US History
2012-2013
Semester 1
Final Exam Study Guide
Identify the following concepts, places, people and terms (remember to define a term or identify the person
as well as state its’/their significance). Also, it may be useful to note the date or time period.
What was the Roosevelt Corollary?
What was Dollar Diplomacy?
-Built on Monroe Doctrine.
-U.S. was in charge of intervening in Latin America,
to keep European troops out of the area
-American business supported LA developing
countries everyone would benefit.
-US would increase its trade, Business would increase
profits and LA would rise out of poverty.
In which direction did America look for new trade?
What was Pan-Americanism?
-Westward
-Forced trade with Japan (Naval expedition)
-Idea that The United States and Latin America
should work together
What does it mean for the US to be a Protectorate?
Progressives believed who should solve problems?
-Imperial power allowing rulers to stay in control
and protected them against rebellions
-The Government
What was the purpose of the Great White Fleet?
How did Yellow Journalism fuel a war?
-Roosevelt sent 16 battleships on voyage around the
world to show the nation’s military might
-Made a stop in Asia (imperialism)
-Reporters that exaggerated or even expanded the
truth
Who Overthrew the Hawaiian Monarchy and Why?
Why was the Battleship Maine sent to Cuba?
-A group of planters supported by the U.S. Marines
-Lucrative sugar cane in Hawaii
-To evacuate Americans if necessary
-Explodes  Blames it on Spain to get involved in the
war
What were the Causes of the Spanish American War?
What did the US get with the Treaty of Paris of 1898?
-Cuba became independent
-U.S. acquired Guam and Puerto Rico and paid Spain
-20 Million for the Philippines.
(United States officially an Imperial Power)
-Yellow Journalism
-USS Maine
-US & Spanish Imperialism
What was the purpose of the Open Door Policy?
What was the purpose of the Children’s Bureau?
-To ensure trading rights for all nations with China
-To investigate and publicize problems with child
labor
US History
2012-2013
Who founded the NAACP?
Who created the Federal Reserve System and why?
-National Association for the Advancement of
Colored People.
-W.E.B. Dubois found it
-He believed it was time to end lynching and other
issues
What did the Triangle Shirtwaist disaster lead to?
-Woodrow Wilson
-To regulate the banking system and money supply
-Owners locked the doors and would not let workers
out. Then fire breaks out.
-Led to new fire/safety codes in the workplace (i.e.
fire escapes)
What was Prohibition?
-The right to vote.
-Law banning the manufacture/sale/consumption of
alcohol.
-Group of citizens to introduce legislation and
required a legislature to vote on it.
What was the 19th Amendment?
What was the 21st Amendment?
-Women’s Suffrage.
-Repealed the 18th Amendment (Prohibition)
What helped Theodore Roosevelt to be Vice Pres.?
Who were the Triple Entente?
-Sec. of the Navy during the Spanish American War
-Fame from the war
-Charisma
-Great Britain, France & Russia
Who were the Central Powers?
What was Nationalism?
-Italy
-Germany
-Austria-Hungary
-Later: Ottoman Empire & Bulgaria
-Intense pride in your own nation/culture
-Can lead to cultural superiority
What was the Zimmerman Telegraph?
What were the Causes of World War I?
-Telegraph intercepted by the British.
-From Germany to Mexico to try and get the
Mexicans to attack the U.S.
Immediate: Assassination of Archduke
Why did the United States Enter into World War I?
What was the purpose of Daylight Savings Time?
-Sinking of the Lusitania (Unrestricted Submarine
warfare)
-Zimmerman Telegraph
-To conserve energy for the war
-Work-weeks and days were also shortened for
companies that did not produce war time goods.
What was Suffrage?
What was Initiative?
M – Militarism
A – Alliances
I - Imperialism
N – Nationalism
US History
2012-2013
-Business Interests with GB (Money)
What was Selective Service?
What was the purpose of Liberty and Victory Bonds?
-Military Draft
-Created for WWI
-2.8 million men were drafted
-To fund the war
-American people bought over 20 billion dollars
worth.
What does Armistice mean?
What were U-Boats?
-Cease-fire
German submarines
What was the League of Nations?
What did the New Morality glorify?
-Organization created after World War One to keep
the peace
-Wilson’s 14th point.
-U.S. never joined
-Personal freedom
What was the Emergency Quota Act?
What was the Red Scare?
-Only 3 percent of total number of people from any
ethnic group already living in the US could be
admitted.
-Idea of Communists trying to start a revolution in the
United States
-J Edgar Hoover and the CIA
What did Socialists believe?
When did Motion Pictures with sound begin?
-Idea that government should own and operate all
industries and business.
-1927
What was the Scopes Trial?
How did Welfare Capitalism affect unions?
-John Scopes taught evolution in Tennessee. Was
convicted and found guilty.
-Companies allowed workers to buy stock,
participate in profit sharing, and receive benefits such
as medical care and pensions.
How did the Assembly Line work?
What was the Harlem Renaissance?
-Henry Ford
-Divides jobs into simple tasks
-Quick and efficient
-Flowering of African American culture & arts
What was Warren G. Harding motto and why?
