GEOLOGY AND MINERAL RESOURCES OF KOTA DISTRICT
Kota district, extending over an area of 5098 sq. km. and comprises tehsils namely Pipalda,
Digod, Ladpura, Sangod & Ramganj mandi Kota, the district head quarter is situated on the eastern
bank of Chambal river. The district is served by Mathura-Baroda and Kota-Bina broad-gauge section
of Western Railways and a net work of all wether roads. Owing to good transport facilities, enough
water from dams on river Chambal and availability of electricity has lead to the fast industrialisation
of the district.
A major part of the district is a flat plain called Kota-Haravati-Plain which has its average
elevation of 250 m. above MSL. The Mukundara-Hill range with flat tops trending NW-SE and
rising-up to 492M. above MSL in the South-Eastern and Eastern parts of the district, is the
prominent geomorphic feature of the district.
The area is drained by the perenial river Chambal and its north flowing tributaries.
GEOLOGY:Most of the part of Kota district is occupied by rocks of Vindhyan Supergroup which forms
the part of Great-Vindhyan-basin, extending from Rohtas in Bihar to the Chittorgarh area of
Rajasthan. On the basis of different rock-units the Vindhyans of the area have been divided in to
Semri, Kaimur, Rewa and Bhander Groups comprising Sandstones, Shales and Limestone. The
Semri Group is seperated from Kaimur by conglomerate horizon which marks the break in
sedimentation before the deposition of Kaimur-group.
The limestone of Sirbu-shale horizon; at places show the evidence of algal life in the form of
arch shapped structures known as "stromatolites". Occurrence of Sandstone at different stratigraphic
horizones indicate fluctuation of the sea-level due to transgression & regression of the sea several
times during the Vindhyan period.
The general stratigraphic succession of rock types exposed in Kota district is as under:
Vindhyan
Super group
Bhander Group
Sandstone andLimestone.
Rewa Group
Shales and Sandstone.
Kaimur Group
Sandstone,
Shale
Conglomerate
Sandstone
Shale
Limestone
Semri Group
&
and
MINERAL OCCURRENCES :Owing to the total absence of Metamorphic rocks ( to which mostly metallic minerals are
associated) no important ore deposits are occuring in the district. However, it is compensated by
dimensional stone of economic importance, such as limestone and sandstone.
SANDSTONE :Owing to it's durability, attractive red and white colours and susceptibility to carving and
polishing, Vindhyan sandstone has been extensively used as building material.
(1) SANDSTONE NEAR KHIMUCH :-
Khimuch is an important locality from where white sandstone is produced. The sandstone
belongs to Semri Group, (Lower Vindhyans). The out crops of sandstone starts from about 2 kms.
north of Khimuch and continues due south-east of Suket and pass into Jhalawar district.
Most of the slabstone produced in the area is 1½ " to 4" thick. The thicker size is than called
"Mukkasar" and used for roofing purposes. The white colour sandstone is quite regular. Since the
sandstone is very hard as such it takes polish with great difficulty but if once polished it remains for
a very long period.
RED SANDSTONE :The important quarries are concentrated neer Borawas, Deoli, Kasar, Mandana, Kanwas,
villages.
The rock formation belongs to Lower Bhander group of Upper Vindhyans in which
sediments of Sirbu formation were deposited. The flaggy sandstone exposed in the quarries are well
jointed and these joints help in development of quarries and taking out slabs easily. The formations
are almost flat in all the areas. The amount of dip varies from 0 to 5° '
Most of the sand stone produced from these areas is verying in thickness from 1" to 3" The
colour is reddish brown to fine colour. The entire production is dressed in to the sizes as per demand,
varying from l'x1' to 2' x 3'.
LIMESTONE:
There are extensive deposits of Vindhyan limestone in Kota district around Morak, Chechat,
Deoli, Kotri, Milo, Julmi, Nimoda, Darra etc. The limestone is fine grained, hard and thickly bedded.
Being of splittable nature at places, it is extensively quarried in Morak, Suket and Ramganjmandi as
slab stone and is famous as "Kota Stone". Limestone is also used for lime making near Indargarh,
Mandana, etc. There are two cement plants in Kota district i.e. one of Shri Ram Cement at Kota and
other of Mangalam Cement at Morak.
