Program of Study
:
DENTISTRY
Course
:
PATHOLOGICAL PHYSIOLOGY 1
Abbreviation
:
PFY/ZAB11
Schedule
:
30 hours of lectures
45 hours of exercises
Course distribution :
2rd year, 4th semester
Nuber of Credits
:
0
Course Form
:
Lectures, exercises
Lectures:
Teachers :
prof. MUDr. Martin Petřek, CSc.
MUDr. Dagmar Riegrová, CSc.
Study:
Continuous
Date
Subjects
1 15. 2. 2016 Introduction. Basic concepts in pathophysiology. Health
and disease. Local and general symptoms, syndromes.
Objective methods in course of disease and symptoms
evaluation. Genetic basis of diseases. Medical
exploration. Laboratory investigation. Laboratory quantities.
Laboratory markers.
2 22. 2. 2016 Common mechanisms of disease origin.
Disease as regulating disturbance. Disease course and
endings. The role of membrane receptors and signals
transduction in disease origin. Free radicals: origin, effects,
the role in disease pathogenesis. Hypothetical causes of
ageing.
3 29. 2. 2016 Pathophysiology of inflammation.
Non- specific defence mechanisms, disturbances. Fever.
Acute phase response.
4 7. 3. 2016 Pathophysiology of immune response.
Specific defence mechanisms, disturbances. Hypersensitivity
reactions. Autoimmune diseases. Skin and mucosal
manifestations.
5 14. 3. 2016 Pathophysiology of blood cells.
Pathophysiological aspects of the most frequent erythrocytes,
white cells and thrombocytes disturbances. Skin and mucosal
manifestations.
6 21. 3. 2016 Pathophysiology of hemostasis. Coagulation disturbances.
Bleeding states. Thrombophilia -civilisation disease.
1
Duration
(hrs)
2
2
2
2
2
2
7 28. 3. 2016 Easter holiday.
I. Acute circulatory failure.
A survey of syncope. Sudden death. Acute episodes in dental
practice.
8 4. 4. 2016 II. Acute circulatory failure.
A survey of shock states. Pathophysiological aspects of shock
pathogenesis, prevention and therapy.
9 11. 4. 2016 Pathophysiology of acute and chronic cardiac failure.
Chronic circulatory failure.
10 18. 4. 2016 Ischemic heart disease civilizing disease. Acute myocardial infarction. Risk
factors. Pathophysiological aspects of pathogenesis,
prevention and therapy.
11 25. 4. 2016 Pathophysiology of hypertension.
Hypertension as civilizing disease. Pathophysiological aspects
of pathogenesis and prevention. Basi therapeutic aproach.
12 2. 5. 2016 Pathogenesis of principal significant respiratory
disturbances.
Gas exchange. Obstructive and restrictive pulmonary
diseases. Risk factors. Respiratory failure. Distress breathing
syndrome.
13 9. 5. 2016 Civilization disorders. A survey. Pathophysiology of
cancerogenesis.
Mechanisms of cell proliferation, invasive growth,
metastases, consequences, complications.
14 16. 5. 2016 HIV- AIDS.
Up- to-date etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiological bases
of knowledge. Individual stages manifestation in orofacial
area.
15 23. 5. 2016 Free theme. The students are encouraged to specify the
theme.
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
2
The lectures are held in the No. 2. 520 room at New Building on Mondays, from 8.00
a.m. to 9.30 a.m.
Exercises:
Leading Teacher: prof. MUDr. Martin Petřek, CSc.
MUDr. Dagmar Riegrová, CSc.
Other members of the Department
Study :
Week
from-to
1 15. 2. 2016
2 22. 2. 2016
2
Continuous
Subject
Introduction.
The organization of exercises. Recommended study
sources. Safety rules.
Disease -causes, course and consequences.
Anesthesia. Narcosis. Euthanasia.
Types, stages, complications.
Duration
(hrs)
3
3
3 29. 2. 2016
4 7. 3. 2016
5 14. 3. 2016
6 21. 3. 2016
7 28. 3. 2016
8 4. 4. 2016
9 11. 4. 2016
10 18. 4. 2016
11 25. 4. 2016
3
Basic surgical instrumentarium.
Injection techniques - forms of application,
complications.
Training in surgical techniques. 1.
