Arizona Agriscience Curriculum
Standard: 21.0 Investigate approved biotechnology techniques.
True / False
Directions: Circle true or false to indicate if the statement is true or false.
1) True / False
Inbreeding produces hybrid organisms.(21.1)
2) True / False
3) True / False
Restriction enzymes act as the scissors to cut DNA. (21.1)
Genotype is the physical appearance of the organism.(21.1)
4) True / False
A desired gene is cloned by being inserted into a bacterial
cell and reproduced as the bacteria reproduces. (21.1)
5) True/ False Gene verification is the process of transferring the desired gene
into the chromosome of plants cells using bacterium or a gene gun. (21.1)
6) True/ False Biotechnology is the process of applying technology to living
organisms to improve existing products or make new ones. (21.1)
7) True/ False Organismic biotechnology is the area of biotechnology that
involves changing an organism at the cellular level. (21.1)
8) True / False
Embryo transfer allows a person to improve their herd
quickly and without replacing several animals. (21.2)
9) True / False Causing the donor animal to release multiple eggs at once is
called synchronization. (21.2)
10) True / False The donor animal is inseminated only once before flushing.
(21.2)
11) True / False
The embryos are staged and graded before implanting to
make sure they are viable and healthy. (21.2)
12) True / False
Embryos must be implanted into the recipient at the same
stage of estrus as the donor was in when the embryos were flushed.
(21.2)
13) True/ False
A Stage 1 embryo is not viable. (21.2)
14) True / False
Twin offspring can be produced through embryo transfer
methods.(21.2)
15) True / False
soil
In Stage IV tissue culture plants are ready to be planted in
media. (21.3)
16) True / False Plants in culture perform little or no photosynthesis. (21.3)
17) True / False Cultured plants are used to growing in low humidity. (21.3)
18) True / False Plants must be acclimated to low humidity gradually. (21.3)
19) True / False When sterilizing the plant material during Stage I, keep the stems
in the bleach solution longer than 20 minutes. (21.3)
20) True / False Aseptic technique must be followed when conducting tissue
culture activities. (21.3)
21) True / False Rooting media will stunt root growth of tissue cultures. (21.3)
22) True / False Through biotechnology, garlic can reduce cholesterol. (21.4)
23) True / False “Golden rice”, a biotech product can help prevent blindness in
developing nations. (21.4)
24) True / False The American Medical Association is against further
biotechnology research and advancements. (21.4)
25) True / False Biotechnology is the #1 Consumer Food Safety Concern. (21.4)
26) True / False Increased pesticide use is a negative result of biotechnology.
(21.4)
27) True / False Hormones play a central role in the growth and development of
plants. (21.6)
28) True / False Gibberellins affect fruit ripening.(21.6)
29) True / False Synthetic plant hormones are used to manipulate plant growth
and development. (21.6)
30) True / False If you wanted to manipulate the size of fruit you would use
Gibberellins.(21.6)
31) True / False Auxins inhibit cell growth. (21.6)
32) True/ False Bits of DNA with no function, merely the peculiar ability to spread
themselves around by hopping in and out of DNA are called transposable
genes. (21.8)
33) True / False A Biochemist’s main role is to study the molecular nature of the
gene and its mechanisms of gene replication, mutation, and expression.(21.9)
34) True / False Research Scientists design, plan and investigate experiments
and fieldwork to advance and apply knowledge of biological and natural
phenomena. (21.9)
35) True / False Disease, insect and drought resistance, are all ways
biotechnology can improve plants.(21.11)
36) True / False The benefits of adding genes to plants to control diseases is that
it's much faster to grow a crop.(21.11)
Multiple Choice
Directions: Circle the letter that corresponds with the correct answer.
37) Which process is used to insert a transgene when it is important to target
gene sequences to specific sites in the genome? (21.1)
a) microinjection
b) embryonic stem cell transfer
c) retroviral vectors
d) nuclear transfer
38) A ____________________, obtained by gel electrophoresis, can be used for
identification.(21.1)
a. DNA fingerprint
b. hair stand
c. blood sample
d. cell
39) The genetic makeup of an organism that can also be adapted by the
environmental conditions.(21.1)
a) Phenotype
b) Genotype
c) Genetic design
d) None of the above
40) What is used to put DNA back together?(21.1)
a.
b.
c.
d.
