HS 32 511
Welfare and Work in the United States and Canada
Instructors: Margit Mayer, Ahmed Allahwala
SS 2005
Monday 10-12
http://userpage.fu-berlin.de/~jfkpolhk/
Enroll via Blackboard: http://lms.fu-berlin.de/webapps/login?hasRef=No
Course Description
The 1990s was a decade of concerted political and ideological attack on the Keynesian
welfare state in the United States and Canada. The welfare reforms initiated under
Clinton and Chrétien in the mid-1990s mark a fundamental break in the provision of
social welfare and effectively terminated the principle of needs-based welfare provision
in North America.
This Hauptseminar examines the changing nature of welfare and work in the two
countries and devotes considerable emphasis to examining the increasing integration of
labour market and social policy under neoliberal hegemony. Central analytic questions to
be addressed include the nature of federalism in the United States and Canada and its
influence in the articulation of the Keynesian National Welfare State after 1945.
Consequently, the shifting relationship between federal, state/provincial, and local levels
and the increasing ‘rescaling’ of welfare and work characteristic for neoliberal state
restructuring will be a central focus of our analysis.
Topics to be considered include: the political reconstitution of work after Fordism; the
gendered impact of post-Welfare employment and social policy; the increasing
reprivatization and refamilialization of social services; the role of social policy in the
restructuring of labour markets and the rise of precarious, non-standard employment
patterns.
Course Requirements:
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Discussion Lead of one Session (20%)
Exposé/Problematique (3-4 pages) based on any one of the sessions, due May 2nd
(20%)
Peer Review of Exposé due 5/9; revised peer review due 5/17 (Pfingstdienstag!)
Short Paper (8-10 pages), elaborating on the expose with literature from other
sessions, due July 4 (30%)
Critical Reflection on your work and Presentation of its findings (1 page handout)
(15%)
Participation (15%)
(Note: Minutes have been cancelled!!!)
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11.4 Session 1: Introduction to the course
Part I: Comparing Welfare Regimes - Theoretical and
Methodological Debates
18.4 Session 2: Social policy, welfare, and social rights: The Classics
* Gosta Esping-Anderson (1990) The Three Worlds of Welfare Capitalism. Princeton,
NJ: Princeton UP, ch. 1-3.
T.H. Marshall, “Citizenship and Social Class,” in Class, Citizenship, and Social
Development. Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1964.
Richard Titmuss, “The Social Division of Welfare,” Essays on the Welfare State.
London: Allen and Unwin, 1958.
Walter Korpi (1980) The Working Class in Welfare Capitalism. London: Routledge.
25.4 Session 3: Emergence, characteristics, and development of the
American welfare state
* John Myles (1996) “When Markets fail: Social Welfare in Canada and the United
States,” In: Esping-Anderson (ed.) Welfare States in Transition: National
Adaptations in Global Economies. London: Sage.
* Margaret Weir, Ann Shola Orloff, Theda Skocpol, (1988) “Understanding American
Social Politics,” in: Weir et al. (eds.) The Politics of Social Policy in the U.S.,
Princeton UP.
Peter Flora and Arnold Heidenheimer (1981) The Historical Core and Changing
Boundaries of the Welfare State, in: Flora and Heidenheimer, The Development
of Welfare States in Europe and America, Transaction Books, London, pp. 17-34.
Ira Katznelson, Mark Kesselman, The Welfare State (1987), ch 9 in:
Katznelson/Kesselmann, The Politics of Power. A Critical Introduction to
American Government. NY 1987
2.5 Session 4: Emergence, characteristics, and development of the
Canadian welfare state
* Gregg Olsen (1994) “Locating the Canadian Welfare State: Family Policy and Health
Care in Canada, Sweden, and the United States.” Canadian Journal of Sociology
19(1): 1-20.
* Julia O’Connor (1989) “Welfare Expenditure and policy orientation on Canada in
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comparative perpective, Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology 26(1):
127-50.
Stephen McBride and John Shields (1997) Dismantling a Nation: The Transition to
Corporate Rule in Canada. Halifax, Fernwood, ch 2.
9.5 Session 5: Social policy, class and the capitalist state: Marxist critique
* Goran Therborn (1984) “Classes and States: Welfare State Developments 1881-1981”
Studies in Political Economy 14.
