Wyższa Szkoła Pedagogiczna TWP
Warszawa 2009/2010
Dr hab. Jakub Basista
basista@chello.pl
http://members.upcpoczta.pl/basista/
History of England
Lecture 4
England under Henry VIII, Edward VI and Mary Tudor
Henry VIII Tudor 1509-1547
1509 – marries Catherine of Aragon (11 June), widow after his brother Arthur; executes
disliked ministers of his father (1510)
1511-13 – engaged in war in France to protect pope’s dominions in France; (1513) James IV
of Scotland invades from the north but is defeated and slain together with 10000 knights
1514 – Thomas Wolsey becomes Archbishop of York, cardinal (1515) and papal legate
(1517)
1515 – Wolsey becomes chancellor
1516 – future queen Mary is born
1520 – Assertio Septem Sacramentorum Henry’s work against Luther
1521 – Fidei Defensor title granted by Leo X
1527 – first attempts to annul marriage with Catherine of Aragon
1529, September – Wolsey surrenders Chancellorship – dies soon after in disgrace
1529, October – Thomas More becomes Chancellor
1529-1539 – the Reformation or Seven Years’ Parliament
1529, November – first call for church reform (limit fees, abolish right of immunity for
priests, limit benefices
Thomas Cranmer (Cambridge professor) and Thomas Cromwell become kings
advisors
1530 – universities opinion king’s marriage and his status
1530 – threat of praemunire for the clergy
1531 – an Act withholding annates
1532, May – submission of the Clergy (signed by Wareham, archbishop of Canterbury and
other bishops)
1532, May – submission of the Clergy (Henry is recognized the Supreme Head of the Church
in spiritual matters
1532 – More resigns from Chancellorship
1533, 25 January – Henry secretly marries Anne Boleyn; 10 April – Henry’s marriage to
Catherine declared void
1533 – Act of Restrains (February) – forbids all appeal to authority outside England
1533 – Act of Annates is activated (March)
1533 – papal threat of excommunication (July)
1533, September – birth of Elizabeth, Anne Boleyn’s daughter
1534, January-May – complete breach with Rome
1534 – Act of Supremacy; Treason Act (execution of More and Fisher); first Royal
Injunctions
1536 – dissolution of Lesser Monasteries
1536 – Pilgrimage of Grace
1536 – queen Anne executed for treason; Henry marries Jane Seymour
1536 – The Ten Articles
1536 – Wales incorporated into England
1537 – Jane dies after giving birth to a son, Edward
1538 – second set of Royal Injunctions (campaign against shrines and images)
1539 – Act of Six Articles (labelled neo-Catholic)
1539 – dissolving of Greater Monasteries
1540, July – execution of Thomas Cromwell
1544 – Act of Succession in favour of Edward and next Mary and Elizabeth
1546 – Henry nominates Council of Regency for Edward
1547, 28 January – Henry VIII dies
Edward VI
1547 – Henry VIII dies; accession to throne of Henry’s son with Jane Seymour; Edward
Seymour (later Duke of Somerset) is chosen as Protector of England
1547, Oct-Dec – Parliament approves radical Protestant programme
1547 – the Vagrant Act (against expelled monks)
1548 – abolition of many ceremonies
1549 – Book of Common Prayer (First Act of Uniformity)
1552 – Somerset is forced to resign in favour of Duke of Northumberland; Somerset is
executed for treason
1552, April – Second Act of Uniformity
1553 – government starts to seize Church goods
1553 – Forty-Two Articles are issued
1553- Edward dies of tuberculosis; attempts to install Jane Grey as queen (wife of
Northumberland’s son) fails
Mary I Tudor (Bloody Mary)
1553, 19 July – Mary proclaimed queen in London
1553 – Act of Repeal undoing Edwardian Reformation by the Parliament
1554 – Injunction to bishops
1554 – Thomas Wyatt’s rebellion (Jane Grey executed)
1554 – Mary marries Philip II of Spain (Mary’s cousin), but Philip never becomes the king –
Parliamentary opposition
1554 – princess Elizabeth imprisoned
1554-1558 – close to 300 Protestants are executed
1554, November – England is absolved from excommunication imposed by pope
1554, November – second Act of Repeal
1555 – heresy laws are used against opponents
1556 – Archbishop Cranmer burnt at Oxford
1557 – Mary pushes Philip to start a war against France
1558 – England losses Calais
1558, November – Mary dies