MULTIPLE CHOICE. Choose the one alternative that best completes the statement
or answers the question.
1)When the circle of illumination just touches the Arctic Circle and the North
Pole is dark, the date is closest to
A)September 23.
B)March 23.
C)December 21.
D)July 4.
E)June 21.
2)When the Sun's rays are directly overhead at the Tropic of Capricorn, it is
________.
A)October 21
B)June 21
C)December 21
D)March 21
E)September 21
3)The highest latitude number used in the geographic grid is ________°.
A)360 B) 365 C) 100 D) 90 E) 180
4)The Earth rotates about its
A)great circle.
B)Equator.
C)axis.
D)revolution.
E)inclination.
5)The cause of Earth's seasons is the
A)tilt of the axis.
B)cold experienced each wintertime.
C)varying distance between Earth and Sun.
D)shape of the Earth.
E)varying output of the Sun.
6)At times, latitudes higher than ________ degrees can have 24 hours or more of
continuous darkness.
A)66.5 B) 10 C) 90 D) 23.5 E) 45
7)The side of a mountain sheltered from prevailing winds is the ________.
A)leeward
B)meridional
C)windward
D)sunnier
E)coriolis
8)A main absorber of ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere is ________.
A)argon
B)dust
C)ozone
D)carbon dioxide
E)neon
9)Together, oxygen and nitrogen comprise what percentage of the atmosphere?
A)less than 10%
B)about 25%
C)about 75%
D)less than 1%
E)more than 95%
10)The most important feature of ozone in the ozone layer is ________.
A)it reflects sunlight
B)its role in cloud formation
C)causes the greenhouse effect
D)it absorbs ultraviolet energy
E)it is the source of atmospheric oxygen
11)Transmision through Earth's atmosphere is most difficult for ___________
wavelengths?
A)visible blue
B)long
C)short
D)0.5 micrometer
E)solar radiation
12)The higher latitudes receive much less intense insolation than tropical zones
because of ________.
A)greenhouse effect
B)water's transmissivity
C)Sun's angle of incidence
D)albedo
E)ocean's specific heat
13)The trapping of longwave radiation in the atmosphere is popularly called
A)the Greenhouse effect.
B)advection.
C)the carbon dioxide effect.
D)scattering.
E)Coriolis effect.
14)The observed increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere in this century
is attributable to
A)human produced carbon dioxide gas.
B)grass fires set by lightning.
C)the end of the "Ice Age".
D)earthquakes.
E)volcanoes.
15)Solar energy is also known as ________.
A)power
B)insolation
C)convection
D)longwave energy
E)conduction
16)The MAIN source of atmosphere heating is from the
A)conduction of energy from the Earth.
B)convection of energy from the Earth.
C)reradiation of energy from the Earth.
D)absorption of insolation.
E)absorption of ultraviolet energy from the Sun.
17)Almost all terrestrial radiation can be considered to be ________ and almost
all solar radiation can be considered to be ________.
A)heat, light
B)shortwave, shortwave
C)longwave, shortwave
D)shortwave, longwave
E)longwave, longwave
18)A counterclockwise atmospheric circulation in the Northern Hemisphere is
known as a/an ________.
A)pressure gradient
B)anticyclone
C)troposphere
D)cyclone
E)Coriolis effect
19)Sinking air that diverges when in reaches Earth's surface is closely
associated with ________.
A)the absence of Corioils effect
B)anticyclones
C)cyclones
D)tornadoes
E)the absence of friction
20)Air flows from high to low pressure because the
A)intertropical convergence
B)pressure gradient
C)Trade winds
D)Coriolis effect
E)anticyclone
________.
21)A wet monsoon is associated with high rainfall totals and is caused by
________.
A)the Jet stream
B)the westerlies
C)Coriolis effect
D)the ITCZ
E)a seasonal reversal of the trade winds
22)Trade winds are found ________.
