Name: _____________________________________________________________
Global II Midterm Review Sheet
GLOBAL I Material:
1. What geographic feature has been of the most importance to early civilizations?___
_____Rivers fertile land_________________________________________
2. What is a chain of islands called? ___________Archipelago__________________
3. Give 2 examples a nation that is a chain of islands? Japan_______, __Philippines
4. What 2 geographic features have traditionally limited cultural diffusion?
* mountains
* deserts
5. A variety of cultures in a given area is due to geographic factors__
6. Define the term culture: __The beliefs and ideas of a group of people, traditions
_____________________________________________________________________
7. The study of early (ancient) peoples is known as? __anthropology______________
8. What makes up a groups culture?__Way of life, religion, economy, food supply (all ways in
which a group lives)
_______________________________________________________________________
9. The spread of goods and ideas from one area to another is known as? _Cultural Diffusion
_______________________________________________________________________
10. Define hunter and gatherers ____Nomadic peoples who followed and gathered their
food_________________________________________________________________
11. Define Neolithic Revolution _New Stone Age….Birth of farming, new technologies
_______________________________________________________________________
12. Define Paleolithic Revolution ___Old Stone Age, hunters and gatherers__
_______________________________________________________________________
13. Define Traditional Economy _Economy based on the past, farming, hunting and gathering,
barter system_________________________________________
14. What is the major belief of Animism?_All living and non living things have a spirit.
Polythestic/ Ancestor Worship
15. What is a griot?_Oral story teller of ancient Africa____________________
16. Written down laws are? _Codified_______________________________________
17. Who was Hammurabi? King of Babylon, Middle Eastern Kingdom__________
18. Why is he famous (be specific)? Wrote laws that set punishments for breaking the law
_______________________________________________________________________
19. Where did the concept of Democracy arise? Athens, Greece__________________
20. Define Democracy: _Political System where the citizens have a say in gov’t and voting rights.
________________________________________________________________________
21. Define Totalitarian:_Government where the leader has total control over the lives of the
people._______________________________________
22. Define ABSOLUTISM: Political system in Western Europe where the King and Queen
control the nation. Rule through Divine Right (Monarchs CENTRALIZE POWER)
23.Define Golden Age: Period of wealth and peace in an empire. Many Advancements are made
in education, art and literature.
24. Name 2 advances of the Golden Age of Muslim culture
- Mathematics (algebra)________________________________________
- Advancements in science___________________________________
25. What is the Koran (Quran)? Islamic Holy Book___________________________
Draw the Feudal Hierarchy of Europe
King/Queen
Lords/ Ladies
Vassals
Knights
Peasants
Serfs
26. Those who owned the most Land_______ held the most Power______ in Feudal
Europe______.
27. Define Manorialism: Economic system of Middle Ages_________________
28. Define Feudalism: Political system of the Middle Ages linking nobles and peasants
Peasants- Grew food and built the infrastructure for the nobility
Lords- Protected peasants so they would grow food and build the infrastructure
29. Describe the influence of the Roman Catholic Church during the Middle Ages.
Church was a guiding force and held a great deal of power.________
30. Define humanism: __The concept of the Renaissance which focuses on human aspects in art
and writing. Individuality
31. What was the Renaissance and when did it occur? Turning point that educated people in
challenging authority. Reawakening of the art styles of the Ancient Greeks and Romans.
(1300-1600s)
32. Name 2 famous writers of the Renaissance and what they wrote:
*_Cervantes, Don Quixote
* Niccolo Machiavelli, THE PRINCE
*_Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet
33. What invention will help with the spread of education, increase in literacy and “new” ideas?
_Printing Press
34. Who invented it?__Johnanns Gutenburg_____________________________
-
What Turning Point was sparked by the Printing Press? Protestant Reformation
What was its purpose? To reform the abuses of the Catholic Church
35. Define IMPERIALISM:_When a powerful nation takes over a weaker one for social,
political and economic benefits.
36. What 2 nations imperialized South America beginning in the late 1400s?
* Spain
* Portugal
37. What was the encomienda system? _Forced labor system used on native Americans by the
Spanish imperialists.
38. RELIGIONS:
Religions
Origin?
Founder?
When?
Buddhism
- India (Nepal)
Beliefs
- Rules followed
- Holy Books
8 Fold Path
4 Noble Truths
Reincarnation
Impacts
Spread:
- To where?
- How?