1. Morak-Chechat-Deoli Belt:
Morak Deposit lies between Namana and Deoli near the Morak railway station. It has a strike
length of about 17 kms. Limestone is fine grained, grey and greyish green in colour, interbedded
with Suket shales. Department has carried out about 500 m. drilling spread over 20 boreholes and
proved about 63 million tonnes of cement grade limestone reserves containg CaO 42% & above,
MgO 1% and SiO2 18%. The area has been leased out to M/ s. Mangalam Cement for their 0.8
million tonnes capacity plant at Morak.
2. Milo-Julmi Belt :
The Milo-Julmi belt is the southern continuity of the Morak-Deoli limestone belt and has
large deposits of marginal cement grade limestone. Limestone extends for about 8.5 kms strike
length and 200-300 m. width.
Department has carried out detailed investigation by putting 39 boreholes totaling 843 m.
drilling and proved 44.75 million tonnes reserves containing CaO 44%, SiO2 14% and MgO about 1
%.
3. Limestone Deposit near Suket :
It is located just west of Suket village. The limestone belt has a strike length of 3 kms and
width about 100 m. Preliminary studies carried out by the Department revealed reserves of 22
million tonnes of cement grade limestone containing 44% CaO, 15.6% SiO2 and MgO less than 1%.
4. Limestone Deposits between Kolipura and Darra :
The limestone belt of 40 to 170 m. width extends for about 3.4 Kms. The limestone is fine
grained and chocolate in colour, The Department has carried out preliminary investigation in the
area and proved 6 million tonnes probable reserves (upto 10.0 m. depth) containing 45% CaO, 16%
SiO2 and 1.5% MgO. The deposit completely falls in game sanctuary.
5. Limestone Deposit near Nimoda:
The limestone deposit is located near village Nimoda, tehsil Digod. Digod Railway station
falls on Kota-Bina broadgauge section which is about 15 kms from the deposit. The limestone is fine
grained, stromatolitic, brown and reddish brown in colour and mostly lies under 1 to 6 m. thick soil
cover. Department has carried out preliminary investigation in the area and proved probable reserves
of the order of about 75 million tonnes containing 39 to 43% CaO, 10 to 16% SiO2 and 1 to 2.5%
MgO within 1.5 sq. km. area just north of village Nimoda. The area is held by M/s. Shriram Cements
(DCM) for their Kota based cement plant.
6. Limestone Deposit near Nimoda-Debri:
The Limestone deposit near Debri is situated 65 kms. NE from Kota on Kota-Itawa metalled
road. The limestone in Debri area is exposed in Kali Sindh river bed only for a strike length of 2 kms
and 200 m. width. It is grey and red in colour with shale partings. The analytical results reveal that
CaO values varies from 35.00 to 43.5%, SiO2 15.54 to 19.80 and MgO from 1.41 to 8.06%.
7. Limestone Deposit near Gadepan:
Limestone area near Gadepan is 35 kms from Kota on Kota-Baran road. The limestone,
greyish in colour is of cement grade where as the brownish stromatolitic limestone near village
Ballabhpura is sillceous in nature. The top horizon of limestone is of cement grade which is only
upto 17 m. depth. The department has carried out the detailed investigation over an area of 9 sq.
kms. by carrying out 345.0 m. drilling (36 boreholes) and proved 2.5 million tonnes reserves
containing average 43% CaO, 15% SiO2 and 2% MgO.
8. Flaggy Limestone:
The flaggy limestone belonging to Suket shale of Lower Vindhyan, occurs near village
Suket-Ramganjmandi, Chechat areas, tehsil Ramganjmandi of Kota district. These are famous with
the popular trade name as "Kota Stone" The limenstone is fine grained, blue, greenish and brown in
colour and easily splitted in slabs of varying thickness. The various limestone beds are described in
the table below.
In these areas limestone for floring slabs extensively quarried. There are several cutting and
polishing factories in these areas. A production of about 77641630 tonnes of limestone used as
building stone was reported during the year 1998-99 in Kota district. The deposits are along the
Delhi-Kota-Bombay broadgauge line.