Sewing. Types of stitches. Practical training in surgical
knot.
Video: The use of laboratory animals.
Experiment in pathophysiology.
Experimental animal, laboratory animal. Protection of
animals. Alternative approaches.
Training in surgical techniques. 2.
Sewing. Types of stitches. Practical training (alternative
materials).
The course of a disease.
Inflammation. Fever. Necrosis, apoptosis and
autophagy. Healing. Recovery.
Pathophysiology of the immune mechanisms. Allergy.
Immunodeficiences
Pathophysiology of pain.
Acute and chronic pain. Perception, transduction,
modulation, interpretation of pain. Oral, facial and head
pain.
Test No. 1 Content of exercises 1-5, lectures 1-4.
Pathophysiology of blood elements.
Anaemia. Leucopenia. Leucocytosis.
Etiopathogenesis, manifestation in mouth.
Pathophysiology of blood substitution, blood
transfusion. Pathophysiology of bone marrow
transplantation.
Easter holiday.
Disturbances of hemostasis.
Bleeding states. Disturbances of primary and secondary
hemostasis, DIC.
Thrombophilic states.
Etiology, risk factors. Thrombembolism.
Pathophysiology of vessels.
Venous insufficiency of lower limbs. Lymphatic system
and microcirculation disturbances. Edemas.
Etiopathogenesis, examples.
Cardiac arhythmias.
Disturbances of creation excitement. Disturbances of
creation conduction. Cardiac blocks, preexcitation, reentry phenomenon. Basic ECG evaluation. Defibrilation
and cardioversion.
Test No. 2 Content of exercises 6-9, lectures 5-6.
Ischemic heart disease.
ECG and laboratory changes in ISCHD.
Atrial and ventricular hypertrophy. Causes, ECG
manifestations.
Congenital and hereditary heart defects with
L-R shunt, R-L shunt, stenosis, regurgitation.
Analysis of clinical cases.
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
12 2. 5. 2016
13 9. 5. 2016
14 16. 5. 2016
15 23. 5. 2016
Arterial hypertension. Volume AH, vasoconstriction
AH, Goldblatt hypertension – 1K1C, 2K1C.
Hypotension.
Introduction to practical training:
Pathophysiology of exercise.
Exercise tests:
Bicycle ergometry, step-test, Shellong´s test, model
situations of h. frequency and ECG changes
Pathophysiology of respiratory disturbances.
Hyper -, hypoventilation, perfusion and diffusion
disturbances. Obstructive and restrictive diseases.
Respiratory insufficiency- partial, global.
Analysis of clinical cases.
Test No. 3. Content of exercises 10-13, lectures 7-11
Final credit test. Supplementary exercises.
3
3
3
3
The exercises are held in the No. 2. 520 room at New Building on Mondays, from 9.45
a.m. to 12.00 a.m.
Completed by:
Credit
Requirements:
1) Successful attendance of the exercises is expected (one
absence excused without necessity to supply it).
Letter of apology is necessary in the case of another
absence(s). No more than three absences can be
excused by the Department. The students may
substitute their absence(s) in week 15 of the semester.
2) Sufficient knowledge of anatomy, biochemistry, and
physiology as well as adequate activity and
interaction in discussions during the exercises is
required. Passivity can be assessed by a teacher as an
absence of the student in the exercise.
3) Achieving of at least 70% mean value of the
maximum score attainable in the four tests.
4) In the case of mean scoring less than 70%, the
students will undergo a final credit test in the week 15
of the semester. The limit is 70% of the maximum
score attainable in this test.
5) In the case of scoring between 55%-69% of the
maximum in the final credit test, the student may
undergo an oral interview in a date offered by the
Department.
6) In the case of scoring less than 55% of the maximum
in the final credit test, or in the case of falling in the
oral interview, there is possibility for the student to
ask, in a written form, the head of the Department for
an extra re-examination.
1. Guyton A. C. : Textbook of Medical
Physiology. 11 t h Edition. Saunders, 2005 .
Literature:
2. Braunwald E et al. : Harrisons´s Principles of Internal
Medicine. 15th Edition. McGraw-Hill, 2001.
www.mefanet.cz; http://portal.med.muni.cz/;
4
http://portal.lf1.cuni.cz/,
http://pfyziollfup.upol.cz/castwiki2
5