Who was Henry Ford?
-Return to Normalcy (WWI & Red Scare)
-Ohio Gang
-Invented the T-Model Car
-Applied the Assembly Line for cars
-Quicker and more efficient production
US History
2012-2013
What was the Ohio Gang?
What was the Teapot Dome Scandal?
-Poker playing friends
-Gave positions to friends in the cabinet instead of
the most qualified
-Senator Fall leased oil reserves at Teapot, Wyoming.
-Received $300,000 in bribes to do so
-First senator to go to prison
What was Calvin Coolidge’s belief on government?
Why were there Tariffs on foreign goods during the
Great Depression?
-Keep cool with Coolidge
-Gov should not interfere with business
-Makes foreign goods more expensive and therefore
forces Americans to buy American made goods
What was the Installment Plan?
What was the Farming Crisis caused by?
-Idea of using credit to pay monthly payments
-Like a credit card
-Soil dried up, which led to falling farm prices
Why did Herbert Hoover win in 1928?
What was a Bank Holiday?
-Because of the prosperity of the 1920s
-FDR closed done the banks for a 3 day “cooling off”
period
-Prevented “bank runs’
How did Hoover’s removal of the Bonus March/Army
affect him?
What happened when banks collapsed during the
Great Depression?
-Veterans looking for $1,000 promised, eventually the
army forces them out
-Two veterans and young child were killed
-Drastic loss in public approval
-People lost their investments & life savings
What was a Bank Run?
What is the Stock Market?
-Lines of investors looking to withdrawal their
money before the bank fails
A financial institution where shares of a company are
bought and sold
-October 29, 1929 Black Tuesday Stock Market
Crashes and leads to the Great Depression
-Affects most of Europe as well
What is a Bull Market?
What was the TVA?
-A time period of speculation when the market is
doing very well
-Stock prices continue to rise
-Tennessee Valley Authority
-Created jobs for the rural American population
What was the Emergency Banking Relief Act?
What did FDR do first when he became President?
-Temporarily closing and issuing licenses to banks
that federal examiners found to be financially sound
-Declare bank holidays to restore public confidence in
the banking system
US History
2012-2013
What was the CWA?
What was the CCC?
-Civil Works Administration
-Focused on creating employment
-4 million employed
-300,000 women
-Roosevelt shut it down because money was being
spent too fast
-Civilian Conservation Corps
-Focused on creating employment
-Employed single men 18-25 for natural resource
conservation
-Forest fires, planting trees
-Specifically benefited the South
Why was the Court Packing Plan wrong?
What did the Securities and Exchange Commission
regulate?
-Expand the membership of the Supreme Court so
that he could nominate justices who would uphold
the constitutionality of New Deal legislation
-It interfered with the Constitution’s separation of
powers
-The Stock Market
How did the AAA try to help farmers?
Who did Adolf Hitler blame for Germany’s problems?
-Agricultural Adjustment Act
-Reduced agricultural surplus and raised prices for
struggling farmers
-Ruled unconstitutional
-The Jews
What was Fascism?
What did the Nuremburg Laws do?
-One dictator (Hitler, Franco, Mussolini)
-Aggressive Nationalism
-Took citizenship away from Jewish Germans
What was first in Hitler’s Unification Plan?
What was the Final Solution?
-Austria
-Hitler’s idea to exterminate all European Jews
The Munich Conference gave in to who and what?
What was the secret of the Nazi-Soviet
Nonaggression Pact (Treaty)?
-France and GB meet Hitler to decide appeasement
-Giving Hitler Sudetenland for peace
-USSR and Germany to 10 year peace and to split
Poland
US History
2012-2013
What was the Battle of Britain?
What did the Lend-Lease Act allow Britain to do?
-London destroyed but the RAF hold off the
-Luftwaffe to finally make a stand against Germany
-Way to get Britain arms without them having to pay
for them
How did the US remain neutral early in WWII?
What was D-Day?
-United States idea to stay out of the war
-Neutrality Act 1935
-Neutrality Act 1937 – Cash and Carry
-Largest land & sea invasion in military history
-U.S. & GB invade the beaches of Normandy, France
-Leads to the liberation of France and the surrender of
Germany
What was Mein Kampf?
What was the objective of Iwo Jima?
-Hitler’s Autobiography
-Discussed Hitler’s hatred towards specific groups
and his “final solution”
-Location close to Japan
-Important to United States because building
airplanes and bases
What was the “Double V” Campaign?
Who were the Axis Powers?
-African American campaign
-Victory over Hitler
-Victory over Racism at home
-Germany, Italy, & Japan
What is Isolationism?
What cause the rise of dictators in Germany?
-Staying out of international affairs in order to focus
on your own nation (United States)
-Treaty of Versailles
-Lack of strong political leadership
What was V-E Day?
What were Women’s Roles in WWII?
-Victory in Europe
-May 8th, 1945
-Victory gardens
-Rationing
-Working “men’s” jobs
-WAAC (pilots, nurses, electricians, etc.)
What was V-J Day?
-Victory in Japan
-August 14th, 1945