Research Project P-CD – BIOTECH n0 128
ECOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION USING MICOREMEDIATION METHODS
FOR SOILS DEGRADED BY MINING ACTIVITIES (RECOSOL)
Acronym: RECOSOL
Programme: Excellence Research Project
Module: I
Type of Project: P-CD
Thematic Fields: Production and sustainable management of biological resources of soil,
forests and aquatic media
Platforma tehnologică: Forrest resources
Contractor: 'Alexandru Ioan Cuza' University of Iaşi
Contractual Authority: National Center on Programs Management
Project manager: Reader PhD Catalin TANASE
Partners:
'Grigore T. Popa' University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Iasi
'Ion Ionescu de la Brad' University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Iasi
'Stefan cel Mare' University of Suceava
'Petru Poni' Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry of Iasi
Abstract:
The project aim to comparative analysis of biotic and abiotic elements of natural and
anthropical ecosystems by fungi capacity valuation in ecological reconstruction for degraded
soils resulted in mining activities.
The project have been comprised in Production and sustainable management of biological
resources of soil, forests and aquatic media thematic fields because it involves responsible
long-term strategies and investments factors and promotes the community member awareness
regarding the environmental rehabilitation using adequate bioprocesses. We include this
project in Forrest resources technological platform category because it promote security of
socio-ecological complexes and propose sustainable and suitable solutions for socioeconomical context by respect national legislation and the requirements of Acquis
Communitaire implementation in environmental protection field.
The advantages of the ecological reconstruction using micoremediation methods for degraded
soils are the followings:
 involve soil depolluation by reducing of hydrocarbons, pesticides, heavy metals and
radioactive elements;
 permit aeration, breakdown and transportation of organic and inorganic substances,
without silt flow;
 determine reduction of soil erosion protecting useful fauna;
 permit the recover of native mycobiota (mycorrhizal and saprophytic) having an
important role in soil formation process;
 contribute to filtration process of certain parasite protozoa;
 represent natural barriers for harmful carpenter insects and improve nutritive quality of
soil lead to beneficial mycrobiota development;
 permit practical abilities development with educational aim in sustainable preservation
and application of natural background.
Ecological reconstruction using micoremediation methods for soils degraded by mining
activities is pointed out for the following directions:
 soils quality remediation using the mycelium in toxic wastes and different pollutants
decomposition;
 forestry by using sub-products from mushrooms cultivation in plants nutrition and
diversity protection;
 biological control of pests by using certain fungal substances with complex action;
 control of biodiversity erosion using mycofiltration of certain biotic and abiotic
components.
Due to the field complexity, this project will contain five stages, were there was scheduled a
list of objectives and other afferent activities. The research results are used to achieve five
main goals:
i)
ii)
iii)
iv)
v)
make hierarchy scale of the problems / aspects looking at soils quality using
methods based on analyses and experiments for environment risk evaluation;
evaluate the diversity of soil mycrobiota and the diversity of plants from targeted
areas;
isolation, cultivation and identification of fungi species implicated in pollutants
accumulations, which are important in pollutants recycling and at last their
elimination;
selection, implementation and in situ monitoring of some pollutants
micoremediation methods for soils degraded by mining activities;
comparative analyse of the research results intending the evaluation of soil quality
remediation based on depollutant mushrooms.
On long-term, we propose evaluation of expected results on environment following the details
regarding the micoremediation efficiency, usage of biotests as instruments for
ecotoxicological risk evaluation, real prices for implementation of these methods and
modeling of the interactions types between fungi species and environment contaminants.
Objectives correlated presentation of issues supposed to be solved under national and
international context, related to the mentioned thematic area, measurable objectives,
concordance among proposed objectives, programme objectives and programme priorities.