Split between Hindu
and Buddhist Indians
* Korea, Japan
-missionaries
- travel
-trade
- War
Practice of Zen arises
- Siddartha
Gutama
Tripitaka
- 500s BCE
Christianity
- Middle East
(Roman Empire)
- Jesus
10 Commandments
Forgiveness
Persecurion of groups
Bible
Guiding force for
people
- after 30 CE
Judaism
- Middle East
Wars (crusades)
10 Commandments
Talmud
- Abraham
Torah
Monotheism
Development of
Christianity and
Islam
- 4000 years ago
persecution
Islam
- Mecca, Saudia
Arabia
5 Pillars of Faith
Koran
- Mohammad
- 622 CE
Hinduism
- India
- Aryans
Dharma
Karma
Caste System
Reincarnation
- over 5000 years
ago
Vedas
Upanishads
Divisions: Cause:
Who should claim
title of Caliph
* Sunni – Caliph
from descendant of
Muhammad
* Shiite- Caliph from
descendent of Ali
* war
Legal discrimination
between castes
War
* Europe, Americas,
Asia
- Missionaries
- War
- Conquest
-Trade, Travel
(Crusades)
* Europe, Eastern
Europe, Americas
- Missionaries
- War
- Conquest
-Trade, Travel
(Crusades)
* Europe, Eastern
Europe, Asia,
Americas
- Missionaries
- War
- Conquest
-Trade, Travel
(Crusades)
* East Asia, Korea,
Americas
-missionaries
- travel
- trade
- War
39. What are Natural Rights and who promoted this idea? Life, liberty and ownership of
property…….John Locke___________________________________________
40. What were 2 results of the Glorious Revolution in England?
* English Bill of Rights
* Limited monarchy in England
41. How did the West African Kingdoms of Africa make their wealth? (Be specific) Sub Saharan
Trade Routes…Trading Gold and Salt
GLOBAL II Material:
42. The Enlightenment and the Renaissance encouraged people to _Think and reason…challenge
authority who?_Church and Government___________
43. What was the Enlightenment and when did it occur?_Period of “new” thinking about
government and politics. Happened in 1700s.
44. Describe 2 famous people associated with the Enlightenment:
* John Locke
* Voltaire
45. What is a revolution? Event that causes change to occur
46. What are 2 examples of revolutions?
* French Revolution (1789)
* Scientific Revolution (1500-1600s)
47. What is 1 common cause of many revolutions?_Oppressed group speaks up because they are
tired of being abused.
48. What are 2 common results of revolutions?
* Majority of people gain some rights
* Change in leadership
49. The revolution that utilized OBSERVATION and REASON: Scientific_________
50. Name 2 people associated with the Scientific Revolution:
* Copernicus/ Galileo
* Frances Bacon/ Newton
51. What was Karl Marx’s philosophy when it came to workers of the industrial revolution?
_They were used and abused) (exploited) ______
52. Who advocated for laissez fair? Adam Smith_________________________
53. Where did he write about this?_The Wealth of Nations_____________
54. What about Russia’s geography helped protect them against France’s invasion in the
1800’s?_Location, Size and Winters__________________________________
55.Why is the Protestant Reformation considered a Turning Point: _Caused there to be a change
in the relationship between European nations (ended religious unity), new religion arose, and
challenging of authority came about
56. What revolution began in Great Britain in 1750?_Industrial Revolution_______
Why?__Natural Resources available, supportive gov’t, strong economic system
57. What 2 economic systems develop due to the Industrial Revolution, and who is associated
with each:
* _Capitalism__________________________, _Adam Smith_________________
* _Socialism (Communism)________________, _Karl Marx__________________
- Who were the “Haves” and “Have Nots”? Those of Welath (Employers) and the working class
(factory workers- poor)
58. Creation of labor unions and urbanization were 2 Results____________ of the
Industrial Revolution.
59. The statement, “Government, keep your hands off of big business” is most likely
associated with whom? _Adam Smith__________
60. Why did so many people support Napoleon coming to power in France: He brought
STABILITY to France.
61. What was the Congress of Vienna? _Meeting after the French Revolution in which European
leaders met to make sure a Revolution doesn’t happen in their nation…..restore order to Europe
62. What caused the Congress of Vienna to meet?_French Revolution____
63. Independence movements and unification movements were spurred by
what?_NATIONALISM_______________________________
64. What is needed for unification and independence movements to be successful?
_Strong Leaders__________________________________________________
65. What individual worked for a nonviolent independence movement in his nation?
__Gandhi- India____
66. Through what nonviolent means did __Gandhi___ encourage India’s independence
movement:
* Salt March
* Fasting
67. In many nations that were imperialized by Europeans, what group of people has
maintained control, especially in South America? Wealthy _LANDOWNERS___
68. Name 2 European nations that were unified in the 1800s:
* Italy
* Germany
69. The Boxer Rebellion occurred in what nation and WHY? _China…..to rid China of foreign
influences.
70. Why did European nations look to Africa to imperialize? __for natural resources so as to
make money
71. What was the race to Africa in the 1800s known as? __Scramble for Africa
72. Place the following Turning Points in chronological order (with dates)
 Crusades, French Revolution, Enlightenment, Renaissance
- Crusades (1095-1296)
- Renaissance (1300-1600)
- Enlightenment (1700s)
- French Revolution (1789-1815)
73. What nation was the “King/Queen” of Imperialism? __GREAT BRITAIN______
74. Where did they imperialize?: _North America, India, Africa, China (Sphere of Influence)