125
Project no. FP6-018505
Project Acronym FIRE PARADOX
Project Title FIRE PARADOX: An Innovative Approach of Integrated Wildland Fire
Management Regulating the Wildfire Problem by the Wise Use of Fire: Solving the Fire
Paradox
Instrument Integrated Project (IP)
Thematic Priority Sustainable development, global change and ecosystems
Deliverable D6.1-5
Fire Paradox Fuel Manager: User’s manual
Due date of deliverable: Month 27
Start date of project: 1st March 2006
Duration: 48months
Organization name of lead contractor for this deliverable: INRA
Revision (0001)
Project co-funded by the European Commission within the Sixth Framework Programme
(2002-2006)
Dissemination Level
PU
Public
PP
Restricted to other programme participants (including the Commission Services)
RE
Restricted to a group specified by the consortium (including the Commission Services)
CO
Confidential, only for members of the consortium (including the Commission Services)
X
Authors and contribution partners:

P02-INRA-URFM, Avignon, France: Isabelle Lecomte, François Pimont, Eric Rigolot,
Oana Vigy

INRA-AMAP, Montpellier, France: François de Coligny, Sébastien Griffon

ARMINES, Sophia Antipolis, France: Eric Rigaud
Reference
Lecomte, I., de Coligny, F., Griffon, S., Pimont, F., Rigaud, E., Rigolot, E., Vigy, O. 2008. Fire
Paradox Fuel Manager: User’s manual Deliverable D6.1-5 of the Integrated project “Fire
Paradox”, Project no. FP6-018505, European Commission, 83 p.
Executive summary
The FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER is a computer software integrated in the data processing chain
between the European data and knowledge base on fuels ( EUROFORESTFUELS database) and the
3D physical-based fire propagation models. The scientific objective is the representation of
vegetation scenes and their transformation into fuel complexes including all the necessary
parameters to run a fire behaviour model. The technological objectives are to implement a user
friendly platform to generate fuel complexes in 3D, to provide tools for managing the
EUROFORESTFUELS database, to visualize fire effects on trees and simulate post fire vegetation
successions.
A survey of available simulation platform technologies has led us to join the CAPSIS project,
dedicated to hosting a wide range of models for forest dynamics and stand growth. A new
CAPSIS module – “FireParadox” – has been developed which implements data structure and
functionalities of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
A 3D vegetation scenes’ editor has been implemented allowing interactive manipulative
functionalities on vegetation scenes (e.g. zoom, rotation, etc) as well as on vegetation objects
(selecting, adding, updating) through a graphical user interface. Several renderers are available
to display 3D vegetation objects. Fire damage on vegetation objects have been mainly focused
on fire-induced tree mortality. Several fire impacts on trees crown and trunk have been defined
and can be visualized at the scene scale. Moreover, several tools are available to display
information (descriptive statistics, indicators) on the vegetation scene content or on the current
selection.
Several creation modes of vegetation scenes are available including loading of a pre-existing
inventory file or the automatic generation of a new scene respecting a set of constraints on
species distribution.
The application is connected through the Internet to the EUROFORESTFUELS database and
manages the users rights. EUROFORESTFUELS database is currently hosted by P13-WLS servers in
Switzerland and will be located in a near future on P05-EFI server in Finland becoming a facility
of the FIREINTUITION platform.
An export module has been developed to prepare the set of files necessary to run the fire
propagation model. Export files describe the composition and the structure of the fuel
complexes taking into account the physical properties of various components of the different
vegetation layers (trees, shrubs, herbs and litter) composing the vegetation scene.
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CONTENTS LIST
FIGURES
6
ACRONYMS
8
GLOSSARY
8
1
2
3
4
5
INTRODUCTION
10
1.1
Application Platform
10
1.2
The Fuel Database
10
1.3
Available Functionalities
1.3.1 Manipulative Functionalities on Vegetation Scene
1.3.2 Analysis of a Vegetation Scene (chapter 8)
1.3.3 Effects of Fire Visualisation Functionalities (chapter 8.4)
1.3.4 Fire Models Exportation (chapter 9)
1.3.5 Shape Patterns’ Editor (chapter 10)
1.3.6 EUROFORESTFUELS Database Management (chapter 11)
11
11
11
12
12
12
12
TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS
13
2.1
Session, project, module, scenario
13
2.2
Extensions
13
2.3
Objects
13
2.4
Taxonomic Levels
13
2.5
Shape Pattern
14
INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION
16
3.1
Extract Archive Installation Package
3.1.1 D6.1-4a-18-0100-2.zip Archive File
3.1.2 D6.1-4a-18-0100-3.zip Archive File
16
16
16
3.2
How to Install the Java Runtime Environment, Version 1.5?
3.2.1 Check the Active Java Version
3.2.2 Download and Install Java 1.5
3.2.3 Test Java 1.5 Installation
16
16
17
18
3.3
How to Install the JOGL Library?
3.3.1 Download and Install the JOGL Library
3.3.2 Configure your Working Environment
18
18
18
3.4
How to Install the CAPSIS Platform?
3.4.1 Download and Install the CAPSIS Platform
3.4.2 Launch the CAPSIS Platform
20
20
21
USE OF THE FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER – OVERVIEW
22
4.1
Screen Layouts
4.1.1 CAPSIS Screen Layout
4.1.2 Module FireParadox Screen Layout
22
22
22
4.2
Keyboard Shortcuts
24
4.3
Program Help
25
VEGETATION SCENE CREATION
26
5.1
CAPSIS project creation
26
5.2
Vegetation scene creation
26
5.3
From a database inventory
27
5.4
From a detailed Inventory File
5.4.1 For Viewing Only
5.4.2 For Matching with Database
27
27
28
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6
7
8
9
5.5
From Field Parameters
28
5.6
From Scratch
28
VEGETATION SCENE MODIFICATION
29
6.1
Selection
6.1.1 Individual or Multiple Selection
6.1.2 Selection with the Scene Inspector
6.1.3 Unselection
29
29
29
30
6.2
Adding
6.2.1 Vegetation Objects Selection
6.2.2 Planting Process
6.2.3 Adding a Polygon or a Polyline
30
31
31
33
6.3
Updating
6.3.1 Moving Functionality
6.3.2 Deleting Functionality
33
33
34
VEGETATION SCENE VISUALISATION
35
7.1
Viewpoint Motions
7.1.1 Orbit Functionality
7.1.2 Zoom Functionality
7.1.3 Pan Functionality
35
35
35
36
7.2
Object Renderers
7.2.1 Renderers Dialog Windows
7.2.2 Object Render Compatibility
7.2.3 Bounding Boxes Render
7.2.4 Grid Render
7.2.5 Lollypops Render
7.2.6 Pattern Sketcher Render
36
36
37
37
38
39
39
VEGETATION SCENE ANALYSIS
41
8.1
Descriptive Analysis on the whole set of Vegetation Objects
41
8.2
Descriptive Analysis on Selected Vegetation Objects
41
8.3
Visual Analysis
43
8.4
Effects of Fire Visualisation
8.4.1 Crown Damages
8.4.2 Bole Damages
43
43
44
8.5
Visualisation Options
44
FIRE MODELS EXPORTATION
45
9.1
FireTec Model
45
9.2
Exportation procedure
46
10 PATTERNS’ EDITOR
49
10.1 Screen Layout
49
10.2 Association: Shape Pattern linked to a Group of Vegetation Objects
10.2.1 Create an Association
10.2.2 Update an Association
10.2.3 Remove an Association
50
51
51
51
10.3 Shape Patterns
10.3.1 Shape Patterns Dialog Windows
10.3.2 Create a Shape Pattern
10.3.3 Update a Shape Pattern
10.3.4 Delete a Shape Pattern
52
52
53
53
53
11 EUROFORESTFUELS DATABASE MANAGER
54
11.1 Database Connection and User Rights
54
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11.2 Available functionalities: main menu
54
11.3 Teams’ Editor
11.3.1 Teams’ List
11.3.2 Create or Update a Team
11.3.3 Delete a Team
11.3.4 Undelete a Team
56
56
56
57
57
11.4 Sites’ Editor
11.4.1 Sites’ List
11.4.2 Create or Update a Site
11.4.3 Delete a Site
11.4.4 Undelete a Site
11.4.5 Municipalities’ List
11.4.6 Create or Update a Municipality
11.4.7 Delete a Municipality
11.4.8 Undelete a Municipality
58
58
58
61
61
61
62
63
63
11.5 Fuel Editor (Fuel samples)
11.5.1 Fuel Samples’ list
11.5.2 Create or Update a Fuel Sample
11.5.3 Create or Update a Fuel Sample Crown Description
11.5.4 Create or Update a Fuel Sample Particles Description
11.5.5 Delete a Fuel Sample
11.5.6 Undelete a Fuel Sample
63
63
64
67
69
70
70
11.6 Fuels’ Editor (Fuel Plants)
11.6.1 Fuel Plants’ List
11.6.2 Create or Update a Fuel Plant
11.6.3 Create or Update a Fuel Plant Crown Description
11.6.4 Create or Update a Particles Description of a Fuel Plant
11.6.5 Delete a Fuel Plant
11.6.6 Undelete a Fuel Plant
71
71
72
73
75
75
75
11.7 Fuel Editor (Fuel Layers)
11.7.1 Fuel Layers’ List
11.7.2 Create or Update a Fuel Layer
11.7.3 Create or Update a Fuel Layer Crown Description
11.7.4 Create or Update a Fuel Layer Particles Description
11.7.5 Delete a Fuel Layer
11.7.6 Undelete a Fuel Layer
75
75
76
77
78
78
78
12 REFERENCES
79
13 ANNEX
80
13.1 Annex – Inventory Files
80
13.2 Annex – Chain between Patterns’ Editor GUIs
82
QUALITY EVALUATION REPORT (QER)
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FIGURES
Figure 1: Shape Pattern with its dimensions
Figure 2: (1) Crown height - (2) Max diameter height - (3) Crown base height - (4) Crown
diameter
Figure 3: Command window screenshot - java version 1.5 installed
Figure 4: Command line to install CAPSIS in a Windows environment
Figure 5: CAPSIS install dialog window
Figure 6: Command line to install CAPSIS in a Linux environment
Figure 7: Command line to launch CAPSIS in a Windows environment
Figure 8: Command line to launch CAPSIS in a Linux environment
Figure 9: CAPSIS main window
Figure 10: Main window of the FPFM
Figure 11: Example of CAPSIS help screen: inspector panel
Figure 12: New project window
Figure 13: Scene generation window
Figure 14: Scene creation from an inventory file
Figure 15: Scene creation from scratch
Figure 16: Vegetation objects selection
Figure 17: Terrain object selection
Figure 18: Grid object selection
Figure 19: List of objects in the scene inspector
Figure 20: Multi-selection of trees with scene inspector
Figure 21: Dialog window for adding a vegetation object in the scene
Figure 22: Dialog window for interactive planting process
Figure 23: Dialog window for planting following a pattern
Figure 24: Adding objects within a polygon randomly
Figure 25: Adding objects within the terrain randomly
Figure 26: Adding objects within the terrain with a square pattern
Figure 27: Dialog window for planting along a line
Figure 28:
Figure 29:
Figure 30:
Figure 31:
Figure 32:
Figure 33:
Figure 34:
Figure 35:
Figure 36:
Figure 37:
Figure 38:
Figure 39:
Figure 40:
Figure 41:
Figure 42:
Figure 43:
Figure 44:
Figure 45:
Figure 46:
Figure 47:
Figure 48:
Figure 49:
Figure 50:
Figure 51:
Figure 52:
Figure 53:
Planting object along a line (polygon)
Planting object along a line (polyline)
Drawing a polyline
Drawing a polygon
Movement of a pre-selected vegetation object
Removal of pre-selected vegetation objects
Angular, side and bird’s eye views obtained by orbit view motion
Zoom in
Pan movement
Object renders panel
Bounding boxes render applied to the whole set of objects
Grid render settings
Grid size (10) x cell size (10), centred on the origin
Grid size (10) x cell size (5), centred on a tree
Lollypops
Outline
Lollypops Settings
Magnified trunks
Invisible trunks
Pattern Sketcher Render options
Descriptive analysis, State panel
Tree inspector
State of the selected objects
Tree side viewer
By height threshold
By species
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25
26
27
28
28
29
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30
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30
31
32
32
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40
41
42
42
42
43
43
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Figures 54: Fire impact windows by fire damage level
Figure 55: Various visualisations options
Figure 56: EXPORT choice on CAPSIS main interface
Figure 57: Export format and folder name choice
Figure 58: FireTec Export Interface
43
44
46
47
47
Figure 59: FireTec Export Interface (Progress status bar)
48
Figure 60: Main window of the Patterns’ Editor
49
Figure 61: Add and update association window
51
Figure 62: Shape patterns edition window
52
Figure 63: List of available shape patterns
52
Figure 64: EUROFORESTFUELS database connection
54
Figure 65: A measured or virtual vegetation object built with 3 types of fuel samples
55
Figure 66: EUROFORESTFUELS database manager main menu
55
Figure 67: Database teams’ list
56
Figure 68: Team creation or modification screen
56
Figure 69: Team delete screen
57
Figure 70: Team undelete screen
57
Figure 71: Database sites’ list
58
Figure 72: Site creation or modification screen
59
Figure 73: Database municipalities’ list
62
Figure 74: Municipality creation or modification screen
62
Figure 75: Fuel samples’ list
64
Figure 76: Fuel samples’ editor, team screen
65
Figure 77: Fuel samples’ editor, site selection screen
65
Figure 78: Fuel samples’ editor, individual screen
66
Figure 79: Fuel samples’ editor, comment screen
67
Figure 80: Concepts of shape and volume fractions, representation in a (x, z) plan
67
Figure 81: Fuel samples’ editor, crown description screen
68
Figure 82: Fuel particles parameters description
69
Figure 83: Fuel plants’ list
71
Figure 84: Fuel plants’ editor, individual screen
72
Figure 85: Fuel plant crown description screen in 2D
73
Figure 86: Illustrations of the rotation function to obtain 3D physical information based on a
2D one.
74
Figure 87: Fuel plant crown description screen in 3D
74
Figure 88: Fuel layers’ list
76
Figure 89: Fuel layers’ editor, individual screen
77
Figure 90: Elements of a crown layer shape and types of shape.
78
Figure 91: Fuel layer crown description screen
78
Figure 92: Inventory file dataBaseFile_fc.scene
80
Figure 93: Inventory file “Lamanon_Mixed.scene”
81
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ACRONYMS
2D
3D
AMAP
DLL
DTM
FPFM
GUI
INRA
JAR
JOGL
JRE
WSL
Two dimensions
Three dimensions
botAnique et bioInforMatique de l'Architecture des Plantes
Dynamic Link Library
Digital Terrain Model
Fire Paradox Fuel Manager
Graphical User Interface
Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (Fire Paradox partner 02)
Java Archive
Java OpenGL
Java Runtime Environment
Wald, Schnee und Landschaft (Fire Paradox partner 13)
GLOSSARY
Cube method: fuel description method designed by the Fire Star European project and
consolidated by the Fire Paradox project to model the spatial distribution of fuel particles as
required by physically based fire models [1].
Grid: set of lines dividing the ground surface in squares. Grid can be useful to locate vegetation
objects in the vegetation scene.
Fuel family: a fuel family represents all the solid particles of vegetation, which have the same
properties concerning physical, chemical and thermal processes involved in a wildland fire
propagation. Typical fuel families are needles, leaves or twigs of several diameters.
Height
Fuel sample: sample of fuel of a lower level than a vegetation object (individual plant). One or
several fuel samples are necessary to build a vegetation object ( Error! Reference source not
found. 0). Fuel sampling is generally carried out with the so called “cube” method, collecting
fuel in elementary volumes of 25 cm side. Consequently a typical fuel sample is a 25 cm x
25 cm x 25 cm cube, although it may have other dimensions. A fuel sample may be collected by
field destructive measurements (measured), or calculated.
Top
VF
VF
VF
Centre
VF
VF
VF
Base
VF
VF
VF
Diameter
Vegetation object
Distribution of fuel
samples in a
vegetation object
Three fuel samples types used to build
the vegetation object
Figure 0: Vegetation object built with 3 types of fuel samples
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Layer:
Vegetation layer: layer composed of all the plants occupying the same vegetation
stratum: trees, shrubs and grasses layers are the main layers considered in this
document. Litter can be considered as a layer as well, but it is composed of downed
and dead woody debris.
Fuel layer: collection of individual plants, closely grouped and difficult to describe
separately, forming a layer generally much more wide than high. A fuel layer is
described as a single vegetation object and has almost the same properties than an
individual plant. Quercus coccifera shrubland is a typical fuel layer.
Object: (Sensus CAPSIS) elements composing a scene such as a terrain, a grid, polygons,
polylines or vegetation objects (in other word item).
Plant: vegetation object
Measured plant: vegetation object corresponding to a real plant measured in the
field.
Virtual plant: vegetation object not corresponding to real plant measured in the field.
It may differ either by its shape, by the distribution of cubes within its shape, by the
values of one or several fuel parameters (e.g. mean of several samples).
Renderer: (Computer science term) graphical way to represent a 3D object. FIRE PARADOX FUEL
MANAGER proposes several renderers to visualise Objects (terrain, grid and vegetation objects).
Terrain: ground surface of a vegetation stand. It may be flat or may follow the ground surface
topography through a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). This object is necessary to display
vegetation objects.
Shape pattern: characterization of the crown envelope of a vegetation object by defining the
ratios between the different horizontal stratifications of the crown.
Site: location where destructive fuel sampling has been carried out to characterize individual
plant or particle fuel properties.
Taxon: a taxon (plural taxa), is a name applied for an organism or a group of organisms. In
biological nomenclature according to Carl Linnaeus, a taxon is assigned to a taxonomic rank and
can be placed at a particular level in a systematic hierarchy reflecting evolutionary relationships.
Team: Fire Paradox partner involved in fuel description field and laboratory works.
Vegetation object: individual plant (tree, shrub, grass) or fuel layer represented on the
vegetation scene and fully described as a fuel in the EUROFORESTFUELS database.
Vegetation scene: collection of vegetation objects organized on a landscape including
possibly different vegetation layers (trees, shrubs, grasses and litter).
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1
INTRODUCTION
This document presents the functionalities of the application identified as an Integrated Product
under the name “FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER (FPFM)”. This application results of the activities of
WP6.1 “Design, development, test and deployment of a fuel editor ” within the Fire Paradox
project.
The main goal of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER is to generate – with a user friendly manner –
fuel complexes in 2D and 3D in order to be used as input data for fire behaviour models. These
input files describe the composition and the structure of the fuel complex taking into account
the physical properties of various components of the different vegetation layers (trees, shrubs,
herbs and litter) composing the vegetation scene.
Vegetation scene: collection of vegetation objects organized on a landscape including
possibly different vegetation layers (trees, shrubs, grasses and litter).
The FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER also provides tools for managing a fuel database: adding,
updating and deleting fuels descriptions (location and dimension of vegetation objects and fuel
parameters for fire simulations).
The FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER will also enable to visualise effects of fire on trees and to
simulate vegetation succession after fire occurrence.
1.1
Application Platform
The FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER aims to be, on one hand, a management tool for manipulating
fuel complexes and on the other hand, an application that enables fire simulations and the
generation of vegetation post fire succession steps. A survey of available technologies has
identified a simulation platform, CAPSIS [2][3], dedicated to hosting a wide range of models for
forest dynamics and stand growth. In a few words, CAPSIS is designed around a kernel which
provides an organizational data structure (session, project, scenario steps) and also generic
data descriptions (stand, tree, etc.). These descriptions can be completed in modules – one for
each model – which implement a proper data structure and a specific evolution function
(growth, mortality, regeneration, etc.) with a chosen simulation step.
Designed within a joint research unit INRA-AMAP (Montpellier, France), we decided to join the
CAPSIS project to benefit from this practical, scalable and free platform which is adapted to
forestry modellers, forestry managers and education. Thus, we co-developed a new CAPSIS
module – “FireParadox” – which implements data structure and functionalities of the FIRE
PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
CAPSIS and FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER are both written in JAVA language [4].
1.2
The Fuel Database
Data related to fuel descriptions are stored in a database with the purpose of designing a
European data and knowledge base on fuels ( EUROFORESTFUELS database). WSL is the partner in
charge of this implementing database within WP3.3.4 “Design a database for fuel and plant
architecture”. The data structure has been designed on the basis of an inventory of both
available fuel data (INRA cube’s method) as well as expected fuel data (in three dimensions).
The complete database structure will be described in D3.3-6 “Database of fuel characteristics ”
(Due date month 48).
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1.3
Available Functionalities
This chapter briefly presents available functionalities which will be further detailed in the
following chapters of this manual.
1.3.1
Manipulative Functionalities on Vegetation Scene
The manipulative functionalities represent management actions that can be applied on data
describing a vegetation scene and vegetation objects.
Vegetation object: individual plant (tree, shrub, grass) or fuel layer represented on the
vegetation scene and fully described as a fuel in the EUROFORESTFUELS database .
a) Creation of a vegetation scene (chapter 5)
Two creation modes are currently available.

