ERIE COMMUNITY COLLEGE
NORTH CAMPUS
COURSE OUTLINE
A.
Unit Code:
Suggested Course Title:
2188
ML 122-Clinical Analysis II
B.
Curriculum/Program:
Clinical Laboratory Technician
C.
Catalog Description:
This course involves the discussion of basic electrical concepts and safety, basic functional
units of analytical instruments, pH calculations and buffer solutions, blood gas analysis,
chloride analysis, spectroscopy, fluorometry, osmolality, calcium and phosphorus analysis
Prerequisites: ML 112
Co-requisite: ML 123 or permission of the instructor.
S (N)
D.
Duration of
Instructional Period:
50 minutes, 3 class meetings per week, 15 weeks
E.
Academic Credit Hours:
Contact Hours:
3.0
3.0
(3-0-3)
F.
Suggested Text/
Course Materials:
Clinical Chemistry, by Bishop, Schoeff, &
Fody
G.
Course Outcomes:
Upon completion of this course, the student will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
4/14
Define the terms voltage, current, and resistance.
Discuss the relationship between voltage, current, and resistance.
Identify the physiological effects of various amperages passing through the human
body.
Recognize proper and improper immediate responses to situations involving
electrical shock.
Name and explain the functions of the basic units of analytical instruments.
Calculate the pH of acid and base solutions.
Explain the functioning of buffer systems.
Calculate the bicarbonate concentration of a blood specimen using the HendersonHasselbalch buffer equation and measured values of pH and PCO2.
Explain physical and chemical principles involved in the operation of the following
1
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
H.
lab instruments:
a. Blood Gas Analyzer
b. Spectrophotometer
c. Atomic Absorption spectrophotometer
d. Fluorometer
e. Osmometer
Discuss specimen precautions, clinical significance, and methods of analysis for the
blood gas, chloride, serum osmolality, urine osmolality, calcium, and phosphorus
determinations.
Explain the mechanisms used by the body to maintain acid-base balance.
Name the major acid-base disorders and explain how blood pH, PCO2, bicarbonate
base excess and total CO2 values would be affected in those disorders.
Discuss basic characteristics of light and the choice of a wavelength for a
colorimetric determination.
Define the terms of Beer’s Law and discuss the relationship between them.
Determine concentrations in a colorimetric determination by standard curve and by
calculation.
Program Competencies:
Upon graduation with an Associate in Applied Science Degree in Clinical Laboratory
Technology the graduate will be able to:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I.
Perform all of the routine tests in a modern clinical laboratory. (5, 9, 10, 15)
Identify direct causes of technical or instrumental problems and make appropriate
corrections using preset strategies (5, 9)
Collect and prepare human samples for analysis. Store and transport samples
using appropriate preservation methods. Specimens may include blood, urine and
other body fluids. (10)
Following prescribed procedures, perform routine analytical tests in chemistry,
hematology/hemostasis, immunology, immunohematology and microbiology.
(5, 9, 10, 15)
Calculate the results of tests performed if necessary (5, 9, 10, 15)
Operate equipment or instruments necessary for routine analytical tests.
Recognize instrument malfunction and take appropriate action. (1, 5, 9)
Perform record and evaluate all quality control procedures required for the test
assayed. (9, 10)
Recognize abnormal or unusual test results and follow institutional procedures for
reporting critical values. (10, 12)
Perform and record routine instrument checks and maintenance procedures.
(5, 9)
Observe established safety measures. (3, 4, 9, 10)
SUNY General Education Knowledge and Skills Areas:
Not Applicable to course offering in Health Science Division.
4/14
2
J.
ECC Learning Outcomes (LO):
1.
2.
3.
K.
Information Literacy (1-15)
Scientific Reasoning (1-15)
Quantitative Reasoning (2, 6, 8, & 15)
Assessment of Student Learning:
K1. Evaluation of Student Learning: Achievement of the course outcomes will be
measured by hourly examinations, quizzes, homework, case evaluations and a project.
The final grade will be calculated as follows:
 Hourly exams 30%
 Quizzes
10%
 Homework
10%
 Final Exam
25%
 Attendance
10%
 Project
15%
K2. Assessment of Student Learning: The methods of evaluation should be consistent
with the level of the course and meet criteria as set forth by the Accreditation Agencies to
include cognitive levels I, II, and III, as well as, affective and psychomotor skills appropriate
to the course.
L.
Library Resources:
Medical Laboratory Technology/Clinical Laboratory Technology reference books and
journals particularly those pertaining to Clinical Chemistry.
M.
Topical Outline:
Instructional Unit
1.
2.
4/14
Instructional Periods
BASIC FUNCTIONAL UNITS OF
ANALYTICAL I INSTRUMENTS:
a. Basic electrical concepts
b. Power source
c. Excitation or signal source
d. Sample compartment
e. Signal processing unit
f. Readout
1 week
SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTROPHOTOMETERS
a. Basic characteristics of light
b. Beer’s law
c. Components of a spectrophotometer
3 weeks
3
d. Components of an atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
e. Principles and applications of atomic absorption spectrophotometry
N.
4/14
3.
FLUOROMETRY
a. Physical and chemical principles of fluorescent analysis
b. Components of a fluorometer
4.
pH CALCULATIONS AND BUFFER SOLUTIONS
1.5 weeks
a. pH calculations
b. The Henderson-Hasselbalch Buffer Equation.
c. The functioning of a buffer system.
d. The bicarbonate-carbonic acid buffer system.
e. Calculation of bicarbonate concentration of a blood specimen when
given pH and PCO2.
5.
BLOOD GAS ANALYSIS
a. pH measurement by glass electrode on blood gas analyzers
b. PCO2 measurement by Stow-Severinghaus electrode system
c. PO2 measurement by the Clark electrode system
d. Calibration and operation of Blood Gas Analyzers
e. Specimen precautions for blood gas analysis
f. Mechanisms utilized by the body to maintain acid-base balance
g. Clinical significance of pH, PCO2, bicarbonate, total CO2, and
base excess
h. Acid-base disorders
i. Clinical significance of PO2
4 weeks
F.
CHLORIDE ANALYSIS
1. Laboratory methods of chloride analysis
2. Clinical significance of chloride
3. The determination of chloride in human sweat
1 week
6.
OSMOMETRY
a. Chemical and physical principles
b. Colligative properties and osmolality calculations
c. Osmometers used in the clinical laboratory
d. Clinical significance of serum and urine osmolality
1.5 weeks
7.
CALCIUM AND PHOSPHORUS ANALYSIS
a. Calcium analysis
b. Phosphorus analysis
2 weeks
Proposal Prepared by:
Date Prepared:
Date Last Updated:
CLT/MA Faculty
April 2014
April 2008
4
1 week