Name_________________
Date_________________
Hour________________
Animal Reproduction PPT Study Guide KEY
Jason Gehrke
3025A, 3025M, 3025N
Hormones
Testosterone is _____________________________________________.
Female
Estrogen is critical for follicle development.
Progesterone_______________________________________________.
Relaxin ___________________________________________________.
Oxytocin causes milk letdown.
Male Reproductive System
The testicles are the site for what two processes:
A. ______________________________________
B. ______________________________________
The Epididymis is used for __________ __________ and ___________.
The Scrotum protects __________ and ____________ ____________.
The Vas Deferans transports sperm from epididymis to the urethra.
The Urethra is a tube inside of penis transports __________ or
__________ exterior.
The Penis is the organ of copulation.
Female Reproductive System
Ovaries produce eggs that contain ½ of the genetic makeup.
The Oviducts are the site of __________ and transport embryos to
uterus.
The Uterus is the site of __________ __________ during gestation.
The Cervix connects the uterus and vagina, but also serves as a barrier
during pregnancy.
The Vagina is the female organ of copulation during mating.
The Vulva is the __________ __________ of the reproductive system
Name_________________
Date_________________
Hour________________
Events of Reproduction
Puberty is _________________________________________________.
Reproduction process occurs within __________.
Estrous cycle is the repetitive cycle occurring when pregnancy does not
take place.
Estrus is when an animal is in “__________” or receptivity to mating.
Fertilization is when the __________ & __________ unite.
Only real male contribution is the sperm.
Gestation is the length of time of pregnancy.
Parturition is the act of __________ __________.
Age of Puberty
Cattle:
Sheep:
Swine:
Horses:
Humans:
__________Months
__________Months
__________Months
__________Months
9 to 16 YEARS
Estrous Cycle
Cattle: Polyestrous (cycle throughout year)
Sheep: Seasonal (Decreasing light, Fall)
Swine: __________ (cycle throughout year)
Horses: __________ (Increasing daylight, Spring)
Length of Estrus Cycle
Cattle:
________Days
Sheep:
________Days
Swine:
________Days
Horses: ________Days
Duration of Estrus Cycle
Cattle:
_________ Hours
Sheep:
_________ Hours
Swine:
_________ Hours
Horses: 3 to 8 Days
Signs of Estrus
A. ______________________
B. ______________________
C. ______________________
D. ______________________
Name_________________
Date_________________
Hour________________
Specific Signs of Estrus
Cattle: Visually active mounting
Sheep: Few external signs
Swine: Brace with pressure to back, vocal grunting
Horses: Tease with Stallion and will go nose to nose
Gestation Length
Cattle:
______ Days
Sheep:
______ Days
Swine:
______ Days
Horses: ______ Days
Partition Names in Species
Cattle:
____________
Sheep:
____________
Swine:
____________
Horses: ____________
Signs of Parturition
 __________ abdomen
 Mammary development & __________ secretion
 Swollen vulva and relaxed pelvic ligaments
 Mucous discharge
 Relentlessness and separation from group
 Labor and ____________
 Appearance of placental membrane
 Expulsion of Fetus
 Expulsion of placental membrane
 Bonding behavior of offspring and mother (will vary between
species)
Male Transfer of Sperm
Two different ways
1. Let the male and female naturally engage.
 Male seeks out female in __________
 All controlled by male and female interaction
2. Artificial Insemination (AI)
 Human transfers __________ past female cervix
 Human is in control of male product and female interaction
 No __________ between male and female
Name_________________
Date_________________
Hour________________
Artificial Insemination (AI) Pros
 Conception rate is __________
 Extends use of superior __________
 One ejaculate can __________ many females
 Reduce incidence of venereal diseases
 __________ straw per female
 Improves record keeping and mgt.
 Know exactly who the father is
 Can accelerate __________ improvements
Artificial Insemination (AI) Cons
 Need to know Estrus Cycle of animal
 Cost __________
o Pay for someone to AI animals
AI Use in Farm Animals
Dairy Cattle: __________ used
Beef Cattle: __________ use (herds hard to monitor)
Sheep: __________ (need to use microscope)
Swine: intermediate use
Horses: restricted by breed associations
Turkeys: _________________________
Basic AI Process
1. Check for Heat
2. Have all necessary tools
 Make sure tools are clean
3. Clean her exterior surface
4. Go through the AI process for the species being bred
5. Assessment, record important information (date, time, who to…
etc)
Name_________________
Date_________________
Hour________________
How Animals Differ
Cattle: Follow cervix through anus, guiding the pipette
Sheep: Use __________ to guide pipette
Swine: __________ of body guiding of pipette
Horses: Restricted by breed