An inventory file can be loaded: it describes each vegetation object present on
the vegetation scene throughout its species, crown dimensions and location.

An empty scene can be generated by specifying the dimensions of the forest
stand.
b) Modification of a vegetation scene
Following sub-functionalities are released:

Selection (chapter 0): single and multi selection are possible with the mouse
directly on the vegetation scene.

Adding
(chapter
6.2):
vegetation
objects
can
be
extracted
from
the
EUROFORESTFUELS database and displayed on the scene. An interactive mode is
proposed to select vegetation objects in the database and add/place them on a
vegetation scene (empty or not).

Updating (chapter 6.3): vegetation objects can be moved with the mouse from
one point to another on the scene. The user can also delete from the scene a
pre-selected vegetation object or group of vegetation objects.
c) Visualization of a vegetation scene

Viewpoint motions (chapter 7.1): the vegetation scene can be visualized in
different perspectives using the zoom, translation and rotation functions.

Renderers (chapter 7.2): there are currently three ways to simply represent and
distinguish vegetation objects. One of them uses specific shapes that can be
defined with the vegetation pattern designer. This tool permits to create shapes
by defining their parameters and then, to assign a shape to one or several
vegetation objects (e.g. a given shape for a given species).
Renderer: (Computer science term) graphical way to represent a 3D object. FIRE PARADOX FUEL
MANAGER proposes several renderers to visualise Objects (terrain, grid and vegetation objects).
Object: (Sensus CAPSIS) elements composing a scene such as a terrain, a grid, polygons,
polylines or vegetation objects (in other word item).
1.3.2
Analysis of a Vegetation Scene (chapter 8)
Several tools are available to display information on the vegetation scene content or on the
current selection (part of the vegetation scene).

An area is dedicated to display in real time some descriptive statistics of the
whole vegetation scene or on the current selection.

An “inspector” permits to display lots of information on a pre selected vegetation
object.
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1.3.3
Effects of Fire Visualisation Functionalities (chapter 8.4)
Fire impacts on bole or foliage of vegetation objects (shrubs or trees) can be visualized. The
way to extract these information from expert rules or from fire simulation results is not
implemented yet.
1.3.4
Fire Models Exportation (chapter 9)
One of the main objectives of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER is to automatically build input files
for both 2D and 3D fire behaviour models. The application must enable to create and visualize
input files based on the selected scene for fire behaviour models and simulations.
1.3.5
Shape Patterns’ Editor (chapter 10)
Criteria have been identified – taxon, height dimensions and environment – to constitute groups
of vegetation objects. The Patterns’ Editor permits to create shape patterns and to assign
typical crown profiles to these groups of fuels.
A shape pattern characterizes the crown envelope of a vegetation object by defining the
ratios between the different horizontal stratifications of the crown.
1.3.6
EUROFORESTFUELS Database Management (chapter 11)
The main functionalities include:

Creation, modification and suppression of teams.

Creation, modification and suppression of sites.

Creation, modification and suppression of data related to fuels descriptions.

general information (team, site, fuel species and dimension)

2D and 3D crown descriptions using the cube method

list of particle parameters useful as fire simulation entries.
Cube method: Fuel description method designed by the Fire Star European project and
consolidated by the Fire Paradox project to model the spatial distribution of fuel particles as
required by physically based fire models [1]
Site: location where destructive fuel sampling has been carried out to characterize individual
plant or particle fuel properties.
Team: Fire Paradox partner involved in fuel description field and laboratory works.
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2
TERMINOLOGY AND CONCEPTS
This chapter gives a list of terms used in this manual. A few concepts were already explained in
deliverable D6.1-2 “Detailed definition of the data structure and functionalities of the FIRE
PARADOX FUEL MANAGER”.
2.1
Session, project, module, scenario
Session, project, module and scenario are CAPSIS concepts. A session can contain several
projects; so the user can open several projects in parallel. Each project is associated to a
specific module chosen at the beginning. A project always contains a root step, supporting the
initial stand of the simulation, either loaded from file or virtually generated. The user can create
different scenarios by alternating growth sequences calculated by the model and silvicultural
treatments.
2.2
Extensions
The simulated data can then be checked by using specific extensions (plug-ins) of the module
or others that are compatible with: viewers, graphics, intervention methods (including thinning,
pruning, fertilization, plantation, etc.) and export tools in various formats for closer analysis.
2.3
Objects
A scene can be composed of several objects such as a terrain, a grid and several vegetation
objects.
A Terrain corresponds to the ground of a vegetation stand. It may be flat or may follow the
ground surface topography through a Digital Elevation Model (DEM). This object is necessary to
display vegetation objects.
A Grid is a set of lines dividing the ground surface in squares. Grid can be useful to locate
vegetation objects in the vegetation scene.

2.4
Vegetation objects can be trees, shrubs and grasses which properties can be
extracted from the EUROFORESTFUELS database or described in files.
Taxonomic Levels
Taxonomy is the science of classifying organisms. The system used in the EUROFORESTFUELS
database is the Linnaean one, which breaks down organisms into seven major divisions, called
taxa (singular: taxon). Divisions are as follow: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and
species.
The classification levels become more specific towards the bottom and we will focus on the
genus and species one. As example, Quercus ilex and Quercus coccifera species belong to the
same genus Quercus.
Taxon: a taxon (plural taxa), is a name applied for an organism or a group of organisms. In
biological nomenclature according to Carl Linnaeus, a taxon is assigned to a taxonomic rank and
can be placed at a particular level in a systematic hierarchy reflecting evolutionary relationships.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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2.5
Shape Pattern
A shape pattern characterizes the crown envelope of a vegetation object by defining the ratios
between the different horizontal stratifications of the crown ( Figure 1).
The following dimensions are expressed in percentage of the crown height:

Top of the crown = 100%

Base of the crown = 0%

Level of the maximum crown diameter is set by the user. This dimension is used
as an indicator and will be readjusted by the effective height (of the max.
diameter) of the vegetation object.

