David Lee’s Selected Publications
I. Data networking and Internet protocol systems
[1] N. Griffeth, R. Hao, D. Lee and R. Sinha, "Integrated System Interoperability Testing with
Applications to VoIP", FORTE/PSTV 2000, Pisa, Italy, October 10 - 13, 2000. (Won the best
paper award of the conference)
[2] N. Griffeth, R. Hao, D. Lee and R. Sinha, "Interoperability Testing of VoIP", IEEE
GLOBECOM 2000, Nov. 27 - Dec. 1, San Francisco, CA
[3] A. V. Aho and David Lee, "Hierarchical Networks and the LSA N-Squared Problem in
OSPF Routing", IEEE GLOBECOM 2000, Nov. 27 - Dec. 1, San Francisco, CA
[4] M. Karol, J. Golestani and David Lee, "Prevention of Deadlocks and Livelocks in Lossless,
Backpressured Packet Networks", to appear in IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking. An earlier
version published in IEEE INFOCOM 2000
[5] R. Hao, D. Lee, R. Sinha and D. Vlah, "Testing IP Routing Protocols: From Probabilistic
Algorithms to Software Tool", FORTE/PSTV, Pisa, Italy, October 10 - 13, 2000
[6] R. Hao, D. Lee, R. Sinha and D. Vlah, "SOCRATES on IP Router Fault Detection", IEEE
GLOBECOM 2000, Nov. 27 - Dec. 1, San Francisco, CA
[7] D. Lee, "Integrated Software System Interoperability Testing", Wiley Encyclopedia of
Electrical and Electronics Engineering, 2001 (invited paper)
[8] A.U. Shankar and D. Lee, "Modulo- N Incarnation Numbers for Cache-based Transport
Protocols", IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking, Vol. 3, No. 3, June 1995, pp. 255 - 268. An
earlier version with a same title appeared in Proc. ICNP, Oct. 1993, pp. 46 - 54
[9] D. Lee, A. N. Netravali, and K. K. Sabnani, "Protocol Pruning", Proceedings of The IEEE,
Vol. 83, No. 10, 1995, pp. 526-542
[10] D. Kristol, D. Lee, A. N. Netravali, and K. Sabnani, "A Polynomial Algorithm for Gateway
Generation from Formal Specifications", IEEE/ACM Trans. on Networking, Vol. 1, No. 2,
April 1993, pp. 217-229. An earlier version with a title "An Efficient Gateway Synthesis from
Formal Specification" appeared in ACM SIGCOMM, September 1991, pp. 89-97
[11] D. Lee, K.K. Ramakrishnan and M. Moh, "A Formal Specification of the ATM ABR Rate
Control Scheme", Computer Networks and ISDN Syst., Vol. 30, 1998, pp. 1735-1748 (invited
paper)
[12] D. Lee, K.K. Ramakrishnan, W.M. Moh and A.U. Shankar, "Performance and Correctness
of the ATM ABR Rate Control Scheme", Proc. IEEE INFOCOM'97, April 1997
[13] N. Griffeth, R. Hao, D. Lee and R. Sinha, "Testing Interoperability of Reactive
Communication Systems", AST'99 - Automated Software Testing conference, Lisle, IL,
November 11-12, 1999
[14] D. Lee, D. Su, L. Collica and N. Golmie, "Conformance Test Suite for the ABR Rate
Control Scheme in TM v4.0", ATM Forum/97-0034, February, 1997
[15] D. Lee, W. M. Moh, K. K. Ramakrishnan and A. U. Shankar, "An Extended Finite State
Machine Representation of the Source/Destination Behavior", ATM Forum Contribution
ATM_Forum/96 - 0231, Feb. 1996
[16] D. Lee, K. K. Ramakrishnan, W. M. Moh and A. U. Shankar, "Protocol Specification
Using Parameterized Communicating Extended Finite State Machines - A Case Study of the
ATM ABR Rate Control Scheme", Proc. ICNP, October 1996, pp. 208-217
[17] D. Lee, D. Su, L. Collica and N. Golmie, "Conformance Test Suite for the ABR Rate
Control Scheme in TM v4.0", ATM Forum/97 - 0034, February, 1997
[18] D. Cypher, D. Lee, M. Martin-Villalba, C. Prins, and D, Su, "Formal Specification,
Verification, and Interoperability Testing of ATM Routing Protocol: PNNI", Proc.
