Online supplementary material for Sardell et al.: Sex-specific differential survival of extra-pair and within-pair offspring in
song sparrows, Melospiza melodia
Table S1. A literature review of published studies that used wild bird populations to directly compare the survival of extra-pair
young (EPY) and within-pair young (WPY).
Data presented include: sample size of broods and/or chicks (n), whether the
difference in survival between EPY and WPY at various life-history stages was statistically significant and if so the direction of the
difference (n/s indicates instances where the difference in survival was not significant), whether the analyses included a half-sibling
survival comparison, and whether tests for extra-pair status by sex or extra-pair status by environment interactions were explicitly
reported. When the survival difference among EPY and WPY from mixed paternity broods (i.e., those known to contain ≥1EPY and
≥1 WPY) was reported in addition to the difference among all sampled EPY and WPY, only the former results are presented. This
review highlights the lack of studies that have tested either for differences in long-term survival (lifespan) between EPY and WPY
half-siblings or for sex- and environment-specific differences in relative survival of EPY and WPY.
study
species
hatch
fledge
[1]
Reed bunting
Emberiza
schoeniclus
n/s
[2]
Seychelles
warbler,
Acrocephalus
sechellensis
Blue tit
Cyanistes
caeruleus
[4]
[5]
[3]
[6]
[7]
[8]
recruitment
lifespan
n
half-sibling
n/s
independence
(or recapture
prerecruitment)
-
yes
extra-pair
status by
sex
interaction
no
extra-pair
status by
environment
interaction
no
-
-
-
-
n/s*
n/s
n/s
393 chicks
(hatch),
269 chicks
(fledge)
160 chicks
no
no
101 broods/
1332 chicks
yes
no
yes
no
-
10 broods
(fledge) ,
17 broods
(recruitment)
7 broods
yes (high/ low
quality
seasons
compared, n/s)
yes (3 sites
compared,
EPY > WPY in
1 of 3
populations,
other 2 n/s)
no
-
EPY >
WPY
-
n/s
-
Blue tit
Cyanistes
caeruleus
-
EPY >
WPY
-
n/s
-
Tree swallow
Tachycineta
bicolor
Black swan
Cygnus
atratus
Collared
flycatcher,
Ficedula
albicollis
Blue tit
Cyanistes
caeruleus
-
n/s
-
-
yes
no
no
-
-
n/s+
-
-
23 broods
yes
no
no
-
-
-
n/s
-
101 chicks
no
no
no
-
-
-
n/s
-
15 broods
no
no
no
[8]
Great tit
Parus
major
Great tit
Parus
major
Blue tit
Cyanistes
caeruleus
Tree swallow
Tachycineta
bicolor
House wren
Troglodytes
aedon
Coal tit
Periparus ater
-
-
-
n/s
-
11 broods
no
no
no
-
-
-
n/s
-
510 chicks
no
no
no
-
EPY >
WPY
-
-
-
49 broods/
452 chicks
yes
no
no
-
n/s
-
-
-
40 broods/
217 chicks
no
no
no
-
-
n/s
-
103 broods/
584 chicks
no
no
no
-
-
-
n/s
-
101 broods
yes
no
[14]
Coal tit
Periparus ater
-
-
-
n/s overall
-
287 broods/
2126 chicks
yes
no
[15]
Coal tit
Periparus ater
-
-
-
-
n/s
116 broods/
168 recruits
yes
yes (n/s)
[16]
Great tit
Parus major
-
-
-
n/s
-
261 chicks
no
no
yes (1st/2nd
broods
compared, n/s)
yes (1st/2nd
broods
compared: n/s
for first broods,
EPY > WPY
for second
broods)
(3 cohorts
compared, n/s)
yes (1st/2nd
broods
compared, n/s)
(3 cohorts
compared, n/s)
no
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
[17]
Reed bunting
Emberiza
schoeniclus
n/s
n/s
EPY
>
WPY
-
-
765 chicks
(hatch),
18 broods
(fledge),
23 broods
(independence)
no (hatch),
yes (fledge &
independence)
no
[18]
American crow
Corvus
brachyrhynchos
Tree swallow
Tachycineta
bicolor
-
-
n/s
n/s
n/s
162 chicks
no
no
Yes for
independence
(6 cohorts
compared: not
tested
statistically but
all years
showed
consistent
pattern
EPY>WPY)
no
n/s
n/s
-
-
-
no (hatch),
yes (fledge)
no
no
Song sparrow
Melospiza
melodia
-
-
n/s
n/s
n/s for
chicks but
for recruits
EPY<WPY
54 broods/
281 chicks
(hatch),
43 broods
(fledge)
245 broods/773
chicks
(independence
& recruitment),
154 broods/471
chicks (lifespan
of chicks),
77 broods/99
recruits
(lifespan of
recruits)
yes
yes
(significant
interaction
found for
recruitment
and lifespan
of chicks)
yes
(first/second
brood
comparison:
both n/s)
[19]
This
study
* survival to ca. 6 months post-fledge
+ survival to 8 months
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