The maximum crown diameter is also defined as a percentage of the crown
length.
Levels can be defined in order to adjust the form of the envelope in both horizontal and vertical
directions. In that respect, the crown is divided into two parts, the upper portion (over the max.
diameter level) and the lower portion (under the max. diameter level). Intermediate diameters
can be added in these two portions. Each of these new diameters is described by two
parameters:

Horizontal direction: percentage of the max. diameter length

Vertical direction: percentage of crown portion height
The Figure 1 illustrates a shape pattern which dimensions are:

Level of the max diameter is set at 33% of the crown height.

Two intermediate crown diameters are defined: one at 33% of the height of the
upper part of the crown and the other at 50% of the height of the lower part of
the crown. Intermediate diameters are respectively 80% and 60% of the value of
the maximum diameter.
100
Top
100
Upper part
33
Max Diameter Level
100
33
0
Lower part
50
Base
0
0
Diameter dimensions
0

60
80
100
Figure 1: Shape Pattern with its dimensions
Shape pattern description vs. vegetation object dimensions
A vegetation object shape is succinctly described by its crown height, crown base height, max
crown diameter height and crown diameter length.
Figure 2 shows three different vegetation objects displayed by using the same shape pattern,
the one previously described in Figure 1.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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14,7m (1)
14,1m (1)
12,3m (2)
11,3m (1)
11,1m (2)
8,9m (2)
6,5m (3)
6,5m (3)
9,7m (4)
5,8m (4)
6,1m (3)
4,4m (4)
Figure 2: (1) Crown height - (2) Max diameter height - (3) Crown base height - (4) Crown
diameter
As shown in Figure 2, the first shape looks like its associated shape pattern ( Figure 1), but
the two others have quite different aspects. It is due to one single property – the maximum
crown diameter height – which differs from one vegetation object to the other. Indeed, in the
three illustrations, the max. diameter level is respectively 29%, 76% and 99% of the crown
height, more or less closed to the 33% set in the shape pattern.
To date, the max. crown diameter height is randomly generated because this property is still
missing in vegetation objects description in the EUROFORESTFUELS database. This property is
planned to be filled in at the same time as other vegetation object shape properties thanks to
the vegetation object manipulation functionalities. The coherence between those different
inputs should be then guaranteed.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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3
INSTALLATION AND CONFIGURATION
The installation and configuration of three components are necessary to fully use the FIRE
PARADOX FUEL MANAGER:

Java Runtime Environment (JRE), version 1.5. [5]

JOGL library [10]

Module FireParadox of the CAPSIS platform.
Detailed instructions are given in the following chapters.
The FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER works on Windows, Macintosh, Linux and anything else which
accepts Java. Steps dedicated to the Windows operating system are stressed in this chapter as
it is the most common operating system.
3.1
Extract Archive Installation Package
Two archive files D6.1-4b-0100-1.zip and D6.1-4b-0100-2.zip are available on the Fire
Paradox web site: www.fireparadox.org in “Module > 6. Technological development >
WP6.1”.
Both archive files contain directories dedicated to the components installation.
3.1.1
3.1.2
D6.1-4b-0100-1.zip Archive File

The “java 1.5” directory contains the executive file for the JRE installation on
Windows operating system: jre-1_5_0_11-windows-i586-p.exe

The “jogl library” directory contains the archive file of the JOGL library fit to
Windows operating system: jogl-1.1.1-pre-20070727-windows-i586.zip
D6.1-4b-0100-2.zip Archive File
This file contains the archive file of the CAPSIS platform with the fireparadox module:
capsis4_fireparadox.zip
3.2
How to Install the Java Runtime Environment, Version 1.5?
A Java Runtime Environment (JRE) is needed for simple use of the CAPSIS platform and precisely
the version 1.5.
Note: Any java version has an update version number indicated in this chapter with the
following notation <#> (e.g.: JRE 1.5.0_12 equals to JRE 1.5.0_<#>). Any update of the
1.5 version fits with the use of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
3.2.1
Check the Active Java Version
If a JRE is already installed on your computer, a checkout will indicate the running version
number. Depending on the result, the required version will be installed.
 Open a command window:
o
“Start > Programs > Accessories >
Prompt)” or “Start > Programs > Command
Windows operating system: select
Command prompt (MS-Dos
prompt (MS-Dos Prompt)” depending on your Windows version.
 Enter “java –version” at the prompt (make sure that there is a space between
“java” and “-version”).
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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 Have a look at the output:
o In case of “Command not found”: proceed to chapter § 0.
o In case of the java version is unlike 1.5: proceed to chapter § 0.
o In case of the java version is 1.5 as below: proceed to chapter § 3.2.3.
Figure 3: Command window screenshot - java version 1.5 installed
3.2.2
Download and Install Java 1.5
An executable file that includes all the files needed for the complete installation is required. The
procedure to download and install depends on your operating system:

Windows: proceed to chapter § 0 a)

Linux, Solaris, Macintosh: proceed to chapter § 0 b)
Following instructions are based on an installation guide [5] available on the Java Sun official
website.
a) Windows
You can download the executable file from (1) the Java Sun website or use (2) the D6.1-4b100-1.zip archive file. More detailed instructions [6] are available on the Java Sun website.
 Download the executable file: j2re-1_5_0_<#>-windows-i586-p.exe (15,7Mo)
o (1) From the Java download page http://java.sun.com/products/archive/:
 Select a “JDK/JRE - 5.0” update version under “Java 2 Platform Standard
Edition (J2SE)”.
 Click on the “Download JRE” link to access to the download manager.
 Accept the license agreement and select the “Windows Offline
Installation” link to download the executable file.
o (2) From the archive “D6.1-4b-100-1.zip”, directory “java 1.5”.
 Double-click on the executable file j2re-1_5_0_<#>-windows-i586-p.exe to start
the installation process which is more or less automatic:
 Accepting the license agreement and choosing the typical setup option.
 Choosing a target directory which will be per default the “…/Program
Files/Java” directory (e.g. C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.5.0_<#>\).
Note: Keep in mind this Java 1.5 install directory which will be used during the JOGL library
installation:
Director
y:
b) Other Operating Systems
Installation instructions dedicated to Linux [7] and to Solaris [8] are available on the Java Sun
website. Support for downloading Java for Macintosh [9] is available on Apple official website.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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3.2.3
Test Java 1.5 Installation
Redo the few instructions detailed in chapter 3.2.1 to check the running Java version and be
sure to use the 1.5 version.
3.3
How to Install the JOGL Library?
The JOGL library provides Java bindings to OpenGL standard specification: in other words, it
provides interactive 2D and 3D graphics features to the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
Note: The JOGL has an update version number indicated with the following notation <#>.
Whatever the update version number you choose, it is compatible with the use of the FIRE
PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
3.3.1
Download and Install the JOGL Library
To get JOGL up and running, you need to download and unzip the JOGL archive for your
operating system. The archive file contains a “lib” directory, several text files and a user guide
in an html format. The “lib” directory contains two “.jar” files and four further files.
The JOGL library is the jogl.jar file which makes use of platform-specific libraries known as
native libraries. The four other files represent the native libraries that are different from one
operating system to the other.
Table 1: Content of the “lib” directory of each zip archives according to each operating system
Windows
Linux
º jogl.jar
º gluegen-rt.jar
.jar files
º
º
º
º
Natives
libraries
Macintosh
jogl.dll
jogl_awt.dll
jogl_cg.dll
gluegen-rt.dll
º
º
º
º
libjogl.so
libjogl_awt.so
libjogl_cg.so
libgluegen-rt.so
º
º
º
º
libjogl.jnilib
libjogl_awt.jnilib
libjogl_cg.jnilib
libgluegen-rt.jnilib
 Download the zip file from https://jogl.dev.java.net/#NIGHTLY by clicking the link
which corresponds to your operating system:
o Windows: x86 or AMD64
o Linux: x86 or AMD64
o Mac 06 10.4+
o Etc.
 Extract the zip file onto your computer – where your normal user account will have
read access (e.g. “C:\Program Files\JOGL\” for Windows).
Note: You can also use the requested zip file (Windows i586) from the given D6.1-4b100-1.zip archive file, directory “jogl library”.
3.3.2
Configure your Working Environment
In order to compile and run java code written to use the JOGL library, two environment
variables – PATH and CLASSPATH – have to be configured.
After unzipping the file:

The “CLASSPATH” environment variable will be modified to include the full paths
to the jogl.jar file.

The “PATH” environment variable (Windows), LD_LIBRARY_PATH (Linux), or
DYLD_LIBRARY_PATH (OS X) will be set to point to the entirety of the lib
folder (extracted from the zip file).
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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Note: Close and reopen running programs so that the new settings could take effect.
a) Windows NT, 2000, XP – The “CLASSPATH” variable
 Start your system panel (“Start > Control Panel > System”).
 Click on the “Advanced” tab and then on the “Environment variables” button.
 Look at the CLASSPATH variable in the “System variables”:
o If the CLASSPATH variable exists: edit its value by selecting it and click on the
“Set” button.
o If the CLASSPATH variable does not exist yet: click on the “New” button and type
“CLASSPATH” in the variable field.
 In
o
o
o
the “Value” field, type at the beginning the following:
the “ . ” symbol
the “ ; ” symbol
the
complete
path
to
the
“jogl.jar”
file
(e.g. “C:\Program
Files\JOGL\lib\jogl.jar”)
o
the “ ; ” symbol
o
the
complete
path
to
the
“gluegen-rt.jar”
file
(e.g. “C:\Program
Files\JOGL\lib\gluegen-rt.jar”)
For example:
“.;C:\Program Files\JOGL\lib\jogl.jar;C:\Program Files\JOGL\lib\gluegen-rt.jar”
 Click OK to complete that variable.
 Click “Apply Changes”.
b) Windows NT, 2000, XP – The “PATH” variable
 Start your system panel (“Start > Control Panel > System”).
 Click on the “Advanced” tab and then on the “Environment variables” button.
 Look at the “PATH” variable in the “System variables”:
o If the PATH variable exists: edit its value by selecting it and click on the “Set”
button.
o If the PATH variable does not exist yet: click on the “New” button and type “PATH”
in the variable field.
 In
o
o
o
o
o
the “Value” field, type at the beginning the following:
the “ . ” symbol
the “ ; ” symbol
the complete path to the “…/jre1.5.0_<#>/bin/” directory
the “ ; ” symbol
the complete path to the “…/JOGL/lib” directory.
For example:
“.;C:\Program Files\Java\jre1.5.0_<#>\bin;C:\Program Files\JOGL\lib”
 Click “OK” to complete that variable.
 Click “Apply Changes”.
c) Other Operating Systems
The setting up procedure for environment variables depends on the running operating systems.
Please refer to the following documentations for Linux or Solaris [11] and Macintosh [12].
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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3.4
How to Install the CAPSIS Platform?
CAPSIS is an open software platform which hosts a wide range of forests growth and dynamics
models. The “FireParadox” module, which has been developed within CAPSIS, corresponds to the
FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
Many other CAPSIS modules are existing but they are not released here. For further information,
consult the CAPSIS website.
Note: CAPSIS is available in French and English. To install CAPSIS in French, use the “-lfr”
option instead of “-len”, which stands for opening in English.
3.4.1
Download and Install the CAPSIS Platform
The “D6.1-4b-100-2.zip” archive file contains the “capsis4_fireparadox.zip” file.
 Extract the archive file somewhere in your computer.
Note: The install directory will be noted <install_directory> in this chapter (e.g.
“C:\Program Files” is the <install_directory> for Windows).
a) Windows
 Open a command window: select “Start > Programs > Accessories > Command
prompt (MS-Dos Prompt)” or “Start > Programs > Command prompt (MS-Dos
Prompt)” depending on your Windows version.
 Type in the terminal:
cd <install_directory>\capsis4_fireparadox\bin
install.bat -len

Figure 4: Command line to install CAPSIS in a Windows environment
e.g.: type “cd “Program Files”\capsis4_fireparadox\bin”.
Figure 5: CAPSIS install dialog window
 Click “OK” to install the FireParadox module.
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b) Linux
 Type the following instructions in a terminal:
cd <install_directory>/capsis4_fireparadox/bin
chmod +x *.sh
./install.sh -len
chmod +x capsis.sh
Figure 6: Command line to install CAPSIS in a Linux environment
3.4.2
Launch the CAPSIS Platform
Note: CAPSIS can be run in interactive mode with a multi-language user interface: use the
“-lfr” option for French and “-len” one for English.
a) Windows
 Open a command window: select “Start > Programs > Accessories > Command
prompt (MS-Dos Prompt)” or “Start > Programs > Command prompt (MS-Dos
Prompt)” depending on your Windows version.
 Type in the terminal:
cd <install_directory>\capsis4_fireparadox\bin
capsis.bat -len
Figure 7: Command line to launch CAPSIS in a Windows environment
 e.g.: type “cd “Program Files”\capsis4_fireparadox\bin”.
b) Linux
 Type the following instructions in a terminal:
cd <install_directory>/capsis4_fireparadox/bin
./capsis.sh -len
Figure 8: Command line to launch CAPSIS in a Linux environment
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4
USE OF THE FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER – OVERVIEW
In this chapter, an overview of the CAPSIS platform is first presented. Then, the way to use
available functionalities of the FireParadox module is described.
4.1
4.1.1
Screen Layouts
CAPSIS Screen Layout
Menu bar
Project name (‘Demo’) and Module name (‘FireParadox’)
Steps: root (0a) and treatment (*0a)
Stand Viewer,
Data displayer
View Panel
Figure 9: CAPSIS main window
General conventions are used in the CAPSIS user windows. The screen layout is composed of
several areas:
4.1.2

The menu bar allows access to the CAPSIS functionalities: new project creation,
etc.

