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p
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p
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s
;
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G
l
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s
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h
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S
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r
e
.A Tutorial sessions are
devoted to survey of
literature and a
discussion
fo eease es seus f
fn me fo s esc sue
and to a survey of
empirical analysis
techniques
.B During the first month,
each student will select a
subject for a seminar
paper from the list
below .
Students will submit
an abstract of three
pages of their
proposal to the
seminar coordinator.
The abstract should
include a suggested
method of analyzing
the subject, data
sources and a short
presentation of
literature.
After receiving
comments and/or
discussing the topic
with the seminar
coordinator, the
students will prepare
their presentation
according to the
schedule below
.C Student will distributed
copies of their seminar
paper to the other
participants in the
seminar two weeks
before their presentation
.D Students will present
their papers and the
group will discuss the
subject
at the seminar.
.E By the end of the term
the student will submit a
revised and final version
of their paper to the
seminar coordinator
Unit
Sched
ule
There
will
be six
threehour
meeti
ngs
on the
annou
nced
days
from
4 00:
to
700:p
m.
These
works
hops
will
usuall
y take
place
every
two
weeks
accor
ding
to the
sched
ule
listed
below
.
The
first
two
meeti
ngs
will
be
devot
ed to
presen
tation
s
of
the
backg
round
materi
al,
basic
theori
es and
basic
empiri
cal
analys
is
tools .
In the
subse
quent
meeti
ngs,
studen
ts will
presen
t their
semin
ar
paper
and
discus
s the
subjec
t
of
the
paper .
A
compl
ete
readin
g list
is
includ
ed
below
.
The
follow
ing is
the
sched
ule
and
the
plan
of the
first
two
meeti
ngs:

W
h
a
t
i
s
"
g
l
o
b
a
l
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z
a
t
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b
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n
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G
r
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;
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s

h
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‫רשימת‬
‫הנושא‬
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‫והמקור‬
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‫להלן‬
‫רשימת‬
‫הנושאי‬
‫ם בהם‬
‫ניתן‬
‫לבחור‬
‫לעבודה‬
‫הסמינר‬
‫יונית‬
‫ורשימת‬
‫הקריאו‬
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‫המומלצ‬
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‫רשימת‬
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‫נושאים‬
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‫יונית‬
‫תוכלו‬
‫למצוא‬
‫הגדרות‬
‫שונות‬
‫לגלובל‬
‫יזציה‬
‫בקישור‬
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‫בכל‬
‫אחד‬
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‫אתרי‬
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‫אתרים‬
‫שימושי‬
‫ים‬
‫מפורטי‬
‫ם‬
‫להלן‪:‬‬
‫הבנק‬
‫העולמי‬
‫‪:‬‬
‫‪www.‬‬
‫‪world‬‬
‫‪bank.‬‬
‫‪org‬‬
‫קרן‬
‫המטבע‬
‫הבינלא‬
‫ומית‪:‬‬
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‫בנק‬
‫ישראל‪:‬‬
‫‪www.‬‬
‫‪boi.go‬‬
‫‪v.il‬‬
‫המרכז‬
‫לפיתוח‬
‫גלובלי‪:‬‬
‫‪www.‬‬
‫‪cgdev‬‬
‫‪.org‬‬
‫ייל‪-‬‬
‫גלובל‬
‫און‪-‬‬
‫ליין‪:‬‬
‫‪www.‬‬
‫‪yalegl‬‬
‫‪obal.y‬‬
‫‪ale.ed‬‬
‫‪u‬‬
‫המכון‬
‫לכלכל‬
‫ה‬
‫בינלאו‬
‫מית‪:‬‬
‫‪www.‬‬
‫‪iie.co‬‬
‫‪m‬‬
‫קישורי‬
‫ם‬
‫נוספים‬
‫‪:‬‬
‫‪www.‬‬
‫‪amnes‬‬
ty.org.
uk/bu
siness
www.
eclt.or
g
www.
laborr
ights.
org
www.
ilo.or
g/publ
ic/eng
lish
www.
unglo
balco
mpact
.org
‫רשימת‬
‫מקורות‬
,‫נוספים‬
:
‫גלו‬
‫בל‬
‫יזצ‬
‫יה‬
‫וזכ‬
‫ויו‬
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‫יזצ‬
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‫סחר‬
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‫גלו‬
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‫מי‬
‫חה‬
‫כל‬
‫כל‬
‫ית‬
‫‪Eswar‬‬
‫‪S‬‬
Prasa
d,
Ragh
uram
G
Rajan
,
Arvin
d
Subra
mania
n,
Susan
M
Collin
s,
Peter
Blair
Henry
,
Wash
ingto
n:
2007,
Foreig
n
Capita
l and
Econo
mic
Growt
h/Co
mmen
ts and
Discu
ssion,
Broo
kings
Paper
s on
Econ
omic
Activi
ty. ,
Iss. 1;
pg.
