Project TE 333, New Example
Level/Categories
CL 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b3, 3a
AL 1a, 1b, 2a, 2b3, 3a
Documents
This is an artificial example.
Brief Description of the Artificial Example
The document discloses a device which converts value from a multivalued number system
(range-N digit) to a binary representation (conventional L-digit binary), which does not
mitigate the performance benefits of multivalued logic processors.
This converter comprises multi-level folding circuits containing multiple-peak resonant
tunneling transistors (e.g. an FET and a multiple-peak resonant tunneling diode) which
exhibit multiple negative differential transconductance being connected by a voltage divider.
The conversion for multiple inputs is accomplished by a series of decomposition stages, and
each decomposition stage produces an interim multivalued number and a binary digit, which
becomes one of the digits of the binary output word. The decomposition at each stage is
accomplished by a set of the converters.
Representative Prior Art (only for Category 3)
There are many references relating to Resonant Tunneling Device and it is known that
Multivalued Logic circuits have a potential for increased speed and density since multiple
binary bits may be simultaneously processed in a single Multivalued Logic circuit.
Invention Information
I1: A converter which converts a multivalued (range-N) digit to a binary (conventional
L-digit binary) word (claim 1)
I2: A multivalued logic circuit which comprises series of stages of decomposition which is
accomplished by a set of converters which convert a multivalued digit to a binary word
(claim 7, fig 3)
I3: A binary adder in redundant multivalued logic representation (fig 1)
1
Additional Information (only for Category 3)
None
Identification of Potential Subclasses
Subject Matter
Tool
Query
I1
TACSY
digits conversion
I2
TACSY
multivalued logic circuit
I3
Catchword Index
I3
TACSY
ADDING see COMPUTING
then
COMPUTING electrically in digital
fashion
Binary adder (in G06F)
IPC Places
H03M 5/00,
H03M 7/02,
H03M 13/03,
H03M 1/26
H03K,
G06K 9/00,
F15C
G06F
G06F 7/38
Analysis and Selection of Classification Symbols
Core Level
I1: As the table above shows, TACSY indicates some groups whose subclasses are H03M
which covers “CODE CONVERSION” and must be considered appropriate. In those groups,
H03M 13/00 and H03M 1/00 are obviously irrelevant because H03M 13/00 is for error
detection or error correction and H03M 1/00 covers AD/DA conversion. Additionally,
H03M7/00 is irrelevant because the input information to be converted in I1 is not represented
by a given sequence or number of digits. On the other hand, I1 is to convert the form of the
representation of individual digits as well, so I1 is classified in H03M 5/00.
I2: As the table above shows, TACSY indicates H03K, G06K 9/00 and F15C. F15C
(FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR
CONTROL PURPOSES) and G06K (RECOGNITION OF DATA; PRESENTATION OF
DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS) are obviously
irrelevant, however from the title of H03K we should investigate this area further.
The title of H03K is “PULSE TECHNIQUE” and its note says “This subclass covers
methods, circuits, devices, or apparatus using active elements operating in a discontinuous or
switching manner for generating, counting, amplifying, shaping, modulating, demodulating,
or otherwise manipulating signals.” Therefore, H03K is appropriate. In the groups of this
subclass, I2 is classified in 19/08 because the circuits use resonant tunneling diodes.
On the other hand, the input information described in I2 can be represented by a given
sequence or number of digits, and thus H03M 7/00 is appropriate. In addition, output digits
are conventional binary codes, that is, weighted codes. So H03M 7/02 is appropriate. Though
there is a last place priority rule, other groups under 7/00 are irrelevant. Therefore, I2 is also
classified in H03M 7/02.
2
I3: As the table above shows, TACSY indicates G06F 7/38 for a binary adder. The title of
G06F 7/38 is “Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively
denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation”.
Therefore, the group is appropriate. In three groups under group G06F 7/38, group G06F
7/48 is appropriate because I3 uses non-contact-making devices.
Advanced Level
I1: As the table above shows, TACSY indicates some groups whose subclasses are H03M
which covers “CODE CONVERSION” and it must be considered appropriate. In those
groups, H03M 13/00 and H03M 1/00 are obviously irrelevant because H03M 13/00 is for
error detection or error correction and H03M 1/00 covers AD/DA conversion. Additionally,
H03M 7/00 is irrelevant because the input information to be converted in I1 is not
represented by a given sequence or number of digits. On the other hand, I1 is to convert the
form of the representation of individual digits as well, so H03M 5/00 is appropriate. The
example given is that of an input signal with 4 amplitude ranges (0-0.5volt, 0.5-1.5v, 1.5-2.5v,
>2.5v) to represent the 4 digits of the base 4 code, i.e. respectively 0, 1, 2, 3 (see fig.10). This
multivalued (4 values) input is converted into binary by two parallel 2-threshold circuit using
tunnel diodes which deliver the 2 bit output code CW (fig.10). The base 4 input could be
represented by any kind of signal. This document deals specifically with the conversion of a
4 level amplitude multivalued signal into binary. Therefore, H03M 5/20(“the pulses having
more than three levels”) is selected here.
I2: As the table above shows, TACSY indicates H03K, G06K 9/00 and F15C. F15C
(FLUID-CIRCUIT ELEMENTS PREDOMINANTLY USED FOR COMPUTING OR
CONTROL PURPOSES) and G06K (RECOGNITION OF DATA; PRESENTATION OF
DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS) are obviously
irrelevant, however from the title of H03K we should investigate this area further.
The title of H03K is “PULSE TECHNIQUE” and its note says “This subclass covers
methods, circuits, devices, or apparatus using active elements operating in a discontinuous or
switching manner for generating, counting, amplifying, shaping, modulating, demodulating,
or otherwise manipulating signals.” Therefore, H03K is appropriate. In the groups of this
subclass, I2 is classified in 19/10 because the circuits use resonant tunneling diodes.
On the other hand, the input information described in I2 can be represented by a given
sequence or number of digits, and thus H03M 7/00 is appropriate. In addition, output digits
are conventional binary codes, that is, weighted codes. So H03M 7/04 is appropriate. Though
there is a last place priority rule, other groups under H03M 7/00 are irrelevant. Therefore, I2
is also classified in H03M 7/04.
I3: As the table above shows, TACSY indicates G06F 7/38 for a binary adder. The title of
G06F 7/38 is “Methods or arrangements for performing computations using exclusively
denominational number representation, e.g. using binary, ternary, decimal representation”.
Therefore, the group is appropriate. In groups under group H03M 7/38, I3 is classified in
H03M 7/50 because I3 is an adder and uses non-contact-making devices.
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Subject
Matter
Analysis of Subclass
Selection
Subclass
Analysis of Group Selection
IPC CL
IPC (2006)
IPC AL
I1
Subclass title covers
subject matter
H03M
Common rule for CL, Last place
priority rule for AL
H03M 5/00
H03M 5/20
(2006.01)
I2
Subclass title covers
subject matter
H03M
Last place priority rule
H03M 7/02
H03M 7/04
(2006.01)
I2
Subclass title covers
subject matter
H03K
Common rule
H03K 19/08
H03K 19/10
(2006.01)
I3
Subclass title covers
subject matter
G06F
Common rule
G06F 7/48
G06F 7/50
(2006.01)
Complete Classification
The complete core and advanced level classification for this document based on the above
analysis is as follows:
Core Level
Int. Cl. (2006)
H03M 5/00
H03M 7/02
H03K 19/08
G06F 7/48
Advanced Level
Int. Cl.
H03M 5/20 (2006.01)
H03M 7/04 (2006.01)
H03K 19/10 (2006.01)
G06F 7/50 (2006.01)
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