BIOLOGY—Dr. Shannon
FINAL EXAM REVIEW PACKET
GHS 2008
TAKE HOME FINAL REVIEW TEST QUESTIONS ARE WORTH 1 point each for Credit .5 points
each if this is for extra credit
DNA AND PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
1.
Prokaryotes have their DNA in the _________ while most Eukaryotic DNA is in the _______.
A.
Chloroplast, mitochondria
B.
Mitochondria, cell membrane
C.
Cytoplasm, Nucleus
D.
Nucleus, Nucleolus
2.
The fundamental unit of DNA is a nucleotide which contains:
A.
Deoxyribose
B.
A nitrogenous base
C.
A phosphate group
D.
All of the above
E.
None of the above
3.
The difference in the genetic code between one organism and another is
a) the types of nucleotides used uracil for prokaryotes, thymine for eukaryotes
b) the order or sequence of nucleotides
c) the type of sugar used
d) prokaryotes use ribose, eukaryotes use deoxyribose
4.
Copying of the DNA code into an identical double strand involves several steps, which set
involves the correct sequence of steps.
a. Unwinding and splitting of the double helix, 2) Base pairing of nucleotides to the unpaired
strands,3) Joining of paired nucleotides by DNA polymerase
b. Base pairing of nucleotides to the unpaired strands, 2) Joining of paired nucleotides by DNA
polymerase 3) Unwinding and splitting of the double helix
c. joining of paired nucleotides by DNA polymerase, 2) Unwinding and splitting of the double helix,
3) Base pairing of nucleotides to the unpaired strands,
Genes control body chemistry by ultimately specifying the structure of:
a. carbohydrates
b. lipids
c. phospholipids
d. proteins
e. water
5.
Copying of the DNA code into a complimentary mRNA strand is referred to as ___________ and
takes place in the __________ while converting the mRNA code into a polypeptide is known as
________ and occurs in the cytoplasm or ER on ________.
A. transcription, nucleolus, transformation, mitochondria
B. translation, nucleolus, transcription, ribosomes
C. transcription, nucleus, translation, ribosomes
D. translocation, mutations, silencing, genes
Biology FINAL EXAM REVIEW PACKET
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For questions 6-9, match each the correct function to each molecule
a) DNA only
b) mRNA
c) tRNA
d) ribosomal RNA
6.
7.
8.
9.
Carries a code for one protein from the nucleus to the ribosome
Acts like an adaptor on one end binding nucleotides and the other binding to an amion acid
part of the ribosome can serve as a binding site for tRNA
Contains the hereditary information of all genes of an organism
Use the chart below to answer questions 10-.14
10. Which of the following is the correct code for the start codon?
a) ATG
b) UAC
c) TTG
d) AUG
e) AAA
11. Given the DNA sequence GGGCCCTTT what is the amino acid sequence?
A.
Pro-Gly-Lys
B.
Lys-Gly-Pro
C.
Met-Pro-Gly
D.
Gly-Met-Pro
12. Which tRNA anti-codon does not exist?
a) AUU
b) AAA
c) UUU
d) GGG
13. Which of the following is a primary cause for deletion mutations?
a) chemicals
b) X-rays
c) NADPH
d) glucose
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14. Mutations in _______ cells will possibly be passed down to offsping
a) brain cells
b) muscle cells
c) sex cells
d) blood cell
GENETICS
Use the karyotype below to answer questions 16-18.
15. The karyotype indicates Down Syndrome as indicated by ____________.
A.
A short chromosome 5
B.
A missing band on the X chromosome
C.
2 X chromosomes
D.
A small Y chromosome
E.
An extra chromosome 21
16. Non-disjunction chromosomal disorders
A.
Will produce Offspring with extra chromosomes
B.
Will produce Offspring missing chromosomes
C.
Occur during gamete production in meiosis
D.
All of the above
E.