Ian Gough (1979) The Political Economy of the Welfare State. London: McMillan.
Intro and ch.1-3, pp.1-54.
Michel Lavalette (1997) “Marx and the Marxist Critique of Welfare.” In: Michael
Lavalette and Alan Pratt (eds.) Social Policy. London: Sage.
Michael Goldfield (1989) “Worker Insurgency, Radical Organization, and New Deal
Labour Legislation” American Political Science Review 83.4.
Frances Fox Piven and Richard A. Cloward (1971) Regulating the Poor: The Functions
of Public Welfare.
16.5 (Pfingsmontag)
23.5 Session 6: Feminist and anti-racist perspectives on welfare regimes
* Ann S. Orloff (1996) “Gender in the Welfare State, Annual Review of Sociology
22:51-78
* Williams, Fiona (1995) Race/Ethnicity, Gender, and Class in Welfare States: A
Framework for Comparative Analysis. Social Politics. Vol. 2. No. 2. Summer,
pp.127-159.
Jane Jenson (1986)“Gender and Reproduction: or Babies and the State” Studies in
Political Economy 20, pp. 9-45.
Julia O’Connor et al. (1999) States, Markets, Families. Cambridge, UK; New York:
Cambridge UP.
Esping-Anderson (1998) response to the feminist critique: in Social Foundations of
Post-Industrial Economies. Ch 4-5.
Donna Baines and Nandita Sharma (2002) “Migrant Workers as Non-Citizens: The Case
against citizenship as a social policy concept” Studies in Political Economy 69,
75-107.
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Part II: Neoliberalism, the State, and Social Policy
30.5 Session 7: Neoliberalism, economic restructuring and the
‘deconstruction’ of welfare
* Jamie Peck (2001) Workfare States. New York: Guilford Press, ch. 3, pp.83-126.
* Wendy McKeen and Ann Porter (2003) “Politics and Transformation: Welfare State
Restructuring in Canada.” In W. Clement and L. Vosko (eds.) Changing Canada:
Political Economy as Transformation. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University
Press, 109-34.
John Myles and Paul Pierson (1997) “Friedmans’s Revenge: The Reform of Liberal
Welfare States in Canada and the United States.” Politics and Society 25(4).
Patricia Evans and Gerda Wekerle, eds. (1997) Women and the Canadian Welfare State
Stephen McBride (2001) Paradigm Shift. Halifax: Fernwood, 79-101.
Christina Gabriel (2001) “Restructuring at the Margins: Women of Colour and the
Changing Economy.” In: E. Dua and A. Robertson (eds.) Scratching the Surface:
Canadian Anti-Racist Feminist Thought. Toronto: Women’s Press, 127-164.
Bob Jessop (1993) “Towards a Schumpeterian Workfare State” Studies in Political
Economy 40.
6.6 Session 8: Rescaling welfare – the territoriality of neoliberal social
policy
* Jamie Peck (1998) “Postwelfare Massachusetts,” Economic Geography, vol 74 no 4,
pp. 62-82.
* Rianne Mahon (2003), “Yet another R? The Redesign and Rescaling of Welfare
Regimes.” School of Public Policy and Administration Working Paper No.55.
Carlton University.
Keith Banting (1995) “The Welfare State as Statecraft: Territorial Politics and Canadian
Social Policy.” In: S.Leibfried and P. Pierson (eds.) European Social Policy:
Between Fragmentation and Integration. Washington: Brookings Institute.
Joel F. Handler, Chapter 5: The Return to the States, in: The Poverty of Welfare
Reform. New Haven: Yale UP 1995
13.6 Session 9: Social policy after fordism: From Welfare to Workfare
* Peck, Jamie (2001) Workfare States. Guilford Press, ch 5 pp.168-210 and part of ch 6,
pp. 236-260.
Peck, Jamie (1998) “Workfare in the sun: politics, representation and method in US
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welfare-to-work strategies.” Political Geography, vol 17 no 5, pp. 535-566.
Janine Brodie (1996) “Restructuring and the New Citizenship.” In: I. Bakker (ed.)
Rethinking Restructuring: Gender and Change in Canada. Toronto: University of
Toronto Press.
