List of Publications to date
Books and Book Chapters
1. L. Hao and R. A. Harris, “Customised Implants for bone replacement and growth”, in Virtual &
Rapid Prototyping in Medicine, Ed. B. Bidanda & P. Bartolo, Springer, Invited book chapter, 27
June, 2006
2. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2005), Laser Surface Treatment of Bio-Implant Materials, John Wiley
& Sons of Chichester, Great Britain.
3. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, “The bioactivity and biointegration improvement of a magnesia partially
stabilised Zirconia by means of CO2 laser treatment”, in Progress in Laser
and Electro-Optics Research, Nova Science Publishers, New York, Accepted for publication, 16
May 2005
4. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2003), “The wettability modification of a magnesia partially stabilised
zirconia using laser treatment and fundamental mechanism analysis”, in Recent Research
Developments in Materials Science & Engineering, 2, p159-184 (ISBN:81-7895-091-X)
Transworld Research Network.
5. L.W. Zheng, L. Hao, Y.K. Liang, Q.S. Liu and H.L. Liu, (2001), Guideline of maintenance of
Boiler for Thermal Power Plant (Part 3): valve and steam-water pipes system reparation (DL/T
748.3-2001), China Electric & Power Publication, Beijing.
Press Reports
1
“Laser Treatment of Magnesia Partially Stabilised Zirconia (MgO-PSZ) for Improved
Biocompatibility”, Author: Liang Hao and Jonathan Lawrence, Forward: Newsletter for Industry,
22 May 2003, (Nanyang Technological University).
2. “Laser Treatment Improves Material's Biocompatibility” Author: Benjamin D. Butkus,
Biophotonics International, Sep. 2003 Vol.10, P.22
Journal Papers
1. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2003), “CO2 laser modification of the wettability characteristics of a
magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic”, Journal of Physics D: Applied
Physics, 36 (11), 1292-1299.
2. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2003), “Effects of CO2 laser radiation on the wettability and human skin
fibroblast cell response of magnesia partially stabilised zirconia”, Materials Science &
Engineering C: Biomimetic and Supramolecular Systems. 23 (5), 627-639
3. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “Laser surface treatment of magnesia partially stabilised zirconia
for enhanced human skin fibroblast cell response”, Journal of Laser Applications, 16 (1), 55-64
4. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, G. C. Lim and H.Y. Zheng, (2004), “Examination of CO2 laser induced
rapid solidification structures on magnesia partially stabilised zirconia and the effects thereof on
wettability characteristics”, Optics and Lasers in Engineering.42 (3) 355-374
5. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “On the role of laser induced microstructures in influencing the
wettability characteristics of magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic”,
Proceedings of the IMechE Part B, Journal of Engineering Manufacture. 218 (B1), 59-76
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6. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “CO2 laser induced microstructural features in a magnesia
partially stabilised zirconia bioceramic and the effects thereof on wettability characteristics”,
Materials Science & Engineering A. Structural Materials: Properties, Microstructure and
Processing, 364 (1-2), 171-181.
7. J. Lawrence, H.R. Chew, L. Hao and C.K. Chong, (2005), "Laser modification of the wettability
characteristics of a 316L stainless steel bio-metal and the effects thereof on human fibroblast cell
response", Lasers in Engineering, 15 (1-2), 75-90.
8. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “Identification of the mechanisms governing modifications of
the wettability characteristics of a magnesia partially stabilised zirconia bioceramic following
CO2 laser treatment”, Journal of Laser Applications, 16 (4), 252-257
9. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2003), “On the role of microstructure form and dimension on surface
energy changes in a magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic following CO2
laser irradiation”, Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 37 (1), 86-92
10. J. Lawrence and L. Hao, (2003), “Bonding characteristics of selected liquid-metals with a CO2
laser treated magnesia partially stabilised zirconia bioceramic”, Lasers in Engineering, 13 (4),
199-208
11. J. Lawrence, C.B. Ho, and L. Hao, (2004), “Investigation of CO2 laser treated concrete in terms of
water absorption through dissimilar layers”, Lasers in Engineering. 14 (1-2), 23-35
12. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, K.S Chian, (2004), “On the effects of CO2 laser irradiation on the surface
properties of a magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic and the subsequent
improvements in human osteoblast cell adhesion”, Journal of Biomaterials Application,19 (2),
81-105
13. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, D.K.Y.Low, K.S. Chian, G. C. Lim and H.Y. Zheng, (2004), “The
formation of a hydroxyl bond and the effects thereof on bone-like apatite formation on a
magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic following CO2 laser irradiation”,
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 15 (9), 967-975.
14. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, D.K.Y.Low, G. C. Lim and H.Y. Zheng, (2004), “Correlation between
hydroxyl bond and wettability characteristics of a magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgOPSZ) following CO2 laser irradiation”, Thin Solid Films, 468 (1-2), 12-16
15. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “The adsorption of human serum albumin (HSA) on CO2 laser
modified magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ)”, Colloids and Surfaces B:
Biointerfaces, 34 (2), 87-94
16. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2005), “The improved adsorption of human plasma fibronectin on
magnesia partially stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic resulting from CO2 laser
irradiation”, Journal of Laser Applications, 17 (2), 127-133
17. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “On the role of CO2 laser treatment in the human serum albumin
and human plasma fibronectin adsorption on zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic surface”, Journal of
Biomedical Materials Research Part A, 69A (4) 748-756
18. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “The generation of hydroxyl groups on a magnesia partially
stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic using CO2 laser treatment”, Lasers in Engineering, 14
(1-2), 37-48.
19. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, K.S. Chian, (2005), “Osteoblast cell adhesion on laser modified zirconia
based bioceramic”, Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, 16 (8) 719-726
20. L. Hao, D.R. Ma, J. Lawrence, X. Zhu, (2005,) “Enhancing osteoblast functions on a magnesia
partially stabilised zirconia bioceramic by means of laser irradiation”, Materials Science &
Engineering C: Biomimetic and Supramolecular Systems, 25, 496-502
21. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, Y.F. Phua, K.S. Chian, G.C. Lim, H.Y. Zheng, (2005), “Enhanced human
Osteoblast cell adhesion and proliferation on 316 LS stainless steel by means of CO2 laser surface
treatment”, Journal of Biomedical Materials Research B, Applied Biomaterials, 73B (1) 148-156
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22. L. Hao, J. Lawrence and L. Li, (2005), “The wettability modification of bio-grade stainless steel
in contact with simulated physiological liquids by the means of laser irradiation” Applied Surface
Science, 247 (1-4) 453-457.
23. L. Hao, J. Lawrence and L. Li, (2005), “The manipulation of the osteoblast cell response to the
Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy using high power diode laser (HPDL)” Applied Surface Science, 247 (14) 602-606.
24. L. Hao and J. Lawrence (2006) “The effects of Nd:YAG laser treatment on the wettability
characteristics of a zirconia-based bioceramic”, Optics and Lasers in Engineering, 44 (8) 803-814
25. L. Hao and J. Lawrence (2006) “Albumin and fibronectin protein adsorption on CO2 laser
modified bio-grade stainless steel”, Proceedings of the IMechE Part H, Journal of Engineering in
Medicine, 220 (H1) 47-55
26. L. Hao and J. Lawrence (2006) “Melt depth prediction for laser irradiated magnesia partially
stabilised zirconia”, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 180 (1-3) 110-116
27. L. Hao and J. Lawrence (2006) “Processing modelling of the laser surface processing of magnesia
partially stabilised zirconia by the means of three-dimensional transient finite element analysis”,
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, 462 (2065) 43-57
28. J. Lawrence, L. Hao and H.R. Chew (2005) "On the correlation between Nd:YAG laser-induced
wettability characteristics modification and Osteoblast cell bioactivity on a titanium alloy",
Surface and Coating Technology, 200 (18-19) 5581-5589
29. L. Hao, M. M. Savalani, Y. Zhang, K.E. Tanner and R. A. Harris (2006) “Selective laser sintering
of hydroxyapatite reinforced polyethylene composites for bioactive implants and tissue scaffold
development”, Proceedings of the IMechE Part H, Journal of Engineering in Medicine, 220 (H4)
521-531
30. L. Hao and J. Lawrence (2006) “Wettability modification and the subsequent manipulation of
protein adsorption on a Ti6Al4V alloy by means of CO2 laser surface treatment” Journal of
Materials Science: Materials in Medicine, In press, 8 Dec. 2005
31. M.M. Savalani, L. Hao and R.A. Harris, (2006) “Evaluation of CO2 and Nd: YAG lasers for the
selective laser sintering of HAPEX®” Proceedings of the IMechE Part B, Journal of Engineering
Manufacture, 220 (B2) 171-182.