A)centered on the longitudinal zone of the prime meridian
B)over all of the world's deserts
C)between 25° north and south of the Arctic Circle
D)between 25° north and south of the equator
E)north of the monsoon regions
23)The contact zone of the warmer westerly winds and colder easterly winds is
known as the
A)subtropical high.
B)Polar easterly.
C)monsoon.
D)intertropical convergence.
E)Polar front.
24)An example of a geostrophic wind is ________.
A)monsoon
B)Hadley cell
C)jet stream
D)chinook
E)one caused by gravity
25)The polar front jet stream is
A)found above the boundary of warm and cold air.
B)found above the polar front.
C)usually in the upper westerlies.
D)curves with the Rossby Waves.
E)described by all of the above.
26)Diverging air is most closely associated with ________.
A)jet stream circulations
B)the intertropical convergence
C)surface air in anticyclones
D)surface air in cyclones
E)cold air circulations
27)City A has an air pressure of 1,000 millibars. City B has an air pressure of
1004 millibars. Wind will blow towards _____________.
A)the city at a higher elevation
B)City A
C)the city at a lower elevation
D)Coriolis effect
E)City B
28)The city of Chicago has a latitude (42°N) within which part of the global
circulation?
A)trade winds
B)antitrade winds
C)subtropical high
D)westerlies
E)polar easterlies
29)The major global wind and pressure systems, like the STHs, trade winds, etc.
A)shift with the seasons.
B)are found mainly in the Northern Hemisphere.
C)seem to be independent of the jet stream.
D)stay in just about the same place the entire year.
E)are controlled by Earth/Sun distance.
30)The reason winds exist is ________.
A)altitude differences
B)the unequal heating of the Earth system
C)because air is a mixture of gases
D)friction
E)Coriolis effect
31)At Earth's surface, warm temperatures are associated with ________.
A)anticyclones
B)low pressure
C)cyclones
D)high pressure
E)adiabatic cooling
32)The transfer of moisture from land to air through plants is termed ________.
A)dew point
B)specific humidity
C)vaporization
D)evapotranspiration
E)evaporative cooling
33)Air that resists vertical movement is said to be ________.
A)unstable
B)stable
C)cyclonic
D)adiabatic
E)anticyclonic
34)Air containing all of the water vapor it can hold is ________.
A)unstable
B)adiabatic
C)saturated
D)at its dew point
E)convective
35)Winter precipitation exceeds summer precipitation in ________.
A)New England
B)the midwest
C)the southern states
D)the Rocky Mountains
E)California
36)________ is the temperature at which saturation is reached.
A)Relative humidity
B)Absolute humidity
C)Specific humidity
D)The dew point
E)The flash point
37)The altitude at which rising air reaches the dew point temperature is the
________.
A)adiabatic level
B)lifting condensation level
C)saturation level
D)upslope fog level
E)isohyet level
38)Air forced to move over a mountain is most closely associated with which type
of lifting?
A)convergence
B)convection
C)orographic
D)stable
E)hydrologic
39)Which of the following cloud types has the greatest height (from top to
bottom)?
A)cumulonimbus
B)stratus
C)cumulus
D)altostratus
E)cirrus
40)Most of Earth's cloudiness can be said to result from ________.
A)vertical temperature gradient
B)sublimation
C)evaporation
D)air pollution
E)adiabatic cooling
41)The Kumlaut(o)ppen system of climate classification is based on ________.
A)wind and pressure
B)temperature and precipitation
C)solar radiation
D)the biomes
E)evapotranspiration
42)Of the main Kumlaut(o)ppen climate zones, ________ is the only one that does
not occur in the Southern Hemisphere.
A)B B) E C) C D) D E) A
43)The tropical monsoon climate bears a letter classification of
A)Aw. B) BW. C) Cfa. D) Am. E) BS.
44)The main reason for the occurrence of deserts around the world is ________.
