CURRICULUM VITAE Name : Galal Eldin Elazhari Mohammed Elhassan Sex : Male Place & date of birth : Khartoum North, Sudan, January 1949 Martial statue : Married Nationality : Sudanese Academic status : Professor Academic Qualifications : April 1973 : The Degree of Bachelor of Veterinary Science, B.V.Sc. University of Khartoum, Faculty of Veterinary Science . 1982 : The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Ph.D. University of Nottingham, United Kingdom. Thesis title : Antimicrobial effects on Erysipelothrix and Listeria Experience : 1973-1974 : Veterinary Officer, Animal health Section, Ministry of Animal Resources . Duties : 1. Clinical work 2. Meat inspection 3. Diseases control 1974-1975 : Worked in El Kadru Quarantine Centre for Animal Export. Duties : 1. Animal health inspection 2. Vaccination 3. Administration 1975-1979 : Research Officer, Central Veterinary Research Laboratories. Duties : 1. Diagnosis and research in bacterial disease . 2. Production of bacterial vaccines (Black quarter, haemorrhagic septicaemia, anthrax and fowl cholera). )1( 1979-1982 : Studying for the Degree of Ph.D., University of Nottingham, United Kingdom . 1982-1986 : Senior Research Officer, Central Veterinary Research Laboratories. 1984 : Visit to Germany, Gottington (4 months) " Trials on production of bacterial vaccines by the fermenter " . 1986-1994 : Lecturer of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. of Medicine, Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Khartoum, Sudan . 1992 : Visit to Liverpool, U.K. ( 3 months ) "Trials for detection of antibodies agaisnt camel sarcoptic mange mites " . 1995 to 2006 : Lecturer of Veterinary Medicine, Dept. of Clinical Studies, College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, King Faisal University, AL-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia . 2006-to date Lecturer of veterinary medicine, college of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Production. Sudan University of Science and Technology Academic achievements : 1. I was among the research group who have introduced new and more economical medium for the production of Black quarter vaccine. This medium has considerably led to the reduction in the cost of the vaccine production . 2. I was one of the researcher who produced for the first time the Antrax vaccine locally. Moreover, the medium for this bacteria has been modified to give improved vaccine production . )2( 3. Established the properties of locally isolated strains of Clostridium chauvoei (Kad strain) for future production of Black quarter vaccine . 4. Contributed significantly in the training of Veterinary Officers who joined the Central Veterinary Research Laboratories (CVRL) . 5. Supervised many postgraduate students for Master and Ph.D.degrees 6. Successfully promoted the undergraduate student exchange between the University of Khartoum Veterinary Student Association (VSA) on the one hand and those in Cambridge, Liverpool, Surrey and Holland Universities on the other hand . 7. Secretary of the editorial board for the proceedings of the International Symposium on Development of Animal Resources and Production in the Sudan which included 63 scientific papers covering different aspects of health and production in cattle, sheep, goat and camels . 8. Investigation of health problem in Camel herds belong to his highnest Sultan Bin Mohammed Bin Saud. Central region. South Riyad Saudi Arabia . 9. Investigation of abnormal feeding behavior of sheep flocks in North west Saudi Arabia . Rafah. 10. Investigation of diseases problem in Camel belong to his Royal highnest Sultan Bin Abdul Aziz . Northern Saudi Arabia . Hafr AL-Batin . 11. Investigation of outbreak of deaths among newborn lamb. Northern region. EL-Raghi Sheep Productions scheme ( 400,000 head of sheep ) . AL-Gouf . )3( 12. Investigation in two different occasions of deaths among lactating freizian cows. Eastern Reqown . Nadik Dairy Company. All the above investigations (8-12) ended Success fully and control of the problems were achieved . 13.Chairman of the committee for upgrading of the department of Animal surgery and Medicine to College of Veterinary Medicine. 14-Member of the steering International Scientific and the Scientific Conference of committees for the Camel Reasearch and Production,Khartoum,Sudan.17-18 April 2013. 15=Chairman of Accreditation and Assessment committee for preparation of the College academic plan and its associations. Seminars, Symposia and Training Courses : 1. The 8th International Symposium on the Problem of Listeriosis, Madrid, Spain, 1981. 