restriction enzymes
ligase
base
chromosome
41) The study of genes and heredity, or how characteristics are passed from
parents to children.(21.1)
a) Biology
b) Heredity
c) Genetics
d) Genealogy
42) The process of cutting the DNA of a gene in order to add base pairs.(21.1)
a) Genetic engineering
b) Gene Splicing
c) Both A and B
d) None of the above
43) When genetically modifying animals, how many generations does it take
before the offspring will have a stable form of the inserted gene? (21.1)
a)
b)
c)
d)
4
2
3
5
44) What is the mechanism used to clone a desired plant gene? (21.1)
a)
b)
c)
d)
Virus
Bacterial cell
Gene Gun
Gene Splicer
45) What is the process by which researchers produce an entire plant from cells
that contain the new gene? (21.1)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gene Cloning
Gene Implementation
Gene Verification
Cell Regeneration
46) What must happen after plants have been created with new genes and before
seeds can be produced? (21.1)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Gene Verification
Cell regeneration
Trait Identification
Testing of the new plant
47) Which embryo stages can be used in the transfer process? (21.2)
a) stages 1-5
b) stages 3-8
c) stages 4-7
d) stages 6-9
48) What technique allows you to use the oldest, ugliest, cheapest female animal
to produce an unrelated and higher producing offspring? (21.2)
a)
b)
c)
d)
Selective breeding
Embryo transfer
Gene cloning
Artificial insemination
49) The process of Donor animals being injected with FSH causing the release of
multiple eggs in a single estrus cycle. (21.2)
a) Super-ovulation
b) Flushing
c) Insemination
d) Synchronization
50) How often must a donor animal be inseminated to insure multiple embryos?
(21.2)
a) Every 6 hours
b) Every 12 hours
c) Every 8 hours
d) Every 16 hours
51) Why is estrus synchronization important between the donor and recipient
animals during embryo transfer? (21.2)
a) Easier embryo flushing
b) Increased pregnancy rate
c) Increased embryo production
d) Synchronized births
52) If you wanted to increase the quality of your herd and you only had
commercial grade cows, which process would allow you to upgrade your herd
to pedigreed stock the quickest? (21.2)
a) Artificial insemination
b) Embryo transfer
c) Breeding a purebred bull to your females
d) None of the above
53) During Stage I tissue culture, it is imperative that you follow: (21.3)
a) proper aseptic technique
b) ex plants have one node
c) all tools and equipment are cleaned up
d) all of the above
54) How often should shoots be divided in Stage II tissue culture (21.3)
a) 10 weeks
b) 2 weeks
c) 4 weeks
d) 6 weeks
55) Stage II tissue culture involves more shoot multiplication and (21.3)
a) axillary bud formation
b) ex plant production
c) formation of leaves
d) formation of stems
56) Stage III tissue culture characteristics include development of (21.3)
a) stems
b) leaves
c) roots
d) buds
57) Moving to rooting media will _____________ root growth? (21.3)
a) stunt
b) enhance
c) have no effect
d) hasten
58) Why is it important to remove all dirt and debris from the plant material when
doing tissue culture? (21.3)
a. Dirt and debris will contaminate the entire procedure
b. It will prevent Photosynthesis fro taking place.
c. It is important to keep a clean lab area.
d. The dirt and debris will affect the nutrient content of
the growing media.
59) What was the first commercial biotech product? (21.4)
a) Corn for ethanol
b) Insulin
c) Enriched rice
d) Disease resistant plants
60) What was the first commercially produced biotech food product?(21.4)
a) FlavorSavor Tomatoes
b) Chymosin and enzyme for making cheese
c) Bananas with a longer shelf life
d) Sweet peppers
61) How have some bananas been altered to improve our health?(21.4)
a)
b)
c)
d)
Higher protein content
Contain insulin
Edible hepatitis vaccine
Increased iron content
62) What is an environmental benefit of biotechnology?(21.4)
a) Reduced pesticide use
b) Lower energy requirements
c) Cleaner Water
d) All of the above
63) How has biotechnology affected the health benefits of rice?(21.4)
a) Increased iron content
b) Enriched with beta-carotene
c) Lower in cholesterol
d) Both a and c
64) What is the practice of crop breeding that involves the controlled pollination of
plants? (21.5)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Selective breeding
Improvement by selection
Molecular biotechnology
Hybridization
65) What is the process by which livestock are bred to obtain desired
characteristics in the offspring? (21.5)
a.
b.
c.
d.
Selective breeding
Improvement by selection
Molecular biotechnology
Hybridization
66) What is the are of biotechnology that seeks to promote healthier and more
productive organisms? (21.5)
(a) Improvement by selection
(b) Molecular biotechnology
(c) Hybridization
(d) Organismic biotechnology
67) This hormone affects fruit development and ripening.(21.6)
a) Auxin
b) Cytokinins
c) Gibberellins
d) Abscisic acid
e) Ethylene
68) What is not a use of the synthetic form of the plant hormone
Gibberellins?(21.6)
a) Increase size of seedless grapes
b) Improve length, crispness of celery stalks
c) Regulate flowering response
d) As a herbicide to cause weeds to "grow to death."
69) What plant hormone’s synthetic form is used to prevent flowers from drying?