An area gives a general overview of the current project: project name and its
associated module are indicated. The simulation history memorizes the root step
and others which result from growth evolutions or silvicultural treatments. Each
step has a date and holds a snapshot of the stand at this date, calculated by the
red model.

The left area presents all extensions of the platform that are compatible with the
module: charts, graphs, maps, etc.

The bottom-right space displays data according to the selected extension.
Module FireParadox Screen Layout
The main window of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER is divided into several functionally
independent regions.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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Menu Bar
Camera
Toolbar
Real
Time
Panel
3D View Panel
Scene
Modification
Functionalities
User right profile
Pattern Designer
Command Buttons
Figure 10: Main window of the FPFM
a) Menu Bar
This area composed of graphical icons, is dedicated to vegetation scene functionalities:

Camera toolbar buttons perform a number of viewpoint motions interactively
“Orbit”
“Pan”
to
to
change
move
the
the
orbit
scene
point
vertically
of
and
view
horizontally
“Zoom” to increase or decrease the focus

Scene
modification
“Select”
to
“Move”
“Add”
to
to
object
an
add
object
an
object
to
“Polygon”
“Undo”
an
move
“Polyline”
“Remove”
select
functionalities:
draw
to
to
to
draw
remove
cancel
an
object
the
on
on
on
the
scene
the
scene
the
scene
a
polyline
a
polygon
on
the
last
scene
action
“Redo” to redo the last action
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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Note: All buttons, except “Polyline”, “Polygon”, “Add” and “Remove” are “sticky” buttons
for continuous selecting, panning, zooming, etc. The function of a sticky button you have
clicked on is remembered until you select another sticky button. If you select a non sticky
button such as the “remove” one after having selected an object; the FIRE PARADOX FUEL
MANAGER will still remember the previous sticky button function (the selected object is
removed and you can select other objects without having to click on “select” again).
b) 3D View Panel
In the middle of the window, the scene in 3D is displayed according to the current visualization
parameters.
c) Real Time Panel
The panel on the right is composed of several tabs which interact in real time with the 3D view
panel.

The “State” and “Selection” tabs display in real time information according to
the current scene.

The “Scene” tab permit to list and see all objects displayed on the screen
(terrain, grid, polygons, trees).

The “Renderering” tab permits to modify visualization settings: the scene
representation changes automatically.
d) Bottom Toolbar
At the bottom, various functionalities are available:

On the bottom left, a user right space permits to access to some functionalities
according to the user profile (EUROFORESTFUELS database management).

A “Patterns’ Editor” button allows access to the vegetation pattern designer.
 On the bottom right, a few command buttons are available.
o “Previous”/ “Next”: scene generation browsing.
o “OK”: validation of the vegetation scene; the FireParadox module is initialized.
o “Cancel”: the process is cancelled.
o “Help”: a user guide dedicated to the current window appears.
4.2
Keyboard Shortcuts
Keyboard shortcuts are indicated in square brackets: press simultaneously the combination of
keys to perform some tasks. This is a list of the most common keyboard shortcuts in the FIRE
PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
Please note that the [Escape] key close any CAPSIS window quickly; pay attention not to close
an important window by accident.
[Ctrl + N]
new CAPSIS project
[Escape]
close the window quickly
[Enter]
validate the window
[Shift + Mouse click]
multi-selection in selection mode
[Shift + Mouse hold down]
pan function in orbit mode
[Ctrl + Z]
cancel last action
[Ctrl + Y]
redo last action
[Alt + R]
orbit
[Alt + T]
pan
[Alt + Z]
zoom
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[Alt + S]
selection
[Alt + E]
move
[Alt + A]
add
[Alt + L]
polyline
[Alt + P]
polygon
[Alt + Del]
remove
4.3
Program Help
Help buttons are available in the different dialog boxes in order to assist the user while working.
Figure 11: Example of CAPSIS help screen: inspector panel
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5
5.1
VEGETATION SCENE CREATION
CAPSIS project creation
A project creation consists in initializing the root step of the FireParadox module under CAPSIS
platform; in other words in creating the initial planting set. All manipulative functionalities,
which are already available, will be loaded with this stage.
 Click in the menu bar of the CAPSIS interface “Project > New” or [Ctrl + N]. The
following dialog window will appear.
Figure 12: New project window
 Type a project name.
 Select the model to be linked: “FireParadox”
 Hit the “Initialize” button. Please refer to the chapter 5.2 for specific instructions.
Note: Please wait a few seconds until obtaining the following instruction “*******
getSpeciesList () is over ********” in your terminal, which is behind the CAPSIS
interface: the list of species contained in the database has been downloaded in CAPSIS for
further use.
 Confirm by clicking “OK”.
5.2
Vegetation scene creation
Several creation modes for generating a vegetation scene are currently available throughout the
user interface (Figure 13):

From vegetation inventories: load an input file (database or detailed).

From field parameters: create a scene based on stand level characteristics.

From scratch: create an empty scene.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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
Figure 13: Scene generation window
The scene generation resulting from these different options, are detailed in the next chapters.
5.3
From a database inventory
This option enables to generate a vegetation scene by loading an inventory file which contains
only vegetation objects known in the EUROFORESTFUELS database. The inventory file describes
each vegetation object throughout its “ID” in the EUROFORESTFUELS database, and location. This
option requires a connection with the remote database since species, height and crown
dimensions are read for each fuel in the database before generating the scene. The inventory
file contains also a line describing the dimensions of the terrain. Using this option to generate a
vegetation scene will make possible the creation of export files necessary to run the fire
propagation model.
As example, an inventory file “dataBaseFile_fc.scene” (cf. Annex 13.1) is available in the
given CAPSIS archive and precisely in the “capsis4_fireparadox\data\fireparadox”
directory. The file describes 48 trees.
 Select the “Database inventory” option of the scene generation window.
 Click on the “Browse” button and select the “dataBaseFile_fc.scene” file in the
“<install_directory>\capsis4_fireparadox\data\fireparadox” directory (e.g.
“C:\Program Files\capsis4_fireparadox\data\fireparadox”).
 Click on the “Generate the scene” to display the resulting scene.
5.4
From a detailed Inventory File
A detailed inventory file can be loaded: it describes each vegetation object in details throughout
its species, crown dimensions and location. It doesn’t require an access to the EUROFORESTFUELS
database because it doesn’t contain vegetation object “ID” of the database.
5.4.1
For Viewing Only
This sub option is planned when user doesn’t need to run an export of the vegetation scene to
be able to run the fire behaviour model. It enables to display on the vegetation scene a wider
range of vegetation objects than those stored in the EUROFORESTFUELS database.
As example, an inventory file “Lamanon_Mixed.scene” (cf. Annex 13.1) is available in the given
CAPSIS archive and precisely in the “capsis4_fireparadox\data\fireparadox” directory. The
file describes 48 trees.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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 Select the “From an Inventory” and “For viewing only” options of the scene
generation window.
 Click on the “Browse” button and select the “Lamanon_Mixed.scene” file in the
“<install_directory>\capsis4_fireparadox\data\fireparadox” directory (e.g.
“C:\Program Files\capsis4_fireparadox\data\fireparadox”).
 Click on the “Generate the scene” to display the resulting scene.
Figure 14: Scene creation from an inventory file
5.4.2
For Matching with Database
This sub option is not available yet. It will be necessary when user will finally need to create an
export of the vegetation scene to be able to run the fire behaviour model. As the inventory file
doesn’t contain vegetation object “ID” of the EUROFORESTFUELS database, the loading procedure
will match each vegetation object with the most similar object present in the database.
5.5
From Field Parameters
This option is not available yet. It will be useful to generate automatically a vegetation scene,
given some indications describing its structure and composition ( e.g. list of dominant species
with specific heights and covers).
5.6
From Scratch
An empty scene can be generated by giving the dimensions of the terrain.
 Select the “From scratch” option of the scene generation window.
 Type the required dimensions (m) of the terrain in the “Length” and “Width” fields.
 Click on the “Next” button (next to the dimension fields) to display the empty scene.
Figure 15: Scene creation from scratch
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6
VEGETATION SCENE MODIFICATION
Vegetation scene modification includes the selection, add and remove functionalities.
6.1
Selection
Individual and group selection techniques of vegetation objects are possible throughout the 3D
view panel in clicking with the mouse.
Selected vegetation objects appear with a red bounding box; selected terrain object is displayed
in rose and the selected grid object in red.
Figure 16: Vegetation
objects selection
Figure 17: Terrain object
selection
Figure 18: Grid object
selection
Note: While a selection is active, functionalities are effective only inside the selection.
6.1.1
Individual or Multiple Selection
All type of objects visible on the scene can be selected: vegetation objects (tree, shrub, grass),
polygons, polylines, grid and terrain.
 Click on the “Select” button of the Menu Bar.
 For simple selection, click with the left-mouse button on desired vegetation objects.
This action deselects all previously selected objects.
 For a multi-selection, hold down the [Ctrl] key while clicking with the left-mouse
button on objects.
 For a selection of objects within a drawn area on the scene: move your mouse while
clicking with the left-mouse button and draw a rectangle including the group of
objects that you want to select.
6.1.2
Selection with the Scene Inspector
 Click on the “Scene” tab of the “Real Time Panel”. All object visible on the scene
will appears in the inspector.
 For simple selection, click with the left-mouse button on desired vegetation objects.
This action deselects all previously selected objects.
 For a multi-selection, hold down the [Ctrl] key while clicking with the left-mouse
button on objects.
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Figure 19: List of objects in the
scene inspector
Figure 20: Multi-selection of trees with scene inspector
6.1.3
Unselection
Hold down the [Ctrl] key while clicking with the left-mouse button on vegetation objects that
you want to unselect.
At any time the undo button, permit to cancel last actions, even selections.
6.2
Adding
An interactive mode permits to add objects on the scene. This chapter focuses on the way to
display vegetation objects on the vegetation scene, and on the way to add figures as polygons
or polylines. Layers cannot be displayed on the vegetation scene so far.
Figure 21: Dialog window for adding a vegetation object in the scene
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The interface is divided into two areas dedicated to the selection of “what to add” (“items
choice” frame) and the definition of “how to add” (“spatialisation” frame).
6.2.1
Vegetation Objects Selection
Two drop-down lists permit to indicate the object item to add: a Fire Paradox vegetation object.
Three criteria – species, crown height and crown diameter – are displayed to help the user in its
research. A table displays available vegetation objects according to the criteria. The table
contains four columns dedicated to the species, crown height, crown base height and crown
diameter.
 Select the “FireParadox tree” item in the first drop-down list.
 Select “FireFuel” in the second drop-down list.
 Select a value in desired drop-down lists, the fuels’ list will be automatically
refreshed.
 Click on a fuel for selection.
6.2.2
Planting Process
The planting process is the way to display vegetation objects on the vegetation scene. After
having selected a vegetation object, it is necessary to specify its location, its clone number and
its planting structure.
Three modes for spatial display of vegetation objects on the scene are currently available –
“Interactive planting”, “Planting Patterns” and “Along a line” – to obtain different
vegetation scene structures.
a) Interactive Planting
This option enables to locate trees directly on the scene, with the mouse.
When this option is activate, one vegetation object
will be planted for each click on the scene.
It is possible to deactivate this option, for selecting
functionality or any other object on the scene.
Figure 22: Dialog window for
interactive planting process
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b) Planting Patterns
This function permits to display a set of vegetation objects following a given pattern (the entire
terrain or a selected polygon).
A set of items (“Number of items”),
representing the vegetation objects, can be
displayed on the scene.
In a further version, indicating a cover
percentage to be reached for each vegetation
object will be a considered option.
Two vegetation structures can be simulated:
randomly or regular (“in squares”).
The options using triangle or rectangle pattern
to locate vegetation objects are not available
yet.
Figure 23: Dialog
following a pattern
window
Figure 24: Adding objects
within a polygon randomly
for
planting
Figure 25: Adding objects
within the terrain randomly
Figure 26: Adding objects
within the terrain with a
square pattern
c) Along a Line
This function permits to plant vegetation objects along a line according to spatial parameters.
A line can be a polyline or the contour of a polygon.
A “number of items” or a “density” per meter can be
displayed on the scene.
“Absence probability” enables to specify a rate of
exceptions in the planting process.
“Alea” is the maximum distance that is permitted between
the selected line and the effective location of the planted
object.
Figure 27: Dialog window for
planting along a line
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Figure 28: Planting object along a line
(polygon)
6.2.3
Figure 29: Planting object along a line
(polyline)
Adding a Polygon or a Polyline
It is possible to add vegetation objects (individual plants) within or along a polyline or a
polygone. The application offers tools to add polylines or polygones on the scene.
“Polyline” to draw a polyline
“Polygon” to draw a polygon
Click on the right icon and draw the figure with you mouse.
A double click enables to end the drawing. For a polygon, the figure will be closed
automatically.
Figure 30: Drawing a polyline
6.3
Figure 31: Drawing a polygon
Updating
The scene structure can be modified by moving vegetation objects on the scene. Several
vegetation objects can be moved simultaneously thanks to a multi-selection process.
Silvicultural treatments, in other word the modification of the vegetation structure on a
predefined scheme (trees thinning, brush clearing, etc.), are not available yet.
6.3.1
Moving Functionality
 Select vegetation object(s) to be moved.
 Click on the “Move” button of the Menu Bar.
 Hold down the left-mouse button while moving the cursor to the target location.
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Figure 32: Movement of a pre-selected vegetation object
6.3.2
Deleting Functionality
The suppression is available on pre-selected vegetation objects.
 Select vegetation object(s) you want to delete.
 Click on the “Remove” button of the Menu Bar or press the [Del] key.
Figure 33: Removal of pre-selected vegetation objects
Note: Use the [Ctrl + Z] shortcut to cancel an accidental suppression.
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7
7.1
VEGETATION SCENE VISUALISATION
Viewpoint Motions
View motion functions allow the user to interactively rotate, zoom and pan the vegetation
scene.
Note: x-axis (horizontal) as direction of fire propagation, z-axis as vertical direction and yaxis as the depth of the scene.
7.1.1
Orbit Functionality
3D orbit motion permits to change the user viewpoint while keeping the target scene fixed.
 Click on the “Orbit” button of the Menu Bar.
 Hold down the left-mouse button and drag in the 3D view panel:
 Drag up/down to rotate the scene around the x-axis.
 Drag left/right to rotate around the z-axis.
Figure 34: Angular, side and bird’s eye views obtained by orbit view motion
7.1.2
Zoom Functionality
The zoom function moves the viewpoint either further from (zoom out) or closer to (zoom in)
the vegetation scene. Two ways are available:
 Click on the “Zoom” button of the Menu Bar.
 Hold down the left-mouse button and drag in the 3D view panel:
 Drag up to zoom out
 Drag down to zoom in.
or
 Click on the “Orbit” button of the Menu Bar.
 Hold down the [Ctrl] key and drag up or down.
Figure 35: Zoom in
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7.1.3
Pan Functionality
The pan functionality is useful to crop the view as it moves the scene while keeping the
viewpoint fixed. Two ways are available:
 Click on the “Pan” button of the Menu Bar.
 Hold down the left-mouse button and drag the cursor in the desired direction.
or
 Click on the “Orbit” button of the Menu Bar.
 Hold down the [Shift] key and drag the cursor in the desired direction.
Figure 36: Pan movement
7.2
Object Renderers
Objects (terrain, grid and vegetation objects) of the vegetation scene can be visualized in
different ways thanks to several renderers.
As any renderers are in fact CAPSIS extensions, the FireParadox module needs only to match an
extension to be able to use it. So, “Bounding Boxes”, “Lollypops” and “Grid” renderers are
used as they were released in CAPSIS; it implies to adapt some functionalities to the FIRE
PARADOX FUEL MANAGER requirements. On the contrary, the “Pattern Sketcher” renderer was
especially developed for the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER purposes.
7.2.1
Renderers Dialog Windows
Renderers can be user-configured in the “Rendering” tab of the “Real Time Panel”. The tab
is composed of two frames:

The “Renderers list” at the top displays all objects (terrain, grid and
vegetation objects) which are contained in the scene with an associated render.

The “Settings pane” permits to edit settings which are specific to each kind of
render. For instance, if vegetation objects are displayed with the lollypop render,
the user can change the settings for the crown representation.
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Renders List
Settings Pane
Figure 37: Object renders panel
 Right-click on an object item of the “Renders’ list” to change its current render
with one of the available ones.
 In the corresponding “Settings pane”, you can modify its parameters.
7.2.2
Object Render Compatibility
Four different renders are available and compatible with one or several objects of the scene.
The first three are available to give a virtual representation of vegetation objects in 3D.
Vegetation objects are displayed in a symbolic way which ranges from simple shapes to
advanced representations.
Note: The so-called “DTM” render corresponds in fact to the “Bounding Boxes” one. The
creation of an extension dedicated to load and display a Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is
planned at long term; it won’t be released in the final version. As soon as a “DTM” extension
will be created and compatible with the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER, it will be possible to
display a DTM on the scene.
Table 2: Compatibility between scene objects and available renders
Objects
Renders
Bounding Boxes
Grid
Lollypops
Fuel Pattern Sketcher
7.2.3
Vegetation
Terrain
Grid
X
“DTM”
X
X
X
X
Bounding Boxes Render
A bounding box is a rectangular graphics volume used to improve the efficiency of geometrical
operations. This simple render can be applied to all objects (vegetation, grid and terrain) of a
vegetation scene.
Applied to vegetation objects, a bounding box is the tightest rectangle containing it.
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Figure 38: Bounding boxes render applied to the whole set of objects
7.2.4
Grid Render
The “Grid” render is a CAPSIS extension which is useful as benchmark.
Figure 39: Grid render settings
The “Settings panel” contains different options:

“Centered on”: to modify the centre of the grid

“Grid color”: set a colour to the grid.

“Grid size”: the value corresponds to a number of cell ranks from the grid
origin.

“Cell size”: in meter.

Figure 40: Grid size (10) x cell size (10), centred on the origin
Figure 41: Grid size (10) x cell size (5), centred on a tree
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7.2.5
Lollypops Render
The “settings pane” dedicated to the “Lollypops” render is a CAPSIS extension and is not fully
adapted to the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER yet.
That’s why, just pay attention to the following frames in order to modify the rendering scene:
a) “Trunk” frame
 Tick/untick the “Visible” check box to respectively let the crowns visible or
invisible. A colour can be set.
 Fill in a size in the “Magnify” field and validate by pressing the [Enter] key to
enlarge more or less trunks.
b) “Crown” frame
 Tick/untick the “Visible” check box to respectively let the trunks visible or invisible.
A colour can be set in the same way as for trunks.
c) “Rendering” frame
 Choose the “Filled” option to display a solid object which looks like opaque with
shading effects.
 Choose the “Outline” option to see a wire frame object: the object structure is
drawn and it looks transparent.
Figure 42: Lollypops
Figure 43: Outline
Figure 45: Magnified trunks
Figure 46: Invisible trunks
7.2.6
Figure 44: Lollypops
Settings
Pattern Sketcher Render
A “Pattern Sketcher” render has been created especially for the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
Dedicated to vegetation objects, this render permits to visually differentiate categories of
vegetation objects using geometric forms and colours. Please refer to the specific “Patterns’
Editor” (chapter 10) to know more about editable functions.
Various geometric shapes of the tree crowns may be used to display various tree species or
different height classes of the same species. A colour setting enables further details in
vegetation classification display.
The “Settings pane” dedicated to the “Pattern Sketcher” render is divided into two main
panels.
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a) “Colours” frame
This frame contains four options and a table. According to each option, the table content differs
and the user can set colours to different targets. Setting colours in function of criteria permits
to visually analyse the scene (chapter 8).

“One colour” option: set a unique colour to all vegetation objects of the scene

“By taxon” option: set different colours for each taxon of the scene.

“By height threshold (m)” option: set a colour to shape patterns according to
a height threshold. Fill in a value in the corresponding field and validate by
pressing the [Enter] key.

“By fire damage level” option: set a colour to each identified fire damage
level.
b) “Rendering” frame
This frame reused similar functionalities – visible/invisible and filled/outline options – as for the
lollypop render. Two additional options are proposed:
 Untick the “Flat” option to display shading effects.
 The “Light” option permits to switch on/off the light which illuminates the scene.
The use of this parameter is dedicated to the fire damage visualisation; please refer
to chapter 8.4 for further details.
Color
panel
Rendering
panel
Figure 47: Pattern Sketcher Render options
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8
VEGETATION SCENE ANALYSIS
Descriptive analysis is available in the “Real Time Panel” on the right side of the FIRE PARADOX
FUEL MANAGER main window (Figure 10). Analysis can be made on the whole set of vegetation
objects or limited to a subset. In addition, visual analysis refers to different displays of the
vegetation objects in the 3D panel.
In addition to relevant statistics, vegetation scene screenshots will give a visual overview of the
vegetation scene.
8.1
Descriptive Analysis on the whole set of Vegetation Objects
The “State” tab of the “Real Time Panel” is dedicated to the analysis of the whole set of
vegetation objects. The aim is to display in real time indicators relative to the vegetation scene
composition and structure. It aims at helping user to follow-up the construction of the scene
and to compare its current state to initial objectives: cover, presence of dominant species, etc.
Figure 48: Descriptive analysis, State panel
Figure 48 shows four zones in “State” tab dedicated respectively to the whole set of
vegetation objects (“General”), and the various vegetation strata – “Tree strata”, “Shrub
strata” and “Herbaceous strata”.
The indicators implementation has still to be finished:
8.2

“Total cover (%)” and “Cover (%)”: not available yet.

“Maximum height (m)” e.g. the highest vegetation object reaches 15 m.

“Number” of vegetation objects e.g. 48 vegetation objects are present in the
scene.

“Dominant species”: list of dominant species; not available yet.

“Phytovolume”: not available yet.
Descriptive Analysis on Selected Vegetation Objects
Under the “Selection” tab in the “Real Time Panel”, two options permit to display
information on selected vegetation objects. The first one “State of selection” gives
summary data while the tool called “Inspector” displays detailed data on the selected object.
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Depending on the type of selected object, different viewers are available (for example Figure
51, shows a tree side viewer)
Figure 50: State of the selected objects
Figure 51: Tree side viewer
Figure 49: Tree inspector
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8.3
Visual Analysis
During the Pattern render development, some options were develop in addition such as setting
colours to shape patterns according to criteria species or height threshold.
11m
Figure 52: By height threshold
Figure 53: By species
Figures 49 and 50 show perspective and side views to display the vegetation scene in using:

two different colours for vegetation objects over and underneath 11 m.

two different colours according to the species criterion, Pinus halepensis and Quercus
ilex .
8.4
Effects of Fire Visualisation
Fire damage on vegetation objects has been mainly focused on fire-induced tree mortality.
Several fire impacts on trees crown and trunk have been defined and can be visualized at the
scene scale.
The process of extracting information related to fires impacts on trees from expert rules or from
fire simulation results has not been implemented so far. To date, height impacts on vegetation
objects are randomly assigned.
Figures 54: Fire impact windows by fire damage level
According to fire severity, several levels of heat impact can be visualized on tree crown and
trunk.
8.4.1
Crown Damages
Three levels of crown damages are classified:

“Crown”: green per default.

“Crown scorched height”: yellow per default.
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
8.4.2
“Crown killed height”: grey per default. The best display of this impact would
be transparent in order to represent the dead fuel but it is too much resource
consuming.
Bole Damages
Bark charring is shown on tree trunk with min. and max. heights.
8.5

“Trunk”: brown per default.

“Max trunk charred height”: dark per default.

“Min trunk charred height”: dark per default.
Visualisation Options
For pattern sketcher render, several visualisation options are available:

Trunk visible (Yes/No)

Crown visible (Yes/No)

Crown filled or outlined

Crown flat (Yes/No)

Light (Yes/No)
Figure 55: Various visualisations options
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9
FIRE MODELS EXPORTATION
One of the main objectives of the application is to automatically build input files for both 2D and
3D fire behaviour models. The software must enable to create and visualise input files based on
the selected scene for fire behaviour models and simulations.
The expected models are:

Firestar 2D

Firestar 3D

Firetec
At the moment, only the FIRETEC exportation is available under the CAPSIS interface.
9.1
FireTec Model
FIRETEC is a coupled atmospheric transport/wildfire behaviour model being developed at Los
Alamos National Laboratory, and is based on the principals of conservation of mass,
momentum, and energy. FIRETEC is a transport formulation that uses a compressible-gas
formulation to couple its physics based wildfire model with the motions of the local atmosphere.
This model is written in FORTRAN 77.
Linn RR (1997) ‘Transport model for Prediction of Wildfire Behaviour’. Los Alamos National
Laboratory, Scientific Report LA13334
FIRETEC model is using 4 input binary files:

treesrhof.dat: containing bulk densities (ρ)

treesss.dat: containing fuels thickness (2/σ)

treesmoist.dat: wet mass / dry mass

treesfueldepth.dat: fuels height in the mesh

SVR (Surface-to-Volume Ratio) = σ

MVR (Mass-to-Volume Ratio) = ρ

VF (Volume Fraction) = 
Where
The FIRETEC scene is defined by its dimensions and it’s cells size (generally 2m * 2m * 2m).
Under CAPSIS, each fuel on the FireParadox scene have a crown description with a cells size (25
cm * 25 cm * 25 cm).