153,
78
pgs
Sajid
Anwa
r.,
Fort
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s: Fall
2002.,
Globa
lizatio
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natio
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econo
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Analy
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Journ
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Why
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Much
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Outpu
t
per
Work
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than
Other
s
",?
Quart
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Journ
al
of
Econo
mics ,
1(111
,)
Febru
ary,
83116.
Lande
s,
D.
S
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1991(
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are
We
So
Rich
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They
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Poor ",
Ameri
can
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mic
Revie
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w
,)2(01
May,
1-13.
Manki
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N
1991(
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Natio
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ns
Brook
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s
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Econo
mic
Activit
,
y
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Krug
m
a
n
,
P
.
(
1
9
9
7
)
,
"
I
s
C
a
p
i
t
a
l
i
s
m
T
o
o
P
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
v
e
?
"
F
o
r
e
i
g
n
A
f
f
a
i
r
s
,
(
S
e
p
t
e
m
b
e
r
/
O
c
t
o
b
e
r
)
,
7
9
9
4
.
Sachs,
J. and
Warn
er, A.
(1995
).
Econo
mic
Refor
m and
the
Proce
ss
of
Globa
l
Integr
ation
",
Brook
ings
Paper
s
on
Econo
mic
Activit
,
y
1991:
-1
,1
.110
Senha
dji, A
.
2111(
)
Sourc
es of
Econo
mic
Growt
h: An
Exten
sive
Accou
nting
Exerci
se
IMF
,"
Staff
Paper
s
,
,)1(17
-129
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.‫ב‬
‫גלובליז‬
‫ציה‬
‫ומסחר‬
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‫מי‬
James
Lange
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James
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2005.
The
Benef
its of
Free
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to
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Consu
mers,
Busin
ess
Econo
mics.
Washi
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Vol.
40,
Iss. 3;
pg.
41, 11
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A
Edwar
d
Gottes
man,
Sprin
g
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Two
Myths
of
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lizatio
n
World
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al.
New
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Vol.
23,
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37, 8
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nt of
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Krug
man,
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1907(
" ,)Is
Free
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Passé
"?
Econo
mic
Persp
ective
s,
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Trade
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h in
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impac
t of
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izatio
n.
World
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my
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nt
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t
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Genev
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n and
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h
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ies
Journ
al
of
Econo
mic
Litera
ture
:)6(61
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F
r
a
n
k
e
l
,
J
.
A
.
a
n
d
D
.
R
o
m
e
r
(
1
9
9
9
)
"
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o
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s
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r
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A
m
e
r
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n
E
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o
m
i
c
R
e
v
i
e
w
0
9
(
6
)
:
6
7
9
6
9
9
.
Mark
usen,
.
J.R
and
A.
J.
Venab
les
(1999
,)
"Forei
gn
Direct
Invest
ment
as
a
Cataly
st for
Indust
rial
Devel
opme
nt
".
Europ
ean
Econo
mic
Revie
w
,
:)2(16
-661
.613
Slaug
hter,
.
M
and P.
Swag
el
(1997
,)
"The
Effect
of
Globa
lizatio
n
on
Wage
s
in
the
Adva
nced
Econo
mies,"
IMF
Worki
ng
Paper
97/43.
Sriniv
a
s
a
n
,
T
.
N
.
(
1
9
9
9
)
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
i
n
g
c
o
u
n
t
r
i
e
s
i
n
t
h
e
w
o
r
l
d
t
r
a
d
e
s
y
s
t
e
m
:
F
r
o
m
G
A
T
T
,
1
9
4
7
,
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o
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h
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t
h
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r
d
m
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n
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s
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l
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i
n
g
o
f
W
T
O
,
1
9
9
9
.
W
o
r
l
d
E
c
o
n
o
m
y
2
2
(
0
)
:
1
1
1
7
1
1
3
1
.
Paul
Krug
man :
Does
Third
World
Growt
h Hurt
First
World
Prosp
erity ?
Harva
rd
Busin
ess
Revie
,
w
July-
Augus
t 1991
(in
Pop
Intern
ationa
lism
)Rodri
k ,D .