FORTE/PSTV, 1998
II. All-optical network protocol and software system design and implementations
[1] C. Chi, D. Huang, D. Lee and X. Sun, "Signaling in All-optical Network Systems",
ICII'2001 (invited paper, keynote)
[2] C. Chi, D. Huang, D. Lee and X. Sun, "Lazy Flooding: A New Technique for Information
Dissemination in Distributed Network Systems", OFC'2002
III. Communication protocol system design, analysis, integration, interface, reliability and test
automation
[1] D. Lee and M. Yannakakis, "Principles and Methods of Testing Finite State Machines - A
Survey", Proceedings of The IEEE, Vol. 84, No. 8, August 1996, pp. 1090 – 1123
[2] D. Lee and M. Yannakakis, "Testing Finite State Machines: State Identification and
Verification", IEEE Trans. on Computers, Vol. 43, No. 3, March 1994, pp. 306-320. An
extended abstract with a title "Testing Finite State Machines" appeared in Proc. 23rd Annual
ACM Symposium Theory of Computing, May 1991, pp. 476-485
[3] M. Yannakakis and D. Lee, "Testing Finite State Machines: Fault Detection", J. Computer
Science and Systems, Vol. 50, No. 2, 1995, pp. 209-227
[4] D. Lee and M. Yannakakis, "Closed Partition Lattice and Machine Decomposition", IEEE
Trans. on Computers, Vol. 51, No. 2, 2001, pp. 216-228
[5] A. V. Aho, A. T. Dahbura, D. Lee, and M. U. Uyar, "An Optimization Technique for
Protocol Conformance Test Generation Based on UIO Sequences and Rural Chinese Postman
Tours", IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. 39, No. 11, 1991, pp. 1604-1615. An
earlier version with a same title appeared in Proc. IFIP WG 6.18th International Symposium on
Protocol Specification, Testing, and Verification, June 1988
[6] D. Lee and M. Yannakakis, "On-line Minimization of Transition Systems", Proc. 24th
Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, May 1992, pp. 264-274
[7] D. Lee, A. N. Netravali, K. K. Sabnani, B. Sugla, and A. John, "Passive Testing and its
Applications to Network Management", Proc. ICNP, October 1997
[8] D. Lee and M. Yannakakis, "Conformance Testing", Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and
Electronics Engineering,1998 (invited paper)
[9] D. Lee and R. Hao, "Test Sequence Selection", Proc. PSTV - FORTE'2001
[10] D. Lee and R. Hao, "Efficient Algorithms for Test Sequence Selection", Proc. FATE'2001
(invited paper, keynote)
[11] D. Lee, D. Chen, R. Hao, R. E. Miller, J. Wu, and X. Yin, "A Formal Approach for Passive
Testing of Protocol Data Portions", Proc. ICNP'2002
[12] T. F. LaPorta, D. Lee, Y.-J. Lin, and M. Yannakakis, "Protocol Feature Interactions", Proc.
FORTE/PSTV, 1998
[13] D. Lee and M. Yannakakis, "Optimization Problems from Feature Testing of
Communication Protocols", Proc. ICNP, October 1996, pp. 66-75
[14] M. Yannakakis and D. Lee, "Testing Finite State Machines", Proc. CSL, November 1998
(invited paper)
[15] M. Yannakakis and D. Lee, "An Efficient Algorithm for Minimizing Real-time Transition
Systems", J. of Formal Methods in System Design, 1996. An earlier version appeared in Proc.