FIRETEC cell
(2m * 2m * 2m)




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(0.25m * 0.25m * 0.25m)
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9.2
Exportation procedure
 When a vegetation scene is ready to be exported, click on “OK” on the main
interface of the Fire Paradox Fuel Manager (Figure 10). You are back to the project
creation screen of FireParadox model under CAPSIS.
 Click on “OK” again.
On the main CAPSIS interface, you can see the initial root step of your project, containing your
initial scene.
 Left click on this root step
 Select “Export”.
Figure 56: EXPORT choice on CAPSIS main interface
 Choose the “FireTec MonoFuel Export” format in the list.
 Choose a target folder name to store the exportation files results.
 “Browse” button enables to explore your computer hard disk.
 Click on “OK”.
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Figure 57: Export format and folder name choice
 Enter FireTec mesh and voxels sizes for X and Y axes.
 Enter FireTec number of voxels on Z axe.
 Click on “1 Mesh calculation”.
Results of
the step 1
Figure 58: FireTec Export Interface
 When the STEP 1 is finish, enter default values for MVR, SVR and MC parameters
 Click on “2. Execute”
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Progress status
bar for step 2
Figure 59: FireTec Export Interface (Progress status bar)
 When the STEP 2 is finish, the progress status bar reaches 100%.
 Click on “3. File generation”.
 A “Control including” check box permits to have a visual control on the FireTec
mesh merging with crown description grids.
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10 PATTERNS’ EDITOR
The crown Patterns Editor enables to create shape patterns and to assign those typical crown
profiles to groups of vegetation objects. Three criteria are taken into account – taxon, height
and environment (openness: open/closed environment) – to constitute groups of vegetation
objects. Crown overall structure depends strongly on these three criteria.
 Click on the “Patterns’ Editor” button in the “bottom toolbar” to access the
Patterns’ Editor and its functionalities (please note that it takes a few seconds to
open the Patterns’ Editor for the first time).
10.1 Screen Layout
The Patterns’ Editor main interface gives an overview of available associations between criteria
and shape patterns. Advanced functionalities can be accessed throughout the different areas of
this dialog window.
Note: Several interfaces deals with shape patterns; an overview of links is displayed in
Annex 13.2.
Association
Criteria
Function Buttons
Associations
Criteria – Shape Pattern
Administrator owner
Client owner
Selection
User Profile
Information
Previewer
Pattern List
Display Function
Reset Function
Figure 60: Main window of the Patterns’ Editor
a) Frame “Filter”
This frame permits to sort all available associations with the three criteria: taxon, height interval
and environment. Check a box in front of a criterion to filter the associations.
The “Taxa” drop down list contains all taxa stored in the EUROFORESTFUELS
database.
o Select a genus or species to sort associations which mentioned it.
o Check the “Strict” box to make a search on association with the right taxon.
o Unchecking it lets the search performed on the right taxon and less taxonomic
level (e.g. criteria = Quercus; associations with Quercus and related species are
searched – Quercus ilex, etc.).


The “Height interval (m)” contains two fields dedicated to the inferior and
superior limits of an interval, respectively inclusive and rejected values.
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o
o
o

Fill in a value as inferior limit to search all associations which is higher.
Fill in a value as superior limit to search all associations which is lower.
Fill in values as inferior and superior limits to search all associations which height
is included in the specified interval.
Note that associations with no specified height interval display all the possible
results.
The “Environment” drop down list contains two values: open and closed.
b) Frame “Criteria/Pattern links”

Table
This frame displays available associations between criteria and shape patterns. Each line of the
table is an association: the first three columns correspond to the criteria and the last one
indicates the associated shape pattern name.
Colours are used in the table to represent the associations and shape patterns owner: grey for
“administrator” and white for “client”. The blue corresponds to the default colour system to
show the current selection.
Associations of the table can be sorted by column entitled by clicking on.

Buttons
Manipulative functionalities are available throughout the “Add”, “Remove” and “Modify” buttons.
o
o
o
Create an association: refer to chapter 10.2.1.
Update an association: refer to chapter 10.2.2.
Delete an association: refer to chapter 10.2.3.
c) Frame “Preview”
A preview of the selected shape pattern is displayed at the right side of the interface. Inferior
and superior areas are displayed as well as the dimensions of each crown diameter.
A problem subsists in the shape pattern proportions: as the crown is expressed in percentage; it
should be a cube and remain a cube when the window is re-size computer.
d) User Profile Information
At the bottom left of the window the “Client” or “Admin” terms are displayed to inform on the
current user profile mode.
e) Reset function
Please refer to chapter for further explanations on the “Reset” button at the bottom left of the
window.
f)
Patterns’ List
At the bottom right of the window, a “Patterns’ List” button permits to have access to a
dialog window dedicated to available shape patterns; refer to chapter 10.3.1.
10.2 Association: Shape Pattern linked to a Group of Vegetation Objects
A shape pattern is supposed to be created in the purpose of being used by a group of
vegetation objects. That’s why criteria are specified in a first time to identify a collection of
vegetation objects for which a shape pattern is then assigned.
According to the taxon, height and environment criteria, each vegetation object should have a
reference shape pattern.
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The dialog window designed to associate criteria to a shape pattern is composed of three areas:

The “Criteria” area displays the three criteria which can be filled in.

The “Patterns” area offers three options to choose a shape pattern.

The “Preview” area is the same as described in the previous dialog box.
Figure 61: Add and update association window
10.2.1 Create an Association
 It is forbidden to create similar associations using the same taxon, height intervals and
openness.
 Click on the “Add” button of the Patterns’ Editor main window.
 Fill in the right criteria. The “Taxon” one is mandatory.
 Associate a shape pattern to the criteria:
 An existing one: select an available shape pattern in the drop down list.
 A new one: click on the “Create” button to create a new shape pattern;
 A clone one: select an available shape pattern in the drop down list and click
the “Clone and edit” button. This option is useful to create a new shape
pattern based on an existing one.
 Validate by clicking “Confirm”; the new association is added to the table.
10.2.2 Update an Association
Updating an association consists in updating the criteria and/or updating the associated shape
pattern. Those modifications imply to take into account the same coherence rules as for a new
association.
 Select an association in the table.
 Click on the “Modify” button of the Patterns’ Editor main interface to open the same
window as for adding an association. The parameters of the selected association are
already filled in and can be modified.
 Validate your changes by clicking the “Confirm” button.
10.2.3 Remove an Association
Associations can be removed by two ways:
a) “Remove” button
 Select an association in the table.
 Click on the “Remove” button of the Patterns’ Editor main interface to delete the
current association. A confirmation is asked to the user before really removing the
association.
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b) “Reset” button
At the bottom left of the interface, the “Reset” button permits to delete all “client” associations.
10.3 Shape Patterns
10.3.1 Shape Patterns Dialog Windows
Two dialog windows enable to manage shape patterns. The first one permits to describe a
shape pattern and the second one lists all available shape patterns.
Figure 62: Shape patterns edition window
Figure 63: List of available shape patterns
a) Shape Patterns’ List Window:

“Patterns’ List” frame
o A list of available shape patterns is displayed. In grey are displayed shape
patterns managed by administrator (“Admin”) profile; in white are those
created during a “Client” mode session.
o The “Remove patterns” button permits to delete a pre-selected shape pattern.
o The “Edit patterns” button permits to modify the shape pattern description.

The “Preview” frame, displayed on the right side of the window, gives an
overview of the selected shape pattern.

The “Reset” button permits to delete all “Client” associations both in a
“Client” and in an “Admin” modes.
b) Shape Pattern Edition Window:

The “Information” frame contains several data to identify clearly each shape
pattern:
o A “Key” as a single identifying.
o A “Name” composed of an alias – if any, a shape pattern number and some
information on crown diameters (e.g. “JUNI-15-30-s80” means that the alias is
JUNI; the pattern number is 15; the max diameter height is at 30% of the crown
height and an intermediate diameter is set at 80% of the superior area).
o An optional “Alias” can be given to each shape pattern for a better readability.

The “Max diameter height” field contains the max diameter height. Per default,
it is set at 50% of the crown height.

“Superior diameters” and “Inferior diameters” frames are structured in the
same way:
o Two fields are dedicated to set the intermediate diameter parameters: the
diameter height position in the crown (%) and its length proportionately to the
max diameter.
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o
o
o
The “Add” button permits to create the new diameter according to its
parameters.
A table summarizes all intermediate diameters.
The “Remove” button permits to delete a pre-selected intermediate diameter.

A “Preview” frame is displayed on the right side of the window to give an
overview of the shape pattern during its construction.

The “Reset” button permits to reset the parameters as it was at the beginning
(without warning).
10.3.2 Create a Shape Pattern
A shape pattern can only be created during the creation process of an association.
 Click on the “Create” button.
 Give an alias (optional) to the shape pattern. The key and name data are
automatically generated.
 Modify the max diameter height and press the [Enter] key to validate.
 Add intermediate diameter in the superior and/or inferior areas of the crown by
filling in the corresponding parameters. Click on the “Add” button or press the
[Enter] key to validate. The table is automatically refreshed. Columns of the table
are editable in double-clicking values; press the [Enter] key to validate.
 Press the “Ok” button to validate the shape pattern description.
10.3.3 Update a Shape Pattern
Knowing first the shape pattern to update, go to the right interface throughout the one
displaying all shape patterns.
 Click on the “Edit patterns” button to open the same interface as for a shape
pattern creation.
 Modify all the necessary parameters (alias, intermediate diameter dimensions, etc.)
and validate by clicking the “Ok” button.
10.3.4 Delete a Shape Pattern
 A pattern shape can’t be suppressed if it is used in an association.
From the “Patterns’ list” window, shape patterns can be removed by two ways:
a) “Remove Pattern” button
 Select a shape pattern in the list.
 Click on the “Remove Patterns” button to delete the selected shape pattern.
Validate the confirmation dialog box..
b) “Reset” button
At the bottom left of the interface, the “Reset” button permits to delete all “client” shape
patterns both in a “Client” and in an “Admin” modes.
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11 EUROFORESTFUELS DATABASE MANAGER
Data related to fuel descriptions are stored in the EUROFORESTFUELS database currently
implemented by P13-WSL partner. This database is currently located on WLS servers in
Switzerland, and will be located in a near future on P05-EFI server in Finland. EUROFORESTFUELS
database will be a facility of the FIREINTUITION platform. Wherever the location of the database
is, FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER needs a remote access to it through out an Internet connection.
A set of dialog windows have been implemented to manage the interactions between the
EUROFORESTFUELS Database and the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER.
11.1 Database Connection and User Rights
For security reasons, the database manager access is protected by login and password.
Three different right levels have been created:

Super administrator: creation and suppression rights.

Administrator: modification rights.

Visitor: consultation rights only.
Figure 64: EUROFORESTFUELS database connection
To access the database manager menu, enter your login and password at the bottom on the
main FireParadox “Scenes’ editor” interface. Click on the “Connection” button.
11.2 Available functionalities: main menu
EUROFORESTFUELS database aims at storing different categories of fuels that can be displayed in
FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER for building vegetation scenes. Three fuel categories are considered:

Fuel samples

Fuel plants

Fuel layers.
Note that these fuel categories may be either virtual or measured.
Fuels descriptions are provided by teams (mostly Fire Paradox partners) and are carried out in
the field on sites that can be geographically located. “Team” and “Site” are two levels of fuel
data organization stored in the database.
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Fuel plant: vegetation object
Measured plant: vegetation object corresponding to a real plant measured in the
field.
Virtual plant: vegetation object not corresponding to real plant measured in the field.
It may differ either by its shape, by the distribution of cubes within its shape, by the
values of one or several fuel parameters (e.g. mean of several samples).
Fuel layer: collection of individual plants, closely grouped and difficult to describe separately,
forming a layer generally much more wide than high. A fuel layer is described as a single
vegetation object and has almost the same properties than an individual plant. Quercus
coccifera shrubland is a typical fuel layer.
Height
Fuel sample: sample of fuel of a lower level than a vegetation object (individual plant). One or
several fuel samples are necessary to build a vegetation object (Figure 65). Fuel sampling is
generally carried out with the so called “cube” method, collecting fuel in elementary volumes of
25 cm side. Consequently a typical fuel sample is a 25 cm x 25 cm x 25 cm cube, although it
may have other dimensions. A fuel sample may be collected by field destructive measurements
(measured), or calculated.
Top
VF
VF
VF
Centre
VF
VF
VF
Base
VF
VF
VF
Diameter
Vegetation object
Distribution of fuel
samples in a
vegetation object
Three fuel samples types used to build
the vegetation object
Figure 65: A measured or virtual vegetation object built with 3 types of fuel samples
Figure 66: EUROFORESTFUELS database manager main menu
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11.3 Teams’ Editor
A Team is a Fire Paradox partner involved in fuel description field and laboratory works.
11.3.1 Teams’ List
All team objects stored in the database appear in a list. This list contains the team name and
the mention if the team is deleted or not.
Control buttons are:
 “Modify”: to modify an existing
team
 “Add”: to add a new team (only
available for super
administrators)
 “Delete/Undelete”: to delete
or undelete an existing team
(only available for super
administrators)
Figure 67: Database teams’ list
 “Close”: to close the window
 “Help”: to get help about this
screen
11.3.2 Create or Update a Team
► To create a new team, click on the “Add” button.
► To modify a team, select the team in the list and click on the “Modify” button.
Control buttons are:
 “Save in the database”: to
modifications and close the window
save
 “Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close
the window
 “Help”: to get help about this screen
Note that “Team code” field is compulsory.
Figure 68: Team creation or modification
screen
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11.3.3 Delete a Team
► To delete a team, select it in the team list and click on “Delete/Undelete”.
► When the team data appears on the teams’ editor screen, click on “Delete in the
database”.
The team object won’t be physically deleted in the database, it will be only logically deactivated.
Figure 69: Team delete screen
11.3.4 Undelete a Team
► To undelete a team, select it in the teams’ list and click on “Delete/Undelete”.
► When the team data appears on the teams’ editor screen, click on “Undelete in the
database”.
Figure 70: Team undelete screen
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11.4 Sites’ Editor
A Site is the location where destructive fuel sampling has been carried out to characterize
individual plant or particle fuel properties.
11.4.1 Sites’ List
All site objects stored in the database appear in a list. This list contains the country, the
municipality, the site code and the mention if the site is deleted or not.
Figure 71: Database sites’ list
For research purposes, the sites’ list can be restricted with a country or a municipality selection
in the “Research criteria” frame.
Control buttons are:

“Modify”: to modify an existing site.

“Add”: to add a new site (only available for super administrators).