A)the intertropical convergence
B)locations of subtropical highs
C)position of the cold ocean currents
D)easterly winds
E)the westerly winds
45)Which climate type is known for clear skies in the summertime?
A)Af B) Am C) Dfa D) Csa E) Cfa
46)A small island on the Equator would most likely be classified ________.
A)Aw B) Dfa C) BS D) Cfa E) Af
47)Mediterranean climates experience dry summers because of ________.
A)warm ocean currents
B)high altitudes
C)adjacent rain shadows
D)the position of subtropical high pressure
E)two times when the vertical sun occurs
48)The Intertropical Convergence is most closely associated with which of the
Kumlaut(o)ppen system's major climate types?
A)A B) B C) C D) D E) E
49)Which of the following climates does NOT have a summer wetter than its
winter?
A)humid continental
B)humid subtropical
C)monsoon
D)subarctic
E)mediterranean
50)In tropical
A)is energized
B)must undergo
C)is dominated
wet climate, the vegetation ________.
by much sunlight reaching the ground
numerous periods of drought
by broadleaf evergreen trees
D)usually heavily damaged by nasty monkeys
51)The hottest places on Earth are ________.
A)also the most humid places
B)found at the Equator
C)hot all year round
D)associated with the subtropical highs
E)associated with the longest day lengths
52)In an Af climate, what time of day is precipitation most likely?
A)at mid-afternoon B) at dawn
C)at noon D) at mid-morning
53)The main types of erosion processes do NOT include ________.
A)solution
B)diastrophism
C)aeolian
D)fluvial
E)glacial
54)The igneous rocks which were deposited on the surface and then cooled are
known as ________.
A)core B) detrital C) extrusive D) clastic E) intrusive
55)The "plates" in plate tectonics are in the ________.
A)outer core
B)asthenosphere
C)inner core
D)biosphere
E)lithosphere
56)The thickest of Earth's interior layers is the ________.
A)mantle
B)Moho
C)outer core
D)inner core
E)crust
57)When magma cools rapidly, it results in ________.
A)large crystals
B)detritus
C)small crystals
D)earthquakes
E)foliation
58)The vast majority of all sedimentary rocks are sandstones, limestones and
________.
A)schists
B)foliated rocks
C)magmas
D)shales
E)detritus
59)Which of the following has the most extensive occurrence at the surface of
the continental United States?
A)igneous rocks
B)intrusive rocks
C)metamorphic rocks
D)basaltic rocks
E)sedimentary rocks
60)Erosion, compaction, and sedimentation are most closely associated with which
rock type?
A)igneous
B)intrusive
C)metamorphic
D)sedimentary
E)basalt
61)Most processes which shape topography are ________.
A)quite abrupt
B)unknown
C)no longer active
D)very rapid
E)very slow
62)The term "landforms" is most closely related with ________.
A)physical geography
B)geology
C)relief
D)local relief
E)topography
63)Which of the following is NOT an external geomorphic process?
A)diastrophism
B)weathering
C)mass wasting
D)deposition
E)erosion
64)The concept of plate tectonics ________.
A)was proven only a few decades ago
B)means Africa and South America were once joined
C)is well-accepted by Earth scientists
D)means that the Atlantic Ocean is not nearly the age of Earth
E)is correctly described by all of the above
65)The topography we see today is best thought of as ________.
A)not very diverse
B)everlasting in terms of Earth history
C)a product of internal rather than external processes
D)unexplainable
E)temporary
66)The original large continental mass containing all of the present continents
prior to separation millions of years ago has been named ________.
A)Gondwanaland
B)Pangaea
C)Transcurrent
D)Laurasia
E)Subduction
67)Which boundary type is associated with lateral slippage and the San Andreas
fault system?
A)divergent
B)concurrent
C)transform
D)fault scarp
E)convergent
68)If you travel away from a midocean ridge you will find ________.
A)increasingly younger rocks
B)more and more earthquakes
C)increasingly older rocks