YEAR
2006
ANNUAL OBJECTIVES
PROPOSED ACTIVITIES
STAGE I: ESTABLISHMENT OF ORGANIZATIONAL AND METHODOLOGICAL
BACKGROUND FOR RESEARCHES ACHIEVEMENT
I.1.1: Achievement of experimental and
OBJECTIVE I.1:
operational proceedings through correlation of
Organization of workshop with corporation
partners activities for contractual objectives
members for selection of intervention actions
achievement
and
reference
supports
and of investigation casuistries
establishment
2007
I.2.1: Synthesis and critical analysis of
acquired results in ecological reconstruction of
soils field and assessment of sociological and
socio-economical importance of mining areas
OBJECTIVE I.2:
Critical analysis to actual knowledge stage in I.2.2: Establishment of proper work methods
ecological reconstruction of soils field, on research teams
establishment of target areas and samples I.2.3: Equipments and materials acquisition
gathering
I.2.4: Realization of delimitation of target areas
affected by mining activities
I.2.5: Processing and elaboration of activity
report for STAGE I
STAGE II: ESTABLISHMENT OF THE INVESTIGATIONS TARGET AREAS,
COLLECTING OF SAMPLES AND ELABORATION OF THE INFORMATIONAL DATA
BASE WITH STUDIED AREA OBSERVATIONS
II.3.1: Spatial - temporal
variability
assessment for the main pedo-climate
OBJECTIVE II.3
parameters and their tendency to evolution at
Modeling by SIG and teledetection for target areas level
evolution and actual state of abiotic and II.3.2: Characterization of some representatives
biotic parameters
soil profiles to identify zones with special
problems in degradation of topsoil
II.3.3: Equipments and materials acquisition
II.4.1: Assessment and selection of analyze
methods
II.4.2: Determination of physical parameters:
texture, structure, apparent density and hydrophysical parameters
II.4.3: Chemical parameters and pollutants
OBJECTIVE II.4:
determination: pH, humus, SB, Ah, T, V, total
Physico-chemical
analysis
and
and variable content in N, P, K, Ca, Mg; total
characterization of some representatives soils
content in Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb,
samples comparative with soil resulted on
sulfates,
nitrates,
pesticides,
complex
mining activities
hydrocarbons
II.4.4: Distribution maps elaboration for soil
pollutants and estimation of the vulnerability
degree for representative’s soil in target areas
II.4.5: Processing and elaboration of activity
report for STAGE II
STAGE III: FIELD RESEARCHES TO COMPLETE INFORMATIONAL DATA BASE
WITH DIVERSITY OF SOIL BIOTA
III.5.1:
Isolation,
identification
and
OBJECTIVE III.5:
characterization of some ecophysiological
Collecting and identification of some
groups of microorganisms from rhizospheric
bacteria, algae, fungi, insects and vascular
soil using SEM / TEM analysis
plants considered as environmental quality
III.5.2: Processing the diversity of identified
indicators
organisms using statistical modeling
III.6.1: Valuating the role of fungi in the
transfer of soil elements to vascular plants
III.6.2: Determination of the activity of some
marker enzymes from fungi implicated in soil
depollution: celulolitic complex, peroxydase,
catalaze, super oxide dismutase, polyphenol
oxydase, proteins, complex hydrocarbons
OBJECTIVE III.6:
Study of fungi interactions as response to reduction in simple compound
environment
pressure,
evolution
and III.6.3: Analysis of heavy metals (Cd, Hg, Zn,
adaptation
Pb) and / or radioactive metals (Cs)
concentration in soil-fungi circuit
III.6.4:
Characterization
of
complex
combinations from fungi with heavy metals and
/ or radioactive metals
2007
2008
III.6.5: Experimental results dissemination
through
participation
at
scientific
manifestations and results publication in revues
of specialty. Elaboration of SOIT files
III.6.6: Processing and elaboration of activity
report for STAGE III
STAGE IV: CHARACTERIZATION OF MICOREMEDIATION POTENTIAL FOR
SOME POLLUTANTS IN DUMPS RESULTING FROM MINING ACTIVITIES
IV.7.1:
Selection,
multiplication
and
characterization of isolats with high efficiency
OBJECTIVE IV.7:
in micoremediation
Selection
and
testing
of
potential IV.7.2: Determination of assumption /
decontaminants fungi in laboratory
decontamination level of soil pollutants based
on different categories of fungi
IV.7.3: Equipments and materials acquisition
IV.8.1: Determination of some physiological
and biochemical parameters at selected species
IV.8.2:
Characterization
of
microbiota
dynamics monitored in target areas
IV.8.3: Evaluation of soils mycoremediation
potential in target areas
OBJECTIVE IV.8:
Monitoring of the in situ mycoremediation IV.8.4: Mycoconversion of wasted made by
models performance
polymeric natural and artificial materials
IV.8.5: Selection and in situ implementation of
optimal micoremediation models on soils
degraded by mining activities
IV.8.6: Processing and elaboration of activity
report for STAGE IV
STAGE V: DEVELOPMENT OF OPERATIONAL STRUCTURE FOR SUSTAINABLE
MANAGEMENT THROUGH PROJECT’S RESULTS DISSEMINATION AND
PRACTICAL APPLYING OF SOME MICOREMEDIATION PROCEEDINGS TO
ECOLOGICAL RECONSTRUCTION OF SOILS DEGRADED BY MINING ACTIVITIES
V.9.1: Integration of ecological and socioeconomical
expectations:
sustainable
exploitation scenarios and non-sustainable of
OBJECTIVE V.9:
the ecosystems affected by mining activity.