2111) .
'Tradi
ng in
Illusio
ns
,'
Forei
gn
Policy
,Marc
h
-
Apr
‫ היתרונות והחסרונות של‬.‫ג‬
‫הגלובליזציה‬
Neil
Thomas
,
Summe
r 2007,
Global
capitali
sm, the
antiglobalis
ation
movem
ent and
the
Third
World
Capital
&
Class.
London
:. , Iss.
92; pg.
45, 35
pgs
Winston
H
Griffith,
Lincoln
: Mar
2007,
Winner
s and
Losers
in
Globali
zation
Journal
of
Econom
ic
Issues..
Vol. 41,
Iss. 1;
pg. 283,
5 pgs
Peter
Marber.
, New
York:
Fall
2006.
From
the G8
to the
"E8":
Is the
Globali
zation
Tide
Turnin
g?
World
Policy
Journal.
Vol. 23,
Iss. 3;
pg. 42,
10 pgs
Friedma
n, T .
,)1999(
The
Lexus
and the
Olive
Tree:
Underst
anding
Globali
zation .
New
York
:
Farrar,
Straus ,
Giroux.
W.
Grieder ,
One
World,
Ready
or Not ,
New
York :
Simon
and
Schuste
r, 1995 .
Joseph
E.
Stiglitz ,
Globali
zation
and Its
Discont
ents, W.
W.
Norton
&
Compa
ny ,
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Introdu
ction
and first
chapter.
Rodrik
,
D
.
2
0
0
1
a
.
'
I
n
s
t
i
t
u
t
i
o
n
s
f
o
r
H
i
g
h
Q
u
a
l
i
t
y
G
r
o
w
t
h
:
W
h
a
t
T
h
e
y
A
r
e
a
n
d
H
o
w
t
o
A
c
q
u
i
r
e
T
h
e
m
'
,
S
t
u
d
i
e
s
i
n
C
o
m
p
a
r
a
t
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v
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I
n
t
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r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
.
.
.1997

Has
Globali
zation
Gone
Too
Far
?
Institute
for
Internat
ional
Econom
ics
,
Washin
gton ,
DC
.1997
ETC
group
(2001 .)
"Conce
ntration
in
Corpora
te
Power:
the
unmenti
oned
Agenda
".
http://w
ww.rafi.
org/doc
uments/
com_gl
obilizati
on.pdf.
Ralph
Gomory
and
William
Baumol
, Eds .
Global
Trade
and
Conflict
ing
Nationa
l
Interest
s.
Cambri
dge :
Massac
husetts
Institute
of
Technol
ogy
Press.
,"The World Bank's Financial Components"
)6( Enough Years is 11
http://www.50years.org/factsheets/structur
e.html
The World Bank and Structural "
)Corpwatch) (8( Masala MNC ,"Adjustment
http://www.corpwatch.org/trac/feature/ind
ia/profiles/wb/wb10.html
Walden Bello, "[Structural] Adjustment: The
)6( Third World Traveler ,"Costs
http://www.thirdworldtraveler.com/IMF
_WB/adjust_costs_Dark.html
M
Chossudovsky, "Global ichel
Impoverishment and the IMF-World Bank
MNC Masala ,"Economic Medicine
)Corpwatch) (7(
http://www.corpwatch.org/trac/feature/ind
ia/globalization/imfwb.html
Irrational Fear or Common :'Globaphobia'"
Sept. 16, ( The Preamble Center ,"Sense
)29( )1998
http://www.preamble.org/Globaphobia.ht
ml
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z
a
t
i
o
n
:
T
h
e
q
u
e
s
t
i
o
n
o
f
a
p
p
r
o
p
r
i
a
t
e
g
o
v
e
r
n
a
n
c
e
.
"
h
t
t
p
:
/
/
w
w
w
.
c
o
l
u
m
b
i
a
.
e
d
u
/
~
j
b
3
8
/
T
a
e
g
u
.
p
d
f
.‫ו‬
‫תפקידו של ארגון הסחר העולמי‬
Fa
rz
an
a
N
os
ha
b.,
H
art
fo
rd:
A
pr
20
06
,
Gl
ob
ali
za
tio
n,
W
T
O
an
d
Pa
ki
st
an
T
he
M
us
li
m
W
or
ld.
.
V
ol.
96
,
Iss
.
2;
pg
.