None of the above
17. A chromosomal disorder resulting from nondisjunction is
a) Edward’s Syndrome b) cystic fibrosis c) color blindness d) William’s Syndrome
18. In humans the photo-sneeze reflex is due to a Autosomal Dominant gene.
If a non-sneezer male marries a woman who is a heterozygous sneezer, what are the
possible genotypes of their offspring?
a) All Ss
b) All ss
c) half SS, half Ss
d) half Ss, half ss
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19. Sickle cell anemia shows a phenomena called the heterozygous advantage. This means that
people with one copy of the defective hemoglobin gene have an advantage of being resistant to
malaria. Both men and women who are homozygous experience lack of oxygen and tissue
damage due to mishapen “sickle cell” shaped red blood cells. Based on this information sicke
cell anemia is a(n)
A.
X-linked recessive disorder
B.
Autosomal dominant disorder
C.
Autosomal recessive disorder
D.
Y-linked recessive disorder
E.
X-linked dominant disorder
20. Cystic Fibrosis is due to a defective chloride channel involved in homeostasis that is expressed
in the lungs and the intestines. This autosomal dominant disorder therefore most likely causes
problems with:
A.
Accumulation of a thick mucus in the lungs and digestive tract causing lack
of food absorption and difficulty breathing
B.
Blockage of white blood cells in the arteries of the limbs
C.
Lack of oxygen to the lungs and hair follicles
D.
Fibroids growing in the uterus of women
E.
Fibromyalgia that affects men and women equally
21. What is the most likely mode of inheritance for the genetic trait/disease shown in the pedigree
below
a.
b.
c.
d.
Autosomal Dominant
Autosomal Recessive
X-linked Recessive
X-linked Dominant
Use the information below to answer questions 22-23.
Mixed up Baby Crisis
You are a genetic counselor and have been called to Greenwich Hospital to solve the mystery of
the mixed up babies......their ID bands have fallen off so you will have to use blood typing to test
and match the families. Here is the data table containing you results.
Mr. Brown = AB
Mrs. Brown = A
Mr. Pink= A
Mrs. Pink= O
Hint Use Punnett Squares to figure this out
Child #1 = O
Child #2 = B
22. Child #1 is
a.
a member of the Brown family
b.
A member of the Pink Family
c.
Could be a member of either family
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23. Child #2 is
a.
a member of the Brown family
b.
A member of the Pink Family
c.
Could be a member of either family
24. If Child # 2 needed a Blood transfusion who would the most likely donor be from this group of
people.
a.
Mr. Pink
b.
Mrs. Pink
c.
Mr. Brown
d.
Mrs. Brown
e.
None of these people could ever donate blood to child #2
25. Which person has a codominant phenotype.
a.
Mr. Pink
b.
Mrs. Pink
c.
Mr. Brown
d.
Mrs. Brown
CASE Study Blue People of Troublesome Creek 26-28
A man with blue skin (Martin) arrived in Troublesome Creek, Kentucky from his native France. He
married and raised a family. Four of his seven children were blue! Examine a pair of Martin’s
Chromosomes and analyze his traits.
B= normal skin color
b= blue skin color
S= curly hair
s= straight hair
R= right-handed
r= left handed
b
s
b
s
R
r
E
e
t
t
T= taster
P
t=Martin’s
non-taster
26.
genotype for the blue condition is _______.
A.
P
homozygous dominant
dominant
P=B.male heterozygous
pattern baldness
C.
homozygous recessive
p=D.not bald
heterozygous recessive
27. Martin’s mother had blue skin and his father did not. What was Martin’s father’s genotype for
Blue Skin.
A.
BB
B.
Bb
C.
Bb
D.
BbB
E.
Pp
28. In humans the ability to taste phenylthiocarbimide (PTC) is due to a dominant gene.
If Martin marries a woman who is a heterozygous taster, what is the ratio of tasters to non-tasters
in their offspring.
a) 1:1 b) 3:1 c) 2:1 d) 1:2
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BIOENGINEERED FOODS
29. Genetically altered foods ______________ be labeled in the United States.
a) can be
b) must be
c) are not
d) will be required on July 1st 2008 to
30. Risks associated with genetically modified foods are
a) not present
b) not fully understood as they haven’t been used very long
c) too great for anyone to eat them.
31. Which is true about genetically altered foods in the USA?
a) products are not available in the supermarkets
b) products are not labeled
c) all products are imported from Europe
32.
The the addition or subtraction of genes from an organism or changing of DNA sequence of a
gene in an organism by using vectors, targeted mutation and restriction enzymes is referred to as
a.