CAV, 1993, pp. 210-224
[16] D. Lee, K. K. Sabnani, D. M. Kristol and S. Paul, "Conformance Testing of Protocols
Specified as Communicating Finite State Machines - a Guided Random Walk Based Approach",
IEEE Trans. on Communications, Vol. 44, No. 5, 1996, pp. 631-640. An earlier version with a
title "Conformance Testing of Protocols Specified as Communicating FSMs" appeared in IEEE
INFOCOM'93, March 30 - April 1, 1993, pp. 115-127
[17] A. Cavalli, D. Lee, C. Rinderknecht and F. Zaidi, "HIT-OR-JUMP: an Algorithm for
Embedded Testing with Applications to IN Services", Proc. FORTE/PSTV, 1999
[18] S. Huang, D. Lee and M. Staskauskas, "Validation-based Test Sequence Generation for
Networks of Extended Finite State Machines", Proc. FORTE/PSTV, October 1996
[19] D. Lee and K. Sabnani, "Reverse Engineering of Communication Protocols", Proc. ICNP,
October 1993, pp. 208 – 216
[20] D. Lee and D. Su, "Modeling and Testing of Protocol Systems", Proc. IWTCS'97, pp. 339364, September, 1997
[21] E. Ayanoglu and D. Lee, "Reading Notes on Network Management Part I: Fault
Management", Bell Laboratories Tech Memo, May 1998
[22] C. Besse, A. Cavalli, and D. Lee, "An Automatic and Optimized Test Generation
Technique Applying to TCP/IP Protocol", Proc. ASE, 1999
[23] D. Wang, R. Hao and D. Lee, "Fault Detection in Rule-based Software Systems", Proc.
CPWCSE'2001 (invited paper)
[24] A. Cavalli, D. Lee and S. Maag, "A Scenario-based Approach to Communication Software
Systems Feature Interactions with Applications to IP Telephony", Proc. of International
Conference on Software Engineering and Applications, 2002
IV. Theoretical Computer Science and Applied Mathematics
[1] A. V. Aho and D. Lee, "Storing a Dynamic Sparse Table", Proc. 27th Annual Symposium on
Foundations of Computer Science, October 1986, pp. 55-60
[2] M. Yannakakis and D. Lee, "Testing Finite State Machines", Proc. 23rd Annual ACM
Symposium Theory of Computing, May 1991, pp. 476 – 485
[3] D. Lee and M. Yannakakis, "On-line Minimization of Transition Systems", Proc. 24th
Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing, May 1992, pp. 264-274
[4] D. Lee, "Fast Multiplication of a Recursive Block Toeplitz Matrix by a Vector and its
Application", J. of Complexity, Vol. 2, 1986, pp. 295-305
[5] A. V. Aho and D. Lee, "Efficient Algorithms for Constructing Testing Sets, Covering Paths,
and Minimum-flows", CSTR #159, 1991
[6] D. Lee and G. W. Wasilkowski, "Approximation of Linear Functionals on a Banach Space
with a Gaussian Measure", J. of Complexity, Vol. 2, 1986, pp. 12-43
[7] D. Lee and J. H. Shiau, "Multivariate Splines with Discontinuities and Fast Algorithms for
their Computation", SIAM J. on Scientific and Statistical Computing, Vol. 15, No. 6, November
1994, pp. 1311-1329
[8] J. F. Traub and D. Lee, "Integration of Functions of Bounded Variation", Mathematics of
Computation, Vol. 45, No. 172, 1985, pp. 505-512
[9] D. Lee, "Approximation of Linear Operators on a Wiener Space", Rocky Mountain J. of
Mathematics, Vol. 16, No. 4, 1986, pp. 641-659
[10] D. Lee, "Discontinuity Detection, Classification, and Measurement", SIAM J. on Scientific
and Statistical Computing, Vol. 12, March 1991. An extended abstract with a title
"Discontinuity Detection and Curve Fitting" appeared in Approximation Theory VI, C. K. Chui,
L. L. Schumaker, and J. D. Ward Ed., Academic Press, Boston, 1989
[11] D. Lee, "A Note on the Bivariate Box Splines on a k-direction Mesh", Computational and
Applied Mathematics, Vol. 15, No. 1, 1986, pp. 117-121
V. Numerical Software and Operator Testing