34
1,
22
pg
s
Be
rn
ar
d
H
oe
k
m
an
an
d
W
ill
M
art
in ,
Ed
s .
D
ev
el
op
in
g
C
ou
nt
rie
s
an
d
th
e
W
T
O:
A
pr
oac
tiv
e
ag
en
da
.
O
xf
or
d:
Bl
ac
k
w
ell
Pu
bli
sh
er
s.
H
oe
k
m
an
,
Be
rn
ar
d
M
.
an
d
M
ic
ha
el
M
.
K
os
te
ck
i.
20
01
.
Th
e
Po
liti
ca
l
Ec
on
o
m
y
of
th
e
W
or
ld
Tr
ad
in
g
Sy
ste
m:
Th
e
W
T
O
an
d
be
yo
nd
.
O
xf
or
d:
O
xf
or
d
U
ni
ve
rsi
ty
Pr
es
s.
R
ob
ert
H
ud
ec
,
Ed
.
Th
e
Po
liti
ca
l
Ec
on
o
m
y
of
Int
er
na
tio
na
l
Tr
ad
e
La
w.
Ca
m
bri
dg
e
U
ni
ve
rsi
ty
Pr
es
s,
20
02
.
htt
p:/
/w
w
w.
ut
or
on
to.
ca
/ci
s/
M
in
ne
so
ta.
pd
f
Os
try
,
Sy
lvi
a .
21
11
.
"
W
T
O:
In
sti
tut
io
na
l
D
esi
gn
fo
r
Be
tte
r
G
ov
er
na
nc
e ."
htt
p:/
/w
w
w.
ut
or
on
to.
ca
/ci
s/
W
T
OI
D.
pd
f
Pa
na
ga
riy
a .
Ar
vi
nd
.
19
99
.
"T
RI
PS
an
d
th
e
W
T
O:
A
n
U
ne
as
y
M
arr
ia
ge
."
htt
p:/
/w
w
w.
bs
os
.u
m
d.
ed
u/
ec
on
/P
an
ag
ari
ya
/s
on
g/t
rip
sw
to
2.
pd
f
N
eil
M
cC
ull
oc
h,
Al
an
W
int
er
s,
X
av
ier
Ci
rer
a :
Tr
ad
e
Li
be
ra
liz
ati
on
an
d
Po
ve
rty
:
A
H
an
db
oo
k .
htt
p:/
/w
w
w.
ce
pr.
or
g
C
h.
10
Tr
ad
e
Re
lat
ed
Int
ell
ec
tu
al
Pr
op
ert
y
Ri
gh
ts
(T
RI
Ps
(
‫ השפעת הגלובליזציה על שוק‬.‫ז‬
‫הכספים הבינלאומי‬
Ra
ch
el
Lo
m
ax
,
Lo
nd
on
:
Fi
rst
Q
ua
rte
r
20
07
.
Pe
rs
pe
cti
ve
s
on
cu
rre
nt
m
on
et
ar
y
po
lic
y,
Ba
nk
of
En
gl
an
d.
Q
ua
rte
rly
B
ull
eti
n.
V
ol.
47
,
Iss
.
1;
pg
.
10
0,
6
pg
s
Pa
ul
Tu
ck
er.
,
Su
m
m
er
20
05
.
M
on
et
ar
y
po
lic
y,
sta
bil
ity
an
d
str
uc
tur
al
ch
an
ge
Ba
nk
of
En
gl
an
d.
Q
ua
rte
rly
B
ull
eti
n.
Lo
nd
on
:
V
ol.
45
,
Iss
.
2;
pg
.
24
7,
9
pg
s
Be
nn
St
eil
,
Sp
rin
g
20
07
M
O
N
E
T
A
R
Y
S
O
V
E
R
EI
G
N
T
Y
A
S
G
L
O
B
A
LI
Z
A
TI
O
N'
S
A
C
HI
L
L
E
S'
H
E
E
L
Ca
to
Jo
ur
na
l.
W
as
hi
ng
to
n:
V
ol.
27
,
Iss
.
2;
pg
.
20
3,
15
pg
s
M
ar
k
L
J
W
ri
gh
t.,
N
as
hv
ill
e:
Ju
n
20
04
.
La
bo
r,
Ca
pit
al,
an
d
Fi
na
nc
e:
Int
er
na
tio
na
l
Fl
o
ws
,
Jo
ur
na
l
of
Ec
on
o
mi
c
Li
ter
at
ur
e.
V
ol.
42
,
Iss
.
2;
pg
.