Shragge, E. (1997) (ed.) Workfare: Ideology for a New Under-Class. Toronto:
Garamond Press.
Bob Russell, (000) “From Workhouse to Workfare: The Welfare State and Shifting
Policy Terrains.” In: M. Burke, C. Mooers and J. Shields (eds.) Restructuring and
Resistance: Canadian Public Policy in an Age of Global Capitalism. Halifax:
Fernwood Press, 26-49.
Michael B. Katz (2001) “Governors as Welfare Reformers,” in: Katz, The Price of
Citizenship: Redefining the American Welfare State, New York: Metropolitan
Books, 77-103.
Nikolas Theodore and Jamie Peck, 1999. “Welfare-to-Work? National Problems, Local
Solutions? Critical Social Policy 61, 19/4, 485-510.
20.6 Session 10: Restructuring Labour Markets /Shifting employment
norms
* Jim Stanford “Discipline, Insecurity, and Productivity: The economics behind labour
market flexibility” in: Pulkingham and Ternowetsky, Remaking Canadian Social
Policy, 1996, 130-150.
Fudge, J. and L. Vosko (2003) “Gender Paradoxes and the Rise of Contingent Work:
Towards a Transformative Political Economy of the Labour Market.” In: W.
Clement and L.Vosko (eds.) Changing Canada: Political Economy as
Transformation. Montreal: McGill-Queen’s University Press, 183-209
Greg Albo “Competitive Austerity and the Impasse of Capitalist Employment Policy”
Socialist Register 1994
Fritz Scharpf , “Social Justice, Social Democracy and European Integration,” paper
delivered at CES, Harvard University, conference on Social Democracy, March
2005
http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~ces-lib/sjfed/docs/Scharpf_FW.pdf
27.6 Session 11: State restructuring, New Public Management, and the nonprofit sector
* John Shields and Bryan Evans, 1998, Shrinking the State: Globalization and Public
Administration “Reform.” Halifax: Fernwood, ch 5, pp.88-115.
* Mathematica, 2002. Privatization of Welfare Services: A Review of the Literature.
Prepared for U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services. (#)
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Jenson Jane and Susan D. Phillips (1996) “Regime Shift: New Citizenship Practices in
Canada.” International Journal of Canadian Studies 4 (Fall): 1-25.
Volker Eick, Margit Mayer, Jens Sambale, eds., 2003. “From Welfare to Work”,
Nonprofits and the Workfare State in Berlin and Los Angeles. WP 1, Dept of
Politics, JFKI.
Michael B. Katz, “The Independent Sector, the Market, and the State,” Kap 7 in: ders.,
The Price of Citizenship. Redefining the American Welfare State. New York:
Metropolitan Books 2001, 171-194.
Robert Wuthnow, Saving America? Faith-Based Services and the Future of Civil
Society. Princeton University Press, 2004.
Jacob Hacker, “Privatizing Risk without Privatizing the Welfare State: The Hidden
Politics of Social Policy Retrenchment in the United States.” American Political
Science Review 98, 2 (May 2004): 243-60.
4.7 Session 12: Social movements and communities resisting neoliberalism
* Janet Conway (2004) Identity, Place, Knowledge: Social movements contesting
globalization. Halifax: Fernwood, ch.7.
Ellen Reese, Vincent Giedraitis, and Eric Vega, 2003. Public Policy, Threats, and
Popular Mobilization: Campaigns Against Welfare Privatization, ASA Meeting
(#)
Ellen Reese, Garnett Newcombe, 2003. “Income Rights, Mothers’ Rights, or Workers’
Rights? Collective Action Frames, Organizational Ideologies, and the American
Welfare Rights Movement,” Social Problems 50/2, 294-318 (#)
Ellen Reese, 2002. “Resisting the Workfare State: Mobilizing General Relief Recipients
in Los Angeles,” Race, Gender and Class 9/1: 72-95 (#)
David Camfield (2000) “Assessing Resistance in Harris’ Ontario, 1995-1999.” In: M.
Burke, C. Mooers and J. Shields (eds.) Restructuring and Resistance: Canadian
Public Policy in an Age of Global Capitalism. Halifax: Fernwood, 306-17.
11.7 Session 13: Roundtable Discussion
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