32. L. Hao, M. M. Savalani, Y. Zhang, K.E. Tanner and R. A. Harris “Rapid manufacturing of
bioceramic/polymer composite implants by selective laser sintering”, International Journal of
Materials & Product Technology, Accepted for publication, 19 Dec. 2005
33. L. Hao, M. M. Savalani, Y. Zhang, K.E. Tanner and R. A. Harris (2006) “The effect of material
and processing conditions on characteristics of hydroxyapatite and high density polyethylene biocomposite by selective laser sintering”, Proceedings of the IMechE Part L, Journal of Materials:
Design & Application, 220, 125-137
34. M. M. Savalani, L. Hao, Y. Zhang, K.E. Tanner and R. A. Harris “Fabrication of porous bioactive
structures using the selective laser sintering technique”, Proceedings of the IMechE Part H,
Submitted for publication, 22 Aug. 2006
35. M. M. Savalani, L. Hao, Y. Zhang, K.E. Tanner and R. A. Harris “The effects and interactions of
fabrication parameters on the properties of selective laser sintered hydroxyapatite polyamide
composites”, Proceeding of the IMechE part B, Submitted for publication, Nov. 2006
36. L. Hao, M. M. Savalani, Y. Zhang, K.E. Tanner, R.J. Heath and R. A. Harris “Characterisation of
selective laser sintered hydroxyapatite based biocomposite structures for bone replacement”,
Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, Series A, Accepted for publication, 30 Mar. 2007
37. Y. Zhang, L. Hao, M. M. Savalani, R. A. Harris and K.E. Tanner “Characterization and dynamic
mechanical analysis of selective laser sintered hydroxyapatite filled polymeric composites”,
Journal of Biomedical Materials Research: Part A, Accepted for publication, 6 Apr. 2007
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38. Y. Zhang, L. Hao, M. M. Savalani, R. A. Harris and K.E. Tanner “In vitro biocompatibility of
hydroxyapatite filled polymeric biocomposites manufactured by selective laser sintering”, Acta
Biomaterialia, In preparation. 2007
Conference Papers
1. L. Hao, (2001), “Study on pollutant emissions from coal-fired power plants and effective
countermeasures”, International Conference on Energy Conversion and Application, Wuhan,
China, 12-17, June, 2001.
2. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2003), “Laser treatment of magnesia partially stabilised zirconia
(MgO-PSZ) for improved biocompatibility”, Innovation in Engineering Conference, Singapore
25 - 26 July 2003.
3. C.B. Ho, J. Lawrence and L. Hao, (2003), “An investigation of the water absorption
characteristics of a laser generated glaze on the ordinary Portland cement surface of concrete”,
The 22nd International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics: Materials
Processing, Jacksonville, FL., USA, 13-16 October 2003.
4. H.R. Chew, J. Lawrence, C.K. Chong and L. Hao, (2003), “Laser treatment of selected bio-metals
for improved biocompatibility”, The 22nd International Congress on Applications of Lasers and
Electro-Optics: Materials Processing, Jacksonville, FL., USA, 13-16 October 2003.
5. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, and H.Y. Zheng, (2003), “An investigation of the relationship between
wettability characteristics and CO2 laser induced microstructure features in a MgO-PSZ
bioceramic”, International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies (ICMAT 2003),
Singapore, 7 - 12 December 2003.
6. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, D.K.Y.Low, K.S. Chian, G. C. Lim and H.Y. Zheng, (2003), “The effect of
CO2 laser irradiation on hydroxyl bond and bone-like apatite formation on a magnesia partially
stabilised zirconia (MgO-PSZ) bioceramic ”, International Conference on Epithelial
Technologies and Tissue Engineering, Singapore, 4-6 Dec. 2003.
7. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, H.Y. Zheng and K.M. Teh, (2004), “An analysis of the CO 2 laser treatment
of a magnesia partially stabilised zirconia bioceramic and its effectiveness in promoting human
skin fibroblast cell response”, International Conference on Precision Engineering, Singapore, 2-5
March 2004.
8. J. Lawrence and L. Hao, (2004), “Bonding characteristics of selected liquid-metals with a CO2
laser treated magnesia partially stabilised zirconia bioceramic”, The 1st Pacific International
Conference on Applications of Lasers and Optic (PICALO 2004), Australia, 19-21 April 2004.
9. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “Fibroblast cell adhesion on a magnesia partially stabilised
zirconia following CO2 laser radiation”, The 1st Pacific International Conference on Applications
of Lasers and Optic (PICALO 2004), Australia, 19-21 April 2004.
10. L. Hao, J. Lawrence, G.C. Lim, H.Y. Zheng and K.M. Teh, (2003), “Identification of the
mechanisms governing modifications of the wettability characteristics of a magnesia partially
stabilised zirconia bioceramic following CO2 laser treatment”, The 1st Pacific International
Conference on Applications of Lasers and Optic (PICALO 2004), Australia, 19-21 April 2004.