52
4,
2
pg
s
W
orl
d
Ba
nk
,
Gl
ob
al
D
ev
el
op
m
en
t
Fi
na
nc
e
20
03
,
W
as
hi
ng
to
n
D.
C
,.
M
ar
ch
21
16
.
Int
ro
du
cti
on
an
d
C
ha
pt
er
1.
R
ob
ert
s,
Ri
ch
ar
d.
(I
ns
id
e
Int
er
na
tio
na
l
Fi
na
nc
e
(L
on
do
n:
Or
io
n
Pu
bli
sh
er
s,
19
98
.
Hi
ll,
C.
W
.
L.
(
21
16
.)
Int
er
na
tio
na
l
bu
si
ne
ss:
C
o
m
pe
tin
g
in
th
e
gl
ob
al
m
ar
ke
tpl
ac
e
1(t
h
ed
.).
M
c
Gr
a
wHi
ll
Ir
wi
n:
N
e
w
Y
or
k.
‫ח‬
.
‫ג‬
‫ל‬
‫ו‬
‫ב‬
‫ל‬
‫י‬
‫ז‬
‫צ‬
‫י‬
‫ה‬
‫ו‬
‫ה‬
‫מ‬
‫ד‬
‫י‬
‫נ‬
‫ו‬
‫ת‬
‫ה‬
‫מ‬
‫ת‬
‫פ‬
‫ת‬
‫ח‬
‫ו‬
‫ת‬
An
na
S
S
m
ba
tia
n.,
N
e
w
Y
or
k:
O
ct
20
05
.
C
o
m
m
on
Ec
on
o
mi
c
Sp
ac
e
an
d
So
m
e
Th
ou
gh
ts
on
Pr
ot
ec
tio
n
of
th
e
R
us
sia
n
M
ar
ke
t
A
ga
in
st
U
nf
air
Tr
ad
e
Jo
ur
na
l
of
W
orl
d
Tr
ad
e.
V
ol.
39
,
Iss
.
5;
pg
.
93
7,
12
pg
s
M
ar
tin
Ra
m
a.,
A
ut
u
m
n
20
03
.,
Gl
ob
ali
za
tio
n
an
d
th
e
La
bo
r
M
ar
ke
t
Th
e
W
orl
d
Ba
nk
Re
se
ar
ch
O
bs
er
ve
r.
Ca
ry:
V
ol.
18
,
Iss
.
2;
pg
.
15
9
Yi
ng
Fa
n.,
Br
ad
fo
rd:
20
06
.,
T
he
gl
ob
ali
sat
io
n
of
C
hi
ne
se
br
an
ds
M
ar
ke
tin
g
Int
ell
ig
en
ce
&
Pl
an
ni
ng
.
V
ol.
24
,
Iss
.
4;
pg
.
36
5
Be
th
An
ne
Wi
ls
on
,
G
eo
ffr
ey
N
Ke
im
.,
W
as
hi
ng
to
n:
Ja
n
20
06
.
In
di
a
an
d
th
e
Gl
ob
al
Ec
on
o
m
y,
B
us
in
es
s
Ec
on
o
mi
cs.
V
ol.
41
,
Iss
.
1;
pg
.
28
,9
pg
s
Ru
sd
y
H
ar
tu
ng
i.,
Br
ad
fo
rd:
20
06
,
C
ou
ld
de
ve
lo
pi
ng
co
un
tri
es
ta
ke
th
e
be
ne
fit
of
gl
ob
ali
sat
io
n?
Int
er
na
tio
na
l
Jo
ur
na
l
of
So
ci
al
Ec
on
o
mi
cs.
V
ol.
33
,
Iss
.
11
;
pg
.
72
8
B
ha
g
w
ati
,
J.
N
,.
(
19
97
,)
"T
he
Gl
ob
al
A
ge
:
Fr
o
m
a
Sk
ep
tic
al
So
ut
h
to
a
Fe
arf
ul
N
ort
h
",
W
or
ld
Ec
on
o
m
y
21
1/
(
19
97
,)
21
-9
20
.6
Ea
ste
rly
,
W
.
(
21
11
)
"T
he
Lo
st
D
ec
ad
es:
D
ev
el
op
in
g
C
ou
ntr
ies
'
St
ag
na
tio
n
in
Sp
ite
of
Po
lic
y
Re
fo
rm
19
80
19
98
"
Jo
ur
na
l
of
Ec
on
o
mi
c
Gr
o
wt
h.