Genetic engineering
b.
Cross breeding
c.
Selective breeding
d.
Artificial Selection
USE THE DNA FINGERPRINT DATA BELOW TO ANSWER QUESTIONS 33-34
The diagram below is a DNA fingerprint from a Sexual Assault case, Ladders show the relative
size of fragments of DNA. DNA pieces are also amplified from 2 Suspects, and the victim.
Evidence consisted of female cells and sperm cells left at the crime scene and or on the victim.
The victim’s boyfriend DNA fingerprint is also shown. K562 is a control to show the process is
working. The banding patterns are the result of using electrophoresis to separate different sizes
of DNA.
33.
The DNA fingerprint for the Victim and the female cells from the crime scene are the same.
What is the explanation for this?
a.
The sample and the victim are similar
b.
The sample is from the victim.
c.
All female DNA comes up the same on a DNA fingerprint
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34.
Based on this evidence who is most likely committed the crime
a.
Suspect 1
b.
Suspect 2
c.
The Boyfriend
d.
You can’t tell from this data
EVOLUTION
Prior to the Industrial Revolution black moths were very rare in the English Countryside. Coal
burning factories during this period blackened tree trunks and after a number of years black
moths appeared to be more common.
35.
What is a possible reason for the increase in the increase in black moths.
a.
black moths are better camouflaged and therefore selected for survival and reproduction.
b.
The soot made the moths mutate.
c.
They immigrated into the area
d.
The white moths emigrated from the area
36.
Yeast shares 25% of its DNA nucleotides for the Cytochrome C gene with humans, chimps and
humans share 98% of nucleotides for this gene, pigs and humans share 66%, and chickens and humans
share 52%. Based on this data which statement characterizes the order of evolutionary relatedness to
humans.
a.
chimps> pigs > chickens > yeast
b.
yeast > chickens > pigs > chimps
c.
pigs > chickens > yeast > chimps
d.
yeast > chimps > pigs > chickens
37.
Natural selection is the process by which
a) organisms with traits suited to the environment survive and reproduce at a
greater rate than other organisms
b) acquired traits are passed from one generation to the next
c) the age of the earth is calculated
d) all the choices are correct
38.
One common way for a population to evolve into two separate species is
a) continued interbreeding between variable phenotypes in the population
b) genes are exchanged between the populations
c) A similar environmental condition over the entire area containing the population
d) geographic isolation occurs
39.
“A species does not change in order to survive; rather the environment determines
a.
which organisms survive.” This statement
b.
is characteristic of the theory of acquired characteristics
c.
supports the idea of survival of the fittest
d.
is typical Mendelian genetics
e.
was proved wrong by Darwin
40.
The DNA nucleotide sequence of chimps and humans is about 98% identical this suggests that
same. This suggests that these species
a.
are evolving into the same species
b.
have the same number of mutations
c.
humans evolved from chimps
d.
have evolved from a common ancestor
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41.
Homologous structures such as a wing of a bat and the flipper of a whale are from _______
ancestor and _________ the same function.
a.
A different, same
b.
A common, may or may not have
c.
A different, may or may not have
d.
A similar, same
42.
An example of a vestigial structure is the
a)
Whale’s flipper
b) human appendix
c) bat’s wing
d) cat's claw
POPULATION ECOLOGY
43. All the cardinals (a specific bird species) in the Northeast deciduous forest of the United States
would be defined as
a) genus
b) population
c) niche
d) cadre
Use the Graph Below to answer questions 44-46 Answer A B or C
44. Which Letter shows the carrying capacity?
45. Which letter illustrates exponential growth?
46. Which of the following might lead to leveling out of the graph shown in C.
a.
Limited food
b.
Decreased birth rate
c.
Increased death rate
d.
All of the above
e.
None of the above
47. Other than decreased birth rate and increased death rate what can decrease the population.
a) emigration
b) abandonment
c) immigration
d) succession
USE the Population Graphs to answer questions 48-50
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Country I (A)
Country II (B)
47. Which Country is more likely to have a better developed health care system in terms of
availability to all citizens.
48. Which County has a higher birth rate?
49. Which Country has a higher life expectancy?
50. Which country is most likely more developed or industrialized?
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