11. L. Hao, Y.F. Phua, M.W. Koo, J. Lawrence and L. Li, (2004), “The wettability modification of
bio-grade stainless steel in contact with simulated physiological liquids by the means of laser
irradiation” International Conference on European Materials Research Society Spring Meeting
(E-MRS): Symposium N, Laser Interactions in Materials: Nanoscale to Mesoscale, Strasbourg,
France, 24-26 May 2004.
12. L. Hao, T.H. Wang, J. Lawrence and L. Li, (2004), “The manipulation of the osteoblast cell
response to the Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy using high power diode laser (HPDL)” International
Conference on European Materials Research Society Spring Meeting (E-MRS): Symposium N,
Laser Interactions in Materials: Nanoscale to Mesoscale, Strasbourg, France, 24-26 May 2004.
13. L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “On the adsorbed protein layer formed on a laser modified
zirconia bioceramic” 23rd International Congress on Applications of Lasers & Electro-Optics
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18.
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(ICALEO), Laser Material Processing Conference, San Francisco, California, USA, 4-7 October,
2004.
J. Lawrence and L. Hao, (2004), “Laser modification of the wettability characteristics of a
biological 316L stainless steel” The 23rd International Congress on Applications of Lasers &
Electro-Optics (ICALEO), Laser Material Processing Conference, San Francisco, California,
USA, 4-7 October, 2004.
L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2004), “Biocompatibility enhancement of an inert ceramic using CO2
laser radiation” Photonics Asia, Lasers in Material Processing and Manufacturing III, Beijing,
China, 8-12 November, 2004.
L. Hao, M.M. Savalani and R. A. Harris, (2005), “Layer manufacturing of polymer/bioceramic
implants for bone replacement and tissue growth” The 2nd International Conference on Advance
Research in Virtual and Rapid Prototyping, Leiria, Portugal, 28th September – 1st October 2005.
Y. Zhang, M.M. Savalani, L. Hao, R.A. Harris, K.E. Tanner (2006), “Dynamic Mechanical
Behavior of Selective Laser Sintered Hydroxyapatite-Polyamide Composite”, 20th European
Conference on Biomaterials, Nantes, France, 27th September – 1st October 2006
M.M. Savalani, R.D. Goodrige, L.Hao, R.A. Harris (2005), “Selective Laser Sintering of
Bioactive Structures for Bone Replacement ”, 7th Solid Freeform Fabrication, Texas, USA, 14th 16th Aug. 2006
J. Lawrence and L. Hao, (2006), "Laser-induced wettability characteristics modification and the
effect thereof on cell response on a titanium alloy", The 25th International Congress on
applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics: Materials Processing, 30 October - 2 November 2006,
Scottsdale, AZ., USA, pp. xx-xx. Orlando, FL: Laser Institute of America (2006).
L. Hao and J. Lawrence, (2006), "CO2 laser irradiation of a magnesia partially stabilized zirconia
(MgO-PSZ) bioceramic and the subsequent improvements in human osteoblast cell adhesion",
The 25th International Congress on Applications of Lasers and Electro-Optics: Laser Materials
Processing, 30 October - 2 November 2006, Scottsdale, AZ., USA, pp. xx-xx.
Orlando, FL: Laser Institute of America (2006).
Presentation
1. L. Hao, R.A.Harris, M.M. Savalani (2005) “High performance bioactive structures for bone
replacement and tissue growth” Solid Modelling & Prototype, Birmingham, United Kingdom, 2728th April, 2005
2. L. Hao, M.M. Savalani, Y. Zhang, R. A. Harris and K.E. Tanner “Selective Laser Sintering of
High Performance Bioactive Implant Structure” Powder Technology in the Medical Device
Industry, A Powdermatrix / MediTech Joint Meeting, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 29 June 2006
Poster
1. L.Hao, M.M Savalani, R.A. Harris “High performance bioactive structures for bone replacement
and tissue growth” Powder Technology in the Medical Device Industry, A Powdermatrix /
MediTech Joint Meeting, Nottingham, United Kingdom, 29 June 2006
2 M. M. Savalani, L. Hao, Y. Zhang, K.E. Tanner and R. A. Harris ‘RM for orthopeadic implants
Conference name: SET for Britain’ House of Commons, London, 13th Mar. 2006
3 Y. Zhang, M.M. Savalani, L. Hao, R.A. Harris, K.E. Tanner “Osteoblasts Response to Selective
Laser Sintered Hydroxyapatite Filled Polymer Composites” 20th European Conference on
Biomaterials, Nantes, France, 27th September – 1st October 2006
4 L. Hao, M.M. Savalani, Y. Zhang, R.A. Harris, K.E. Tanner “Direct Manufacturing of
Customized Bone Implant Structure Using Selective Laser Sintering” 20th European Conference
on Biomaterials, Nantes, France, 27th September – 1st October 2006
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