‫ גלובליזציה ואי שוויון כלכלי‬.‫ט‬
S
e
r
g
e
S
v
i
z
z
e
r
o
,
C
l
e
m
T
i
s
d
e
l
l
,
B
r
a
d
f
o
r
d
:
2
0
0
3
.
,
I
n
c
o
m
e
i
n
e
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
b
e
t
w
e
e
n
s
k
i
l
l
e
d
i
n
d
i
v
i
d
u
a
l
s
.
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
J
o
u
r
n
a
l
o
f
S
o
c
i
a
l
E
c
o
n
o
m
i
c
s
.
V
o
l
.
3
0
,
I
s
s
.
1
1
/
1
2
;
p
g
.
1
1
1
8
,
1
3
p
g
s
E
d
d
y
L
e
e
,
M
a
r
c
o
V
i
v
a
r
e
l
l
i
.
,
G
e
n
e
v
a
:
2
0
0
6
.
T
h
e
s
o
c
i
a
l
i
m
p
a
c
t
o
f
g
l
o
b
a
l
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z
a
t
i
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n
i
n
t
h
e
d
e
v
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l
o
p
i
n
g
c
o
u
n
t
r
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e
s
,
I
n
t
e
r
n
a
t
i
o
n
a
l
L
a
b
o
u
r
R
e
v
i
e
w
.
V
o
l
.
1
4
5
,
I
s
s
.
3
;
p
g
.
1
6
7
,
1
9
p
g
s
W
o
r
l
d
B
a
n
k
(
2
1
1
1
)
.
W
o
r
l
d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
e
n
t
R
e
p
o
r
t
2
0
0
0
/
2
0
0
1
:
A
t
t
a
c
k
i
n
g
P
o
v
e
r
t
y
.
O
x
f
o
r
d
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
P
r
e
s
s
,
N
e
w
Y
o
r
k
.
W
o
r
l
d
B
a
n
k
,
G
l
o
b
a
l
i
z
a
t
i
o
n
,
G
r
o
w
t
h
a
n
d
P
o
v
e
r
t
y
2
0
0
3
,
W
o
r
l
d
B
a
n
k
a
n
d
O
x
f
o
r
d
U
n
i
v
e
r
s
i
t
y
P
r
e
s
s
2
0
0
2
.
O
v
e
r
v
i
e
w
a
n
d
C
h
a
p
‫‪t‬‬
‫‪e‬‬
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‫‪1‬‬
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‫ו‬
‫ב‬
‫ל‬
‫י‬
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‫י‬
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‫ו‬
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‫י‬
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B
a
n
k
o
f
E
n
g
l
a
n
d
.
Q
u
a
r
t
e
r
l
y
B
u
l
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t
i
n
,
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o
u
r
t
h
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u
a
r
t
e
r
2
0
0
6
,
G
l
o
b
a
l
i
s
a
t
i
o
n
a
n
d
i
n
f
l
a
t
i
o
n
,
C
h
a
r
l
i
e
B
e
a
n
L
o
n
d
o
n
:
.
V
o
l
.
4
6
,
I
s
s
.
4
;
p
g
.
4
6
8
,
8
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‫צ‬
‫י‬
‫ה‬
‫ו‬
‫ש‬
‫ו‬
‫ק‬
‫ה‬
‫ע‬
‫ב‬
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K
e
n
H
e
y
d
o
n
.
,
P
a
r
i
s
:
M
a
y
2
0
0
5
.
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x
p
o
s
i
n
g
m
y
t
h
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g
l
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a
l
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O
r
g
a
n
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s
a
t
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f
o
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c
o
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m
i
c
C
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p
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a
t
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a
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d
D
e
v
e
l
o
p
m
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t
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T
h
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O
E
C
D
O
b
s
e
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v
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r
.
,
I
s
s
.
2
4
9
;
p
g
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2
1
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2
p
g
s
F
e
l
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x
Q
u
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n
e
t
.
,
Q
u
e
b
e
c
:
W
i
n
t
e
r
2
0
0
2
.
,
G
l
o
b
a
l
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z
a
t
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n
a
n
d
t
h
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C
a
n
a
d
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a
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c
o
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o
m
y
:
T
h
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m
p
l
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c
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t
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s
f
o
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L
a
b
o
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r
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a
r
k
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t
s
,
S
o
c
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s
.
V
o
l
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s
s
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1
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g
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R
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l
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y
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,
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u
s
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W
h
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t
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T
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e
D
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*
A
u
s
t
r
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n
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u
l
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