[1] D. Lee, H. Wozniakowski, "A Probabilistic Analysis of Testing Linear Operators on Hilbert
Spaces with a Gaussian Measure", Theoretical Computer Science, 2001
[2] D. Lee and H. Wozniakowski, "Testing Linear Operators", BIT, Vol. 35, 1995, pp. 331-351
[3] D. Lee and H. Wozniakowski, "Testing Nonlinear Operators", Numerical Algorithms, Vol. 9,
1995, pp. 319-342
[4] D. Lee and H. Wozniakowski, "Testing Linear Operators - an Average Case Analysis", BIT,
2000
[5] R. Churchill and D. Lee, "Harmonic Oscillator at Low Energy, Classical and Quantum
Models and Arithmetic Problems", D. V. Chudnovsky and G. V. Chudnovsky Ed., Marcel
Dekker Inc., New York, 1984, pp. 239-286
[6] V. D. Agrawal, D. Lee and H. Wozniakowski, "Numerical Computation of Characteristic
Polynomials of Boolean Functions and its Applications, Numerical Algorithms", Vol. 17, 1998,
pp. 261-278
[7] D. Lee and H. Wozniakowski, "Approximate Evaluations of Characteristic Polynomials of
Boolean Functions", Theoretical Computer Science, Vol. 262, 2001, pp. 37-68
VI. Image Processing
(A) Edge and Discontinuities Detection
[1] D. Lee, "Coping with Discontinuities in Computer Vision: their Detection, Classification,
and Measurement", IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 12,
No. 4, 1990, pp. 321-343. An earlier version with the same title appeared in Proc. The Second
International Conference on Computer Vision, December 1988, pp. 546 – 557
[2] D. Lee and T. Pavlidis, "One-dimensional Regularization with Discontinuities", IEEE
Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 10, No. 6, 1988, pp. 822 - 829.
An earlier version with the same title appeared in Proc. The First International Conference on
Computer Vision, June 1987, pp. 572-577
[3] D. Lee, G. W. Wasilkowski, and R. Mehrotra, "A New Zero-crossing-based Discontinuity
Detector", IEEE Trans. on Image Processing, April 1993, pp. 265-268. An earlier version with a
title "An Optimal Zero-crossing-based Discontinuity Detector" appeared in Proc. 7th
Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis, August 1991
[4] M. Chen, D. Lee, and T. Pavlidis, "Residual Analysis for Feature Detection", IEEE
Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, Vol. 13, No. 1, 1991, pp. 30-40. An
earlier version with the same title appeared in Proc. IEEE 11th Int. Conf. on Pattern Recognition
[5] D. Lee and G. W. Wasilkowski, "Discontinuity Detection and Thresholding - a Stochastic
Approach", J. of Complexity, April 1993. An earlier version with the same title appeared in
Proc. IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June
1991, pp. 208 – 214
[6] D. Lee, "Edge Detection, Classification, and Measurement", Proc. IEEE Computer Society
Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June 1989, pp. 2-10
[7] K. Huang, D. Lee, and T. Pavlidis, "Edge Detection through Two-dimensional
Regularization", Proc. IEEE Computer Society Workshop on Computer Vision, November 1987,
pp. 225 - 227
[8] D. Lee, T. Pavlidis, and K. Huang, "Edge Detection through Residual Analysis", Proc. IEEE
Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June 1988, pp. 215
– 222
[9] D. Lee, "Edge Detection from Severely Degraded Images", Advances in Image Analysis, Y.
Mahdavieh and R. C. Gonzalez Ed., SPIE Optical Engineering Press, Bellingham, Washington,
1992, pp. 55 – 74
[10] D. Lee, "Discontinuity Detection from Band-limited Signals", J. of Complexity, Vol. 6,
1990, pp. 170 – 191
[11] D. Lee and J. H. Shiau, "Surface Reconstruction with Discontinuities", Proc. SPIE, Vol.
