyroid microsomal fractions.
Addisons disease, hyperkalemia, hyponatremia, Nelson"s syndrome
A hemolytic transfusion reaction is classified as...
atopic-anaphylactic
antibody-mediated cytotoxic
immune complex
cell-mediated
Which of the following immunoglobulins is able to cross the placenta?
IgM
IgD
IgG
IgA
IgE
Which of the following is the most valid explanation of why host defenses are
unable to cope successfully with the HIV agent in AIDS?
HIV establishes a reservoir in the brain
HIV infection decreases HLA class II antigen expression
HIV infection disables B-cell immunity by rendering T-helper cells
ineffective
HIV is a retrovirus and produces no characteristic antigens
macrophages and other antigen-presenting cells are disabled by HIV
Ten days following an abdominal operation a 77-year-old man is found to have a
WBC of 15,000 & SGOT of 120 units and an abnormal electrocardiogram. The
myocardium is likely to exhibit...
inflammation
necrosis
both
neither
Arteriosclerosis is most likely to impair the function of the...
heart
kidney
liver
spleen
lung
The characterisitc lesion of atherosclerosis is the:
Intimal fatty streak
Atheromatous plaque
Fibrofatty medial lesion
Intimal cell mass
Vasa vasorum obliterative endarteritis
Most important as a guide for the clinical and therapeutic management of the
AIDS patient is/are the ...
degree of encephalopathy being manifested
number of CD4+ lymphocytes per microliter of blood
number of different infectious agents involved
results of skin test with candida extract
severity of lymphadenopathy
A few minutes after receiving an injection of penicillin, a patient complains of
itching and then headache. The patient appears flushed and short of breath and
shortly thereafter collapses. This event most likely involves...
classic pathway activation of complement
release of lysosomal enzymes from neutrophils
deposition of immune complexes in vessel walls
degranulation of mast cells
blastic transformation of T lymphocytes