(21.6)
a) Auxin
b) Cytokinins
c) Gibberellins
d) Abscisic acid
e) Ethylene
70) What plant hormone inhibits cell growth?(21.6)
a) Auxin
b) Cytokinins
c) Gibberellins
d) Abscisic acid
e) Ethylene
71) A physician trained to prevent, diagnose, manage, and treat a disease is
known as a(n): (21.9)
a. immunologist
b. enzymologist
c. biochemist
d. molecular biologist
72) A patent lawyer is involved in which area of biotechnology? (21.9)
a. Research
b. Development
c. Production
d. Management & Marketing
73) A chemical engineer is involved in which area of biotechnology? (21.9)
a. Research
b. Development
c. Production
d. Management & Marketing
74) Conducts clinical laboratory testing that is crucial to detecting and diagnosing
diseases. (21.9)
a) Research Scientist
b) Laboratory Technician
c) Sales account representative
d) Patent Lawyer
75) A ________________ is concerned with transforming raw materials into
valuable products by chemical, biochemical or physical processes.(21.9)
a) Biochemist
b) Chemical Engineer
c) Molecular Biologist
d) Program Manager
76) What biotechnology career would you consider if you wanted to be involved in
research, development, and production? (21.9)
a) Research Scientist
b) Laboratory Technician
c) Sales account representative
d) Patent Lawyer
77) Of the following, circle the answer that is not a negative aspect of
biotechnology:
a. developing countries can't afford it
b. there's concern that the synthetic products are bad for you
c. food is sometime better tasting
d. many products aren't labeled
78) Why has the Bacillus Thuringenesis gene been used to modify agriculture
crops?(21.11)
a) To prevent disease
b) To create pest resistance
c) To increase the yield
d) To increase the growth rate
Matching
Directions: Correctly match each term with its description and write the
corresponding letter on the line provided.
(21.1)
79) ______ Microinjection
a. Using the cloning technique to
produce transgenic animals.
80) ______ Retroviral Vectors
b. Fertilizing harvested eggs in-vitro
81) ______ Nuclear Transfer
82) ______ Embryonic Stem Cell
Transfer
c. Results in random placement of
gene into the genome and differing
offspring
d. Used to target gene sequences to
specific sites in the genome
(21.3)
83) aseptic technique
A. plant your are using for tissue culture
84) Node
B. items that make materials impure of
unclean by contact or mixture
C. The points on a stem where a leaf is
attached.
D. Free of pathogenic microorganisms
85) Contaminates
86) semi-herbaceous
87) ex-plant
E. Transition part of the plant between
woody and non-woody growth
F. A substitute for soil in tissue culture
that provides the plants with nutrients,
moisture and a place for the roots to
anchor the plant.
88) growing media
Match the biotechnology advancement with the associated product
(21.4)
89) ____ Potatoes
90) ____ Tomatoes
91) ____ Fruits and vegetables
92) ____ Rice
a. Enriched with beta-carotene and iron
content.
b. Slower ripening time and increased
nutrient value
c. increased antioxidants
d. Increased solid content to prevent
oils from saturating.
Identify the diagram that illustrates each of the embryo stages below. (21.2)
93) _____ Stage 4 Morula
A.
94) _____ Stage 5 Blastocyst
B.
95) _____ Stage 6 Expanding
Blastocyst
C.
96) _____ Two Cell
D.
(21.6) Match the description to the appropriate plant hormone.
97) ____Auxins
A. Used as spray for shrubs and trees
to induce dormancy for shipping in
nursery industry
98) _____ Cytokinins
B. Produced naturally by ripened fruit,
germinating seeds, decaying flowers
C. Increases fruit size
99) _____ Gibberellins
100) _____ Abscisic Acid
101) _____ Ethylene
D. Naturally found in developing
tissues
E. Used in nurseries to: induce root
formation and to promote uniform
flowering
Short Answer
102) Identify four benefits of food production caused by biotechnology. (21.4)
103) Identify one specific biotechnology breakthrough and discuss why it is
important or interesting. (21.11)
104) Identify two environmental benefits caused by biotechnology. (21.4)
105) Name 2 benefits of embryo transfer. (21.5)
106) Name three criteria for selecting donor animals. (21.2)
On May 8th in the morning the onset of estrus began for the donor cow. The
donor cow was bred 12 hours after the onset of estrus. The donor was flushed 7
days after breeding. The embryos were frozen. (21.2)
107)
a)
b)
c)
d)
On what date was the donor flushed and the embryos frozen?
May 15 pm
May 15 am
May 16 am
May 14 pm
108) Between what dates should the embryo be transferred into the recipient
cow if she was in heat (started estrus) on October 12th in the morning?
a) Oct. 19 am
b) Oct. 19 pm
c) Oct. 20 am
d) Oct. 20 pm