Supplementary Data Materials and Methods Microarray analysis Based on the BeadArray technology CD34+ stem cells from UCB were analyzed with a Sentrix HumanRef8 v2 Exoression BeadChip (Illumina, USA) and a selected marker profile. Endodermal/hepatic and cell-cell communication related genes were determined after a cultivation period of 10 days. RNA isolation Illumina TotalPrep Amplification Kit was used concerning manufacturing instructions for RNA preparation. Generation of biotin labeld cRNA, hybridisation and Cy3 streptavidin labelling are performed concerning available protocols from Illumina. Video imaging of co-culture UCBC and AML12 cells were labeled as described in Material and Methods (Dye Transfer). 3x105 CalceinAM labelled AML12 cells were seeded out in a 24well plate. Co-culture was initiated after adhesion period of 24h by adding 1,5x105 pkH26 labelled UCBC. Co-culture was visualized by using an inverse microscope and AxioCamMR camera (Carl Zeiss Microimaging) and analyzed with AxioCamMR software. Co-cultured was monitored by video imaging over 24 h using a time interval of 5 min. Tables Table S1. Applied Biosystems TaqMan Gene Expression Assays® for real time PCR. Assay ID Gene name Gene symbol Tissue/ Specificity (Applied Biosystem) Hs00173490_m1 Hs00609411_m1 AFP, hCG15197 ALB, hCG14967 Hs00702141_s1 GJB1, CMTX, CMTX1 Cx32 Hs00748445_s1 GJA1, AVSD3, DFNB38, GJAL Cx43 Hs00156373_m1 CD34, hCG21280 CD34+ human CD34+ adult stem cells Hs00269972_s1 C/EBPA, hCG20142 C/EBP adult liver, hepatocytes CK8 epithelial tissue, cell differentiation, structural integrity of cells CK18 early epithelial tissue, Hs01630795_s1 Hs01920599_gh KRT8, CARD2, CK-8, CK8, CYK8 KRT18, CYK18, K18, PIG46 AFP ALB Hs00761767_s1 KRT19, CK19, K19, K1CS Hs00170423_m1 CDH1, cadherin 1, type E-Cadherin 1 Hs00232764_m1 FOXA2 Hs00171403_m1 GATA 4, ASD2, VSD1 GATA 4 Hs00230853_m1 Hs01895061_u1 Hs00751752_s1 Hs99999905_m1 HNF4A POU5F1 SOX17 GAPDH, hCG2005673 CK19 HNF3 HNF4 Oct-4 Sox17 GAPDH fetal liver, endodermspecific adult liver, hepatocytes gap junction protein, tumorigenesis and liver regeneration gap junction protein, heart development, cell-cell communication structural integrity of epithelial cells, cell differentiation involved in embryonic placenta development intracellular communication, cell-cell adhesion (epithelial tissue), tumorigenesis fetal liver, definitive endoderm embryogenesis, myocardial differentiation and function, lineage determination adult liver, hepatocytes pluripotency fetal liver, definitive endoderm house keeping gene The following cycling conditions were used for all of the above primer assays. 95°C 10 min. Denaturation: 95°C 15 sec } 45 cycles Amplification: 60°C Figures Figure S1. Video imaging of co-cultured AML12 and umbilical cord blood cells (CD34+ stem cells). Over 24h co-culture of CalceinAM labelled murine AML12 (green) and pkH26 labelled UCBC (red) was monitored by video imaging using a time interval of 5 min (20x magnification). The video demonstrated the rare and sporadic cell-cell contact between the two different cell types.