Aim: Observe and study some typical properties and reactions of acids and bases
Procedure
Part 1:
Part 2
1. Stand 3 clean, dry test tubes in the test tube rack. Add about 2ml of 6M HCL to one of the test
tubes, 2ml of 6M HC2H3O2 to a second test tube, and 2ml of 0.5 M NaHO to the third tube.
2. Test each solution with pH paper.
3. Add 1 drop of phenolphthalein to each solution. Discard the solutions as instructed. Clean and
rinse the test tubes.
4. Stand 4 clean test tubes in the test tube rack. Using a micro spatula or scoop, add small
quantity of zinc to one tube, magnesium to a second, iron to a third, and copper to the fourth.
5. In each test tube, add just enough 6M HCl to cover metal in the tube. Observe the relative
reactivates if the metals with this acid with its reactivity with HCl. Discard the content as
instructed. Clean and rinse the tubes.
6. Repeat step 4 and 5 using 6M HC2H3O2 in place if the HCl. Compare the reactivity of each
metal with this acid with its reactivity with HCl. Discard the contents of the test tubes. Clean
and rinse the tubes.
7. Place a small quantity of zinc in a clean test tube. Add enough 6M HCl to just cover the zinc.
As the reaction proceeds, quickly insert a burning wood splint into the test tube. Discard the
content of the tube. Clean and rinse the tube.
Observations and Data:
Data Table:
Red Litmus
Blue Litmus
PH Paper
Phenolphthalein
6 M HCl
No change
Pink
1 violet
No change
6 M HC2H302
No change
No change
3 pink
No change
.5 M NaOH
Blue
Blue
11 blue
Purple-red
Part II:
1. Reactivity in decreasing order (fastest to slowest)
Test tube:
#1. fast
#2. fastest
#3. slow
#4. slowest
2. Compare reactivities (very fast, fast, slow, very slow, no apparent reactions):
Zinc
Magnesium
iron
copper
With HCl
Fast
Very fast
Slow
Very slow
With HC2H302
Fast
Very fast
Slow
Very
EQUATIONS:
Write a balanced equation for the reaction of:
1. Each metal with 6M HCL:
Zn + HCl HZn + Cl
Mg + HCl  HMg + Cl
Fe + HCL  HFe + Cl
Cu + HCl  HCu + Cl
2.
Each metal with 6 M HC2H302
Zn + HC2H302  HZn + C2H302Mg + HC2H302 HMg + C2H302Fe + HC2H302  Hfe + C2H302Cu + HC2H302  Hcu + C2H302-
3. CaCO3 with HCl.
CaCO3 + HCl  CaH+ + CO3ClConclusions and questions:
1) What type of reaction occurs between a metal and an acid? Write a general equation for this type
of reaction.
A single replacement reaction occurs.
M(s) + 2H30+(aq)  M2+ (aq) + H2(g) + 2H20(l)
2) Explain the difference in reaction rates of a given metal with two different acids.
The difference of reactions rates with two different acids is zinc. With HCl, the
zinc was put into solution a lot faster than with HC2H302.
3) Write a balanced equation for the reaction between C02 gas and limewater[Ca(OH)2].
CaCO3 + 2HCl  CaCl2(aq) + Cl2 + 2H20.