Establishing a set of actions that include all
Management recommendations
sectors (governmental, public-private and
V.9.2: Workshop arrangement looking to
not-governmental)
to
promote
an
ecological reconstruction problems based on
environmental depollution ecological attitude
micoremediation of soils degraded by mining
based on fungi usage
activities, in co-operation with Calimani
National Park, Environmental Protection
Agency Suceava, Ecology NGOs
V.10.1:
Results
dissemination
through
OBJECTIVE V.10:
participation
at
national
and
international
Promoting through informative materials
and web page for selected mycoremediation scientific manifestations and results publication
methods and establishing some priorities to in revues of specialty. Elaboration of SOIT
follow-up the researches by involving files
academic medium and decision markers
V.10.2: Elaboration and publish the final report
Modalities to complete the researches:
1. Perform physico-chemical analysis on soil representative samples from investigated
areas in preliminary stage of abiotic parameters study and covering test and cultivation
periods of the mycoremedial species (ph, humus, SB, Ah, T, V, total and mobile content in N,
P, K, Ca, Mg, total content in Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Cd, Cr, Co, Ni, Pb, sulfites, nitrites, pesticides,
complex hydrocarbons).
2. Initial and continuous analyses on experiments for identification of contaminants
type, concentration and distribution within soil.
3. Develop of spatial modeling algorithms for SIG insert data, adjustments and target
areas perimetration
4. Distinguish the rhizosphere effect, micro-biota examination by morphological,
physiological and biochemical criteria; categorize rhizospheric bacteria in physiological and
nutritional groups; selection of the efficient decontaminant micro-biota combined with the
mycoremedial species.
5. Samplers the zoological materials, species identification, behavior of organisms face
to host plants and the effect of this behavior.
6. Determination of some physiological and biochemical parameters on fungi species
with micoremediation potential from investigated areas: water content, dried materials, main
macro-elements, heavy metals, pesticides, sulfites, nitrites, marker-enzymes activity for soil
decontamination: celulolitic complex, peroxydase, catalaze, super oxide dimutase, polyphenol
oxydase, proteins, complex hydrocarbons reduction in simple compounds.
7. Test the mycoremediation capacity in laboratory / pilot-stations / in situ using
different work possibilities follow the contaminants concentration, rhizospheric micro-biota,
and soil physico-chemical parameters; collecting, cultivate, isolating and identify species with
maximal mycoremediation potential.
8. Analysis of diversity for spontaneous flora; selection of species with importance in
ecological reconstruction of heaps of barren rock; analysis of rhizospheric micobiota in
laboratory / greenhouse / pilot / in situ using more work variants (soil parameters and in
different ontogenetic stages at plants); selection / cultivation of species with maximal
potential in ecological reconstruction of target areas.
9. Achievement of the preliminary stages for in situ plants installation; monitoring the
plants grow and the initial level of soil decontamination.
10. Usage of all relevant data for monitoring in the initial decontamination level on
soil based on fungi species.
11. Popularization and publishing research activity results; organizing workshops on
project theme in co-operation with administration of Calimani National Park, with authorities
and local population to increase civil mobilization; founding managerial and administrative
solutions to continue the researches and to implement the results in other regions where
mining activities has been stopped.