“Delete/Undelete”: to delete or undelete an existing site (only available for
super administrators).

“Close”: to close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.4.2 Create or Update a Site
► To create a new site, click on the “Add” button.
► To modify a site, select it in the sites’ list and click on the “Modify” button.
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Figure 72: Site creation or modification screen
Data verifications before validation are:

“Site code” is compulsory.

“Municipality” is compulsory.

“Latitude” has to be numerical and between 0 and 360 degrees.

“Longitude” has to be numerical and between 0 and 90 degrees.

“Altitude” has to be numerical.

“Slope value” has to be numerical and between 0 and 360 degrees.

“Aspect value” has to be numerical and between 0 and 360 degrees.
Available values for “Topographic position” are:

Summit

HighSlope

MidSlope

LowSlope

ValleyBottom

Plateau
Available values for “Slope type” are:

Flat

Weak

Steep

Variable
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Available values for “Aspect class” are:

N

NE

E

SE

S

SW

W

NW

PLAIN
Available values for “Last perturbation” are:

Fire

Wildfire

WildfireCrown

WildfireGround

WildfireSurface

Avalanche

Chipping

Clearcut

Ditching_Draining

FireExclusion

Flood

Grazing

IceStorm

Insects_and_Disease

Introduction_Exotic

Landslide

LoggingMethods

Lop_and_Scatter

Mastication

Paving

PileBurn

PrescribedFire

Pruning

Residual_Fertilizer

RestorationWork

SalvageLogging

SelectionCut

StumpWooding

Thinning
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
Turpenting

Windthrow

MechanicalTreatment

OpeningUp

BushClearing

Reseeding

Fertilization

Maintainance

Sylviculture

UndefinedTreatment

None
Control buttons are:

“Municipality” editor: to add or to modify a municipality.

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.4.3 Delete a Site
► To delete a site, select it in the sites list and click on “Delete/Undelete”.
► When the site data appears on the “Sites’ editor” screen, click on the “Delete in
the database” button.
The object won’t be physically deleted in the database, it will be only logically deactivated.
11.4.4 Undelete a Site
► To undelete a site, select it in the sites’ list and click on the “Delete/Undelete” button.
► When the site data appears on the “Sites’ editor” screen, click on the “Undelete
in the database” button.
11.4.5 Municipalities’ List
The municipality is a parameter included in the site description. In most countries, a
municipality is the smallest administrative subdivision to have its own democratically elected
representative leadership. All municipality objects stored in the database appear in a list. This
list contains the country, the municipality name and the mention if the municipality is deleted or
not.
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Figure 73: Database municipalities’ list
For research purposes, the municipalities’ list can be restricted with a country selection in the
“Searching criteria” frame.
Control buttons are:

“Modify”: to modify an existing municipality.

“Add”: to add a new municipality (only available for super administrators).

“Delete/Undelete”: to delete or undelete an existing municipality (only available
for super administrators).

“Close”: to close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.4.6 Create or Update a Municipality
► To create a new municipality, click on the “Add” button.
► To modify a municipality, select it in the municipalities’ list and click on the “Modify”
button.
Figure 74: Municipality creation or modification screen
Data verifications before validation are:

“Municipality name” is compulsory.

“Country” is compulsory.
Control buttons are:

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
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11.4.7 Delete a Municipality
► To delete a municipality, select the municipality in the list and click on the
“Delete/Undelete” button.
► When the municipality data appears on the municipalities’ editor screen, click on the
“Delete in the database” button.
The object won’t be physically deleted in the database, it will be only logically deactivated.
11.4.8 Undelete a Municipality
 To undelete a municipality, select the municipality in the municipalities’ list and click
on “Delete/Undelete”.
 When the municipality data appears on the municipalities’ editor screen, click on
“Undelete in the database”.
11.5 Fuel Editor (Fuel samples)
The Fuel Editor is a functionality of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER implemented to manipulate
three fuel categories: fuel samples, fuel plants and fuel layers. Fuel samples are sample of fuel
of a lower level than a vegetation object (individual plant). Fuel sampling is generally carried
out with the so called “cube” method, collecting fuel in elementary volumes of 25 cm side.
Consequently a typical fuel sample is a 25 cm x 25 cm x 25 cm cube, although it may have
other dimensions. A fuel sample may be collected by field destructive measurements
(measured), or calculated.
11.5.1 Fuel Samples’ list
All vegetation objects stored in the database are listed in a list which contains the following
headlines:

“Team”

“Site”

“Species” name

Fuel “Height” in meters

Sample “Type” (unique, core or edge)

“Origin” (measure or virtual)

Mention if the fuel is “Deleted” or not.
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Figure 75: Fuel samples’ list
For research purposes, the fuel samples’ list can be restricted with a “Team”, a “Site”, a
“Species” or a “Height” selection in the “Research criteria”.
Control buttons are:

“Modify”: to modify an existing fuel sample.

“Blocks description”: to describe the crown description with the cubes
method.

“Particles parameters”: to enter parameters for each fuel particle.

“Add”: to add a new fuel sample (only available for super administrators).

“Copy”: to copy an existing fuel sample in a new one (only available for super
administrators).

“Delete/Undelete”: to delete or undelete an existing fuel sample (only available
for super administrators).

“Close”: to close the windows.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.5.2 Create or Update a Fuel Sample
 To create a new fuel, click on “Add”.
 To modify a fuel, select the fuel in the fuels’ list and click on “Modify”.
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Figure 76: Fuel samples’ editor, team screen
Data verifications before validation are:

“Team” is compulsory.

“Sampling date” has to be in the following format: DD/MM/YYYY.
Control buttons are:

“Teams’ editor”: to access the teams’ editor.

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
Figure 77: Fuel samples’ editor, site selection screen
Data verifications before validation are:

“Site” is compulsory.
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Control buttons are:

“Sites’ editor”: to access the sites’ editor.

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
Figure 78: Fuel samples’ editor, individual screen
Data verifications before validation are:

“Species” is compulsory.

“Height” is compulsory.

“Height” has to be numerical and > 25 cm.

If unique, “diameter” is compulsory.

“Diameter” has to be numerical and > 25 cm.

If unique, “perpendicular diameter” is compulsory.

“Perpendicular diameter” has to be numerical and > 25 cm.

“Tree cover” has to be numerical and between 0 and 100 %.
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Available values for openness are:

“Open”

“Closed”
Control button are:

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
Figure 79: Fuel samples’ editor, comment screen
Control buttons are:

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.5.3 Create or Update a Fuel Sample Crown Description
Height
A crown shape is assigned to each individual plant and the physic design aims to represent the
distribution of the volume fraction or biomass inside the crown shape. The spatial distribution of
fuel particles within the crown is modeled by three types of cubes called top “T”, centre “C” and
bottom “B”. Zones composed of the same type of cube have similar volume fractions or
biomass for the particles.
Top
VF
VF
VF
Centre
VF
VF
VF
Base
VF
VF
VF
Diameter
Fuel with specific
dimensions
Shape designed by
three types of cube
Volume fractions of each fuel family
summarised in three cubes
Figure 80: Concepts of shape and volume fractions, representation in a (x, z) plan
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For a sample, the crown diameter is initialized to 25 cm, corresponding to the width of the grid
used for measurements in the fields. The height is usually between 25 cm and 1m50.
To assign a colour in a cube, select the
colour in the legend panel on the right and
click on the cube. The colour will change.
To select several cubes, keep the right click
on and move the mouse to draw a
rectangle. All cubes inside this rectangle will
be selected and coloured when the right
click will be off.
The left click of the mouse can be used for
zooming: keep the left click on and move
the mouse to draw a rectangle. Only one
right click for zooming forward.
Figure 81: Fuel samples’ editor, crown
description screen
Control buttons are:

“X++”: increase the grid width with one empty column of cubes.

“X--”: decrease the grid width with one column (cubes colour will be lost).

“Z++”: increase the grid height with one empty line of cubes.

“Z--”: decrease the grid height with one line (cubes colour will be lost).

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
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11.5.4 Create or Update a Fuel Sample Particles Description
Click on one cube for selection, its
border will be coloured in red.
Cube parameters will appear on
the bottom left panel.
Only one cube can be selected.
The left click of the mouse can be
used for zooming: keep the left
click on and move the mouse to
draw a rectangle. Only one right
click for zooming forward.
Parameters for the entire plant
appear in the left panel in the
middle.
Figure 82: Fuel particles parameters description
Available particles are:

Leaves__Needles_INRA

Leaves_INRA

Needles_INRA

Leaves__Twigs_0_2_INRA

Leaves__Twigs_0_6_INRA

Twigs_0_2_INRA

Twigs_0_6_INRA

Twigs_2_6_INRA

Twigs_6_25_INRA

Twigs_25_75_INRA

Bark_INRA

Cones_INRA

Fruits_INRA

ETC_INRA

HR_1

HR_10

HR_100

HR_1000
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
Twigs_0_3

Twigs_2_5

Twigs_3_5

Twigs_5_x

Twigs_25_x

Twigs_75_x
Available parameters for the plant are:

MVR: Mass-to-Volume Ratio which correspond to the density ()

SVR: Surface-to-Volume Ratio used to evaluate the thickness of the particle ()

AC: Ash content ()

MC: Moisture Content at a given time ()

HCV: ()

SH ()

Size: Size of the particle such as the length of needles ()

Volume : ()
Available parameters for the cubes are:

Biomass

VF: Volume fraction in %
Data verifications before validation are:

Parameter values have to be numerical.

Value = 0 means that the data has been measured equal to zero.

Value = -9 means that the data doesn’t exist or has not been measured.
Control buttons are:

“Add a particle”: add a new particle for the plant or all cubes.

“Add a parameter”: add a new parameter for a particle for a plant or all cubes.

“Save in the database”: to save modifications and close the window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.5.5 Delete a Fuel Sample
 To delete a fuel, select the fuel in the list and click on “Delete/Undelete”
 When the fuel data appears on the fuel editor screen, click on “ Delete in the
database”.
The object won’t be physically deleted in the database, it will be only logically deactivated.
11.5.6 Undelete a Fuel Sample
 To undelete a fuel, select the fuel in the list and click on “Delete/Undelete”
 When the fuel data appears on the fuels’ editor screen, click on “Undelete in the
database”.
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11.6 Fuels’ Editor (Fuel Plants)
The Fuel Editor is a functionality of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER implemented to manipulate
three fuel categories: fuel samples, fuel plants and fuel layers. An individual Fuel Plant is a
vegetation object which may be either a tree, a shrub, or a grass represented on the vegetation
scene and fully described as a fuel in the EUROFORESTFUELS database. It may be either a
measured plant corresponding to a real plant measured in the field, or a virtual plant, created
with the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER. A virtual plant may differ from a real one either by its
shape, by the distribution of cubes (fuel samples) within its shape, by the values of one or
several fuel parameters (e.g. mean of several samples).
11.6.1 Fuel Plants’ List
All vegetation objects stored in the database appear in a list. This list contains:

species name

fuel height in meters

fuel crown base height in meters

fuel crown diameter in meters

origin (measured or virtual)

mention if the fuel is deleted or not.
Figure 83: Fuel plants’ list
Research criteria’s:
The list can be restricted with a species, a height or a crown diameter selection in the research
criteria’s.
Control buttons are:

“Modify”: to modify an existing fuel.

“Cubes description”: to describe the crown description with the cubes method.

“Particle parameters”: to enter parameters for each fuel particle.

“Add”: to add a new fuel (only available for super administrators).

“Copy”: to copy an existing fuel sample in a new one (only available for super
administrators).
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
“Delete/Undelete”: to delete or undelete an existing fuel (only available for super
administrators).

“Close”: to close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.6.2 Create or Update a Fuel Plant
 To create a new fuel plant, click on “Add”.
 To modify a fuel plant, select the fuel in the list and click on “Modify”.
Team, site and comment screens are the same as fuel sample (see page 65 and followings).
Only individual screen is specific.
Figure 84: Fuel plants’ editor, individual screen
Data verifications before validation are:

“Species” is compulsory.

“Height” is compulsory.

“Height” has to be numerical and > 25 cm.

“Diameter” has to be numerical and > 25 cm.

“Perpendicular diameter” has to be numerical and > 25 cm.

“Tree cover” has to be numerical and between 0 and 100 %.
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Available values for openness are:

Open

Closed
Control button are:

“Save in the database”: to save modifications on the fuel.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications on the fuel and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.6.3 Create or Update a Fuel Plant Crown Description
Depending on the dimensions of the fuel plant to be considered, two separate set of screens
have been implemented.
a) 2D Crown Description
To assign a colour in a cube,
select the colour in the legend
panel on the right and then click
on the cube. The colour will
change.
To select several cubes, keep the
right click on and move the mouse
to draw a rectangle. All cubes
inside this rectangle will be
selected and coloured when the
right click will be off.
Figure 85: Fuel plant crown description screen in 2D
The left click of the mouse can be
used for zooming: keep the left
click on and move the mouse to
draw a rectangle. Only one right
click for zooming forward.
Top icons are:

“X++”: increase the grid width with one empty column of cubes.

“X--”: decrease the grid width with one column (cubes colour will be lost).

“Z++”: increase the grid height with one empty line of cubes.

“Z--”: decrease the grid height with one line (cubes colour will be lost).

: to copy cells from right to left, symmetrically.

: to copy cells from left to right, symmetrically.
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Control buttons are:

“Generate 2D to 3D”: to generate 3D cubes with rotation algorithm.

“Copy 2D to 3D”: to generate 3D cubes by copying 2D cubes with y=
perpendicular diameter / 2.