1383, Sensor Fusion III: 3-D Perception and Recognition, November 1990, pp. 297 - 304
(B) Shape and Feature Recognition and Reconstruction
[1] D. Lee, "A Provably Convergent Algorithm for Shape from Shading", Shape from Shading,
B. K. P. Horn and M. J. Brooks Ed., MIT Press, 1989, pp. 349 - 373. An earlier version with the
same title appeared in Proc. Image Understanding Workshop, DARPA, December 1985, pp. 489
– 496
[2] Y. Vardi and D. Lee, "From Image Deblurring to Optimal Investments: Maximum
Likelihood Solutions for Positive Linear Inverse Problems", J. Royal Statist. Soc. B, Vol. 55,
No. 3, 1993. Read at the Research Section Meeting of the Royal Statistical Society on
December 16, 1992, London, and published with discussions
[3] D. Lee and Y. Vardi, "Experiments on Image Motion Deblurring Using Maximum
Likelihood Methods", Advances in Applied Statistics, Vol. II, K. V. Mardia Ed., Abington,
Carfax Pub. Co., 1994, pp. 355 – 383
[4] Y. Vardi and D. Lee, "The Discrete Radon Transform and its Approximate Inversion via the
EM Algorithm", Proc. Workshop of Discrete Tomography, September, 1997
[5] D. Lee, "Algorithms for Shape from Shading and Occluding Boundaries",
Proc. IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June
1988, pp. 478 – 485
[6] T. Pavlidis and D. Lee, "Residual Analysis for Feature Extraction", Pre-proc. COST 13
Workshop, August 1988
[7] D. Lee, A. Papageorgiou, and G. W. Wasilkowski, "Computing Optical Flow", Proc. IEEE
Computer Society Workshop on Visual Motion, March 1989, pp. 99 – 106
(C) Miscellaneous
[1] D. Lee, "Some Computational Aspects of Low-level Computer Vision", Proceedings of The
IEEE, Vol. 76, No. 8, 1988, pp. 890 – 898
[2] D. Lee, T. Pavlidis, and G. W. Wasilkowski, "A Note on the Trade-off between Sampling
and Quantization in Signal Processing", J. of Complexity, Vol. 3, 1987, pp. 359 – 371
[3] D. Lee, A. Papageorgiou, and G. W. Wasilkowski, "Computational Aspects of Determining
Optical Flow", Proc. The Second International Conference on Computer Vision, December
1988. pp. 612 – 617
[4] D. Lee, "Optimal Algorithms for Image Understanding: Current Status and Future Plans", J.
of Complexity, Vol. 1, 1985, pp. 138 – 146
[5] J. R. Kender and D. Lee, "An Information Centered Approach to Optimal Algorithms
Applied to the 2&1/2-D Sketch", Proc. Image Understanding Workshop, DARPA, October
1984, pp. 107 – 112
[6] J. R. Kender, D. Lee, and T. E. Boult, "Information-based Complexity Applied to Optimal
Recovery of 2&1/2-D Sketch", Proc. IEEE Computer Society Third Workshop on Computer
Vision: Representation and Control, October 1985, pp. 157-167
[7] M. Brown and D. Lee, "From a Sequence of Images to a Depth Map", Proc. IASTED
International Symposium on Robotics and Automation, May 1987, pp. 6 – 11
VII. Circuit Design and Analysis
[1] D. Lee, "Comparators with Completion Signal", IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. C34, No. 9, 1985, pp. 855-857
[2] V. D. Agrawal and D. Lee, "Characteristic Polynomial Method for Verification and Test of
Combinational Circuits", ACET, 1995
[3] D. Lee, "A Note on the Topological Design of a PLA", Department of Computer Science
Technical Report, Columbia University, 1985
VIII. Ph. D. Thesis
D. Lee, "Contributions to Information-based Complexity, Image Understanding, and Logic
Circuit Design", Department of Computer Science, Columbia University, 1985