Mineral Administration:
Mineral administration work in the district is being looked after by Mining Engineer, Kota
which is supervised by Superintending Mining Engineer, Kota.
The Geological work is carried out by Senior Geologist, Kota which is under Additional
Directer (Geology), Jaipur. This office looks after Geological work in Kota, Bundi, Jhalawar and
Baran districts. The Telephone numbers of these offices are given below.
(1) Senior Geologist, Kota.-0744-325110
(2)Mining Engineer,Kota. -0744-322145
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Description of flaggy Limestone
Beds
Attitudes of Deposit (Strike, dip, length)
Joganbedi, Kumbhkot, Laxmipura,
Sataikhedi, Pipakhedi belt
General trend of strike N 15° W-S 15° E with
easterly dips (2.25 m. in 30 m.) for 8 kms strike
length.
2
.
Pipakhedi-Nayagaon-Arniya-Sureda
belt
3
.
I) Suket-Atraliya- Kukda belt- Suroda
-PaliSuket belt
II) Suket, Dingis, Pama-Khedi,
Atraliya, Hiriyakhedi, Dhabadeh.
III) Dhabadeh, Teliya, Khedi
4
.
Manpura, Bhani, Jharaiya, Hiri
extending in Jhalawar district upto
Mandawar.
Chechat Deposit
5
.
6
.
Extension under Deccan traps
I) Julmi Deposit
Striking N 40° W-S 40° E with easterly dips
(6 m. to 12 m. in 30 m.) for 6.5 kms.
Striking mainly N-S with westerly dips (5 m. in
30 m.) for 3 kms length.
Striking N 35° W-S 35° E with westerly dips (6
m. to 12 m. in 30 m.) for 11 kms length.
Striking mainly N-S with westerly dips
(2.5 m. to 4 m. in 30 ll1.) for 4 kms length.
Striking mainly N 45° W-S 45° E with easterly
dips (7 m. to 14 m. in 30 m.) for 4 kms length
Anticline dome shaped 4 kms x 1.5 kms.
Overlain by Deccan traps and require
exploratory work
Unpublished Geological Rrports of Mineral Survey & Prospecting in Kota District
(A) Department of Mines & Geology:
Kulshrestha, N.P.;1961-62 : A report on investigation of limestone in Darra-Ramganj-mandi
area.
Keshwani, K.B.;1957-58: A not on studies of Darra area.
Kulshrestha, N.P.;1958-59 : A report on the investigation for clay deposit in Durgawapancholi area.
Kulshrestha, N.P.;1958-59 : A report on glass sand investigation in Kundi area.
Kulshrestha, N .P.; 1958-59 : A report on the investigation of clay at Badara, Siroli and
Manak-Chowk in Kota district
Kulshrestha, N.P.; 1956-57-58 : A report on the investigation of limestone at DarraRamganjmandi area.
Rampuria, T.C.; 1975: A report on investigation of limestone near village Morak tehsil
Ramganj-Mandi.
Sharma, J.P. Mehta, D.S., Dhabai, S.S.: 1974-75 : A report on preliminary investigation of
limestone deposit near village Indergarh.
Sharma, J.P.; 1978-79: A report on the search for diamond in Vindhyans of Jhalawar and
Kota district.
Sharma, J.P.; 1979-80 : Arepprt of the prospecting of cement grade limestone deposit near
Milo-Julmi and Suket.
Sharma, J .P.; 1979-80: A report on prospecting for cement grade limestone near village
Nimoda, tehsil Digod.
Sr. Geologist.; 1981-82: Scheme for preliminary investigation of cement grade limestone of Barsoli
of Chittorgarh district, Ladpura of Kota district along proposed new broad railway line connecting
Chittorgarh- Kota.
Sharma, J.P. Luhadia, K.C. 1983-84: A report on work done of limestone quarries near
Ramganj-Mandi and Sucket and benificiation studies.
1974-75 : Interim report on investigation on of limestome deposit around Morak Chechat
tehsil Ramganj-Mandi.
Babel, G.L. & Ravi Dayal. : A report on investigation for cement grade limestone near
village Nimoda tehsil Digod.
Sr. Geologist., 1982-83.: Assessment for clay and iron ore in Indergarh and Mohanpura area.