“Edit 3D cubes”: access the 3D editor with no action before.

“Save in the database”: to save modifications on the fuel and close the
window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications on the fuel and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
b) 3D Crown Description
A rotation function based on the 2D crown shape can be used to quickly create 3D physical
forms corresponding to the 2D physical shapes that are already described.
2D physical information
Rotation of the 2D shape
3D physical information
Figure 86: Illustrations of the rotation function to obtain 3D physical information
based on a 2D one.
This panel using guide is describe in
chapter 11.5.3
Top icons are:

: to copy cells from right to
left, symmetrically

: to copy cells from left to
right, symmetrically

: to move forward in the
visible layer

: to move backward in the
visible layer

: rotation (front, left, back,
right, bottom, top)
Figure 87: Fuel plant crown description screen in 3D
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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Control buttons are:

“RAZ”: to erase the grid.

“Save in the database”: to save modifications on the fuel and close the
window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.6.4 Create or Update a Particles Description of a Fuel Plant
See Fuel sample particle description (chapter 11.5.4)
11.6.5
Delete a Fuel Plant
 To delete a fuel: select the fuel in the fuel plants’ list and click on
“Delete/Undelete” button.
 When the fuel data appears on the fuels’ editor screen, click on “Delete in the
database”.
The object won’t be physically deleted in the database, it will be logically deactivated.
11.6.6 Undelete a Fuel Plant
 To undelete a fuel: select the fuel in the fuel plants’ list and click on
“Delete/Undelete”.
 When the fuel data appears on the fuels’ editor screen, click on “Undelete in the
database”.
11.7 Fuel Editor (Fuel Layers)
The Fuel Editor is a functionality of the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER implemented to manipulate
three fuel categories: fuel samples, fuel plants and fuel layers. The Fuel layer is a collection of
individual plants, closely grouped and difficult to describe separately, forming a layer generally
much more wide than high. A fuel layer is described as a single vegetation object and has
almost the same properties than an individual plant. Quercus coccifera shrubland is a typical
fuel layer. It may be either a measured fuel layer corresponding to a real fuel layer measured in
the field, or a virtual fuel layer, created with the FIRE PARADOX FUEL MANAGER. A virtual fuel layer
may differ from a real one either by its shape, by the distribution of cubes (fuel samples) within
its shape, by the values of one or several fuel parameters (e.g. mean of several samples).
11.7.1 Fuel Layers’ List
All vegetation objects stored in the database appear in a list. This list contains:

species name

fuel height in meters

fuel crown base height in meters

layer width min in meters

layer width max in meters

mention if the fuel is deleted or not.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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Figure 88: Fuel layers’ list
Research criteria’s:
The list can be restricted with a species, a height or a layer width min. or max. in the research
criteria’s.
Control button are:

“Modify”: to modify an existing fuel.

“Blocks description”: to describe the crown description with the blocks method.

“Particle parameters”: to enter parameters for each fuel particle.

“Add”: to add a new fuel (only available for super administrators).

“Copy”: to copy an existing fuel sample in a new one (only available for super
administrators).

“Delete/Undelete”: to delete or undelete an existing fuel (only available for super
administrators).

“Close”: to close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.7.2 Create or Update a Fuel Layer
 To create a new fuel layer, click on “Add”
 To modify a fuel layer, select the fuel in the fuels’ list and click on “Modify”
Team, site and comment screens are the same as for fuel samples (cf)
Only individual screen is specific for layers.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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Figure 89: Fuel layers’ editor, individual screen
Data verifications before validation are:

“Species” is compulsory

“Height” is compulsory

“Height” has to be numerical and > 25 cm
Control button are:

“Save in the database”: to save modifications on the fuel and close the
window.

“Cancel”: to cancel modifications and close the window.

“Help”: to get help about this screen.
11.7.3 Create or Update a Fuel Layer Crown Description
In the 2D data processing, a crown shape is split up in “edge”, “centre” and “symmetric”
elements. Three kinds of shapes can be deducted from the different combinations:

Edge + symmetric

Centre

Edge + centre + symmetric
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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Three types of shapes
Three elements
Edge
Centre
Symmetric
Edge + Symmetric
Centre
Edge + Centre + Symmetric
Figure 90: Elements of a crown layer shape and types of shape.
This panel using guide is describe in chapter
11.5.3
Control buttons are:

“Save in the database”: to
save modifications on the fuel
and close the window.

“Cancel”:
modifications
window.

“Help”: to get help about this
screen.
to
and
cancel
close the
Figure 91: Fuel layer crown description screen
11.7.4 Create or Update a Fuel Layer Particles Description
See Fuel sample particle description (chapter 11.5.4)
11.7.5 Delete a Fuel Layer
 To delete a fuel: select the fuel in the fuel layers’ list and click on
“Delete/Undelete”.
 When the fuel data appears on the fuels’ editor screen, click on “Delete in the
database”.
The object won’t be physically deleted in the database, it will be logically deactivated.
11.7.6 Undelete a Fuel Layer
► To undelete a fuel: select the fuel in the fuel layers’ list and click on “Delete/Undelete”.
► When the fuel data appears on the fuels’ editor screen, click on “Undelete in the
database”.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
Page 78
12 REFERENCES
[1].
Morsdorf, F. and Allgöwer, B. (Eds.) 2007. Review of fuel description methods.
Deliverable D.3.4-2 of the Integrated project “Fire Paradox”, Project no. FP6-018505,
European Commission, 55 p.
[2].
de Coligny F., Ancelin P., Cornu G., Courbaud B., Dreyfus P., Goreaud F., Gourlet-Fleury
S., Meredieu C., Orazio C., Saint-André L., 2004. CAPSIS: Computer-Aided Projection for
Strategies In Silviculture: Open architecture for a shared forest-modelling platform. In
Nepveu G. (Ed.): Connection between Forest Resources and Wood Quality: Modelling
Approaches and Simulation Software. Nancy, France: LERFoB INRA-ENGREF, pp. 371380. Fourth workshop, IUFRO Working Party S5.01.04, 8-15/09/2002, Harrison Hot
Springs Resort, British Columbia, Canada.
[3].
de Coligny F., 2008. Efficient Building of Forestry Modelling Software with the Capsis
Methodology. In: Fourcaud T, Zhang XP, eds. Plant Growth Modeling
and Applications. Proceedings of PMA06. Los Alamitos, California: IEEE Computer
Society, pp. 216-222.
[4].
http://java.sun.com/
Java Sun official website.
[5].
http://www.java.com/en/download/help/5000010100.xml#
Instructions guide to install the Java Runtime Environment 1.5., Java Sun official website.
[6].
http://www.java.com/en/download/help/5000010400.xml
Instructions guide to install the Java Runtime Environment 1.5. for Windows, Java Sun
official website.
[7].
http://www.java.com/en/download/help/5000010500.xml
Instructions guide to install the Java Runtime Environment 1.5. for Linux, Java Sun official
website.
[8].
http://www.java.com/en/download/help/5000010100.xml#solaris
Instructions guide to install the Java Runtime Environment 1.5. for Solaris, Java Sun
official website.
[9].
http://www.apple.com/support/downloads/javaformacosx104release5.html
Support to install Java for Mac OS X 10.4 (Release 5), Apple official website.
[10]. https://jogl.dev.java.net/
JOGL project website.
[11]. http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.5.0/docs/tooldocs/solaris/classpath.html
Instructions guide to set environment variables for Solaris, Java Sun official website.
[12]. http://developer.apple.com/qa/qa2001/qa1067.html
Instructions guide to set environment variables for Macintosh, Apple Developer
Connection website.
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
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13 ANNEX
13.1 Annex – Inventory Files
#Scene file referring to fuelIds in the fuel data base
#Terrain
#name
cellWidth(m)
Terrain0
5
altitude(m)
xMin
yMin
xMax
0
-30
60
30
-60
yMax
#Polygons (optionnal)
#fileId {(x1,y1);(x2,y2)...}
1
{(-55,-25);(-55,-12);(-30,-10);(-35,-27)}
#Trees
#fuelId x
y
z
1153663 -4
-4
0
1187063 -4
4
0
1191895 4
4
0
1221015 4
-4
0
Figure 92: Inventory file dataBaseFile_fc.scene
#Scene file of the mixed plot at the Lamanon experimental study site
#Terrain
#name
cellWidth(m)
Terrain0
5
altitude(m)
xMin
yMin
xMax
0
-60
60
60
-60
yMax
#Polygons (optionnal)
#fileId {(x1,y1);(x2,y2)...}
1
{(-55,-55);(-55,-42);(-30,-40);(-35,-57)}
#Trees
#fileId speciesName
x
y
crownDiameter crownDiameterHeight
z
height crownBaseHeight
openess
1
Pinus halepensis
-4.55
2.55
0
13.5
7.1
4.78
10
true
2
Pinus halepensis
-10.5
-3.6
0
15
7.3
8.15
10
true
3
Pinus halepensis
-2.5
-4.6
0
14.2
9
8.35
10
true
4
Pinus halepensis
14.85
-14.85 0
5.8
4.6
1.28
5
true
5
Pinus halepensis
14.8
-13.35 0
8.1
5.15
1.68
7
true
6
Quercus ilex
6.75
-14.1
0
11.75
5.35
4
10
true
7
Pinus halepensis
4.85
-12.8
0
9.3
5.45
1.73
7
true
8
Pinus halepensis
2.8
-12.95 0
7.25
6.2
1.07
7
true
9
Pinus halepensis
3.25
-11.6
0
10.5
6.15
2.18
7
true
10
Pinus halepensis
0.95
-12.7
0
12.9
8.45
2.38
10
true
11
Pinus halepensis
-1.25
-11.45 0
12.2
7.4
3.35
10
true
12
Pinus halepensis
1
-14.4
12.7
7.25
4.63
10
true
D6.1-4a-0001 Software – Initial Version
0
Page 80
13
Quercus ilex
-0.05
-12.2
14
Pinus halepensis
-3.2
15
Pinus halepensis
16
17
0
8.2
6.6
1.1
7
true
-10.45 0
8.45
6.05
1.6
7
true
-9.75
-13.8
0
14.15
6.55
5.8
7
true
Pinus halepensis
0.85
-3.85
0
11
6.5
2.5
10
true
Pinus halepensis
2.9
-3.4
0
11.3
6.1
4.4
10
true
18
Pinus halepensis
1.05
-1.45
0
8.5
4.5
2.18
7
true
19
Pinus halepensis
-1.7
3.2
0
9.6
4.7
2.9
7
true
20
Pinus halepensis
-1.45
-2.75
0
8.6
6.7
1.65
8
true
21
Pinus halepensis
-7.4
14.5
0
8.3
4.9
1.5
7
true
22
Pinus halepensis
-3.2
12.1
0
5.7
3.8
1.38
5
true
23
Pinus halepensis
1.35
12.2
0
10.8
5.6
6.5
10
true
24
Quercus ilex
4.35
14.4
0
11.3
5.7
3.68
10
false
25
Pinus halepensis
14.85
12.9
0
10.7
5.1
5.15
10
false
26
Pinus halepensis
12
8.3
0
11.8
5.9
7.8
10
false
27
Pinus halepensis
12.35
7.7
0
6
4
1.7
5
false
28
Pinus halepensis
10
8
0
5.4
4.3
2.1
5
false
29
Pinus halepensis
11.95
6.15
0
11.7
6.2
2.43
10
false
30
Pinus halepensis
13.8
5.8
0
6.5
5
0.5
5
false
31
Quercus ilex
14.05
4.35
0
11.7
5
6.35
10
false
32
Pinus halepensis
14.15
0.15
0
10
4.5
5.05
7
false
33
Pinus halepensis
10.95
0.15
0
7.9
4.3
1.75
7
false
34
Pinus halepensis
9.75
2.25
0
11
5.5
3.45
7
false
35
Quercus ilex
7.55
2.8
0
9.5
5.2
2.7
7
false
36
Pinus halepensis
8.75
5.3
0
12.2
10.3
3.9
11
false
37
Pinus halepensis
-3.05
-8.45
0
10.05
6.7
2.08
7
false
38
Quercus ilex
-5.6
-7.1
0
9.8
6.55
2.18
7
false
39
Pinus halepensis
-4.1
-11.2
0
10.75
5.8
3.23
7
false
40
Pinus halepensis
15.3
6.1
0
10.23
7
2.83
9
false
41
Pinus halepensis
-18.15 12.4
0
14.75
6.5
9.7
9
false
42
Pinus halepensis
-2.9
15.8
0
11.75
4.75
6.85
9
false
43
Quercus ilex
-1.15
-15.15 0
13
5.7
5.53
9
false
44
Pinus halepensis
4.4
-16
0
11.55
5.95
4.73
9
false
45
Pinus halepensis
8.5
-17.1
0
10
4.4
3.95
9
false
46
Pinus halepensis
16.15
5
0
7.5
3.5
2.08
7
false
47
Pinus halepensis
15.85
-5.15
0
10.4
3.5
2.55
9
false
48
Pinus halepensis
16.25
-10.5
0
11
3.7
5.43
9
false
Figure 93: Inventory file “Lamanon_Mixed.scene”
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13.2 Annex – Chain between Patterns’ Editor GUIs
Pattern Editor
Create and Update an Association




Create and Update a Shape Pattern




Shape Patterns List


QUALITY EVALUATION REPORT (QER)
General comments
Specific comments
Issue #
Page #
Line #
* Comments and suggested modifications
1
2
3
4
5
…
* Use a for add, r for replace and d for delete.
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