THE APPRECIATION OF HEAVY METALS CONCENTRATION AND
BIOCONVERSION FACTOR OF SOME WILD GROWING MUSHROOMS FROM
THE BUCEGI MASSIF OF CARPATHIAN MOUNTAIN
Carmen Cristina Elekes*, Gheorghe Ioniţă* Irina Dumitriu**
*University “Valahia” of Targoviste, Romania,
cristina_elekesh@yahoo.com
**National Researches and Development Institute for Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM
Bucharest, Romania,
irina_dumitriu@yahoo.com
Abstract:
Many of mushrooms species from the forest area of Bucegi Mountains are consumed by the native
population without thinking on heavy metals uptake in the human body. From all the edible species
we choose eight mushrooms, part of them considered eatable and part with uncertain edibility. The
dry matter of analyzed species has a mean value about 8.23% for Hypholoma capnoides, 18.52%
for Calvatia excipuliformis, 17.50% for Marasmius oreades, 26.25% for Boletus griseus, 33.59% for
Collybia butyracea, 18.75% for Hygrophorus virgineus, 40.47% for Cortinarius largus and 28.86%
for Cortinarius armillatus.
Heavy metals concentration in the fruiting body of mushrooms are different from one species to
another and shows mean values of 11.23 mg/kg for Ti, 1.06 mg/kg for Sr, 4.41 mg/kg for Ba,
39.69 mg/kg for Zn, 17.49 mg/kg for Mn, 63.66 mg/kg for Cu, 11640.46 mg/kg for Bi and 3632.00
mg/kg for Sn.
The bioconversion factor of heavy metals represent the level of metals concentration in the
mushrooms body correlated with the metallic element in the soil on which the fungus growth and
has values range of 0.007 and 0.27 for metals like Ti, Sr, Ba, Zn and Mn. For the others metals, the
mean values of bioconversion factor (BF) excel the 1 unit limit, so that cooper shows values of 1.32
for BF, the best accumulators species being Boletus griseus with a BF of 53.75; the bismuth has a
mean BF of 9.55 for the analyzed species and the representative mushroom is Hypholoma
capnoides, with a BF of 1981.44; and the tin shows mean values of BF of 10.42 with the highest
level of accumulation in Cortinarius armillarus species (a BF of 317.88).
References:
Elekes C.C., Ioniţă Gh., Busuioc G., Decontamination of soils by heavy metals, appling
biotechnologies, „Romanian Review Precision Mechanics, Optics & Mecatronics”, no. 33, pp. 76-82,
2008;
Ioniţă G., Elekes C.C., Studies and researches concerning the polluted soils decontamination by
biosystems, “Technological and Informational Society – Challenge of XXIst Century, University
“Valahia” of Targoviste patronaje by Academy of Romanian Scientists, 28-29 aprilie 2009 ;
Sesli E., Tuzenb M., Soylak M., Evaluation of trace metal contents of some wild edible mushrooms
from Black sea region, Turkey, Journal of Hazardous Materials 160 (2008) 462–467.
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