2. The 4th International Symposium in Antimicrobials and Agriculture. Borough Geen, U.K., 1984 . 3. the International Symposium on Development of Animal Resources and Production in the Sudan, Khartoum 3-9 January, 1988 . 4. The National Seminar on Disaster Prevention and Management in the Sudan. Khartoum 3-9 January 1988 . 5. Symposium on camel Breeding and Camel Diseases and their control . Algeria, 24-26 March , 1990 . 6. Seminar on Antihelminthic Drugs, United Arab Emirates, Dubai, November 1989. 7. Symposium on the role of Animal Resources in Food Security and Development in the Sudan, Khartoum, 3-4 December, 1990 . )4( 8. Symposium on Drug Use Strategies for the control of animal Trypanosomiasis in the Sudan. Khartoum 17-18 December, 1990 . 9. The 5th Conference of the General Union of Arab Veterinary Doctor. Khartoum 12-16 January, 1992, The Sudan. 10. Egyptian Society for Cattle Diseases. Second Scientific Congress. 5-7 December, 1993, Assiut, Egypt . 11. Training course for Veterinarians in Camel Field. Held in Cairo-Egypt, 11-30 April, 1992. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University and AOAD . 12. Symposium on the effect of the International Trade on the epidemiology of camel infectious diseases. Magrib – El Ribat, October 28-30, 1993, AOAD. 13. Mini-symposium on Zoonotic Diseases, held by King Fahad Hospital, Hofuf, Saudi Arabia, 17 January, 1996 . 14. Training course for Veterinarians " Sheep production under intensive management ", held by the Agricultural Training Center, Ministry of Agriculture & Water, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia, 19-30.10.199. Title of the lecture " The Diseases of Sheep under Intensive Management " . 15. Training Course for Veterinarians " Horse and Camel Medicine and Surgery", Held by the college of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, King Faisal University, 15-26.3.1997. Title of the lectures : 1. Clinical Data and Examination of Camel . 2. The most common diseases of the different systems of camel . 16. Training Course for Veterinarians "Problems in Dairy Farms", held by the College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, King Faisal University, AL-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia 6-17.12.1997. )5( Title of the lectures : 1. Mastitis in dairy farms. Diagnosis and therapeutic management . 2. Metabolic diseases in dairy cattle . 17. Training Course for Veterinarians " Dairy Farms", held by the Agricultural Training Center, Ministry of Agriculture & Water, ALAhsa, Saudi Arabia, 18-30.10.1997. Title of the lecture: " Important digestive and metabolic disturbances in dairy cattle " . 18. Training Course for Assistant Veterinarians, Ministry of Agriculture and Wafer . 2003. Title of the lecture : " Important Diseases of sheep in Saudi Arabia " . 19. Training course for Saudi Arabian Assistant Veterinarians,joined agreement between Ministry of Livestock,Fishery and Range and Ministry of Agriculture ,Saudi Arabia, (2012) 20. Training course for Saudi Arabian Assistant Veterinarians,joined agreement between Ministry of Livestock,Fishery and Range and Ministry of Agriculture ,Saudi Arabia, (2013) Administration : University of Khartoum 1986-1990 Secretary of the Departmental Board Department of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology . 1986-1990 Member of the Faculty Board Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Khartoum. 1987-1989 Representative of the Faculty of Veterinary Science in the Institutes of Technical Colleges Board . 1988-1989 Advisor for the University of Khartoum Veterinary Student Association (VSA) )6( 1988-1989 Member of the Students Tour Committee Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Khartoum . 1988-1992 Member of the Faculty of Veterinary Science Examination Committee 1988 Member in a number of committees during the preparation for the Golden Jubilee of the Faculty of Veterinary Science . 1989-1992 Academic Advisor for the students of the Faculty of Veterinary Science University of Khartoum . 1989-1990 Secretary, faculty of Veterinary Science Board . 1989-1993 Member of the Drugs Registration Committee Ministry of Health . May-June Acting Head 1990 Department of Medicine, Pharmacology & Toxicology 1989-1991 Representative of the faculty of Veterinary Science in a committee formed by the Ministry of Finance and Economic Planning in a project for rehabilitation of Higher Agricultural Education in the Sudan. The first part of the study is completed and comprised 7 volumes about the rehabilitation of building, laboratories, equipment, teaching aids, training, administration etc. in 3 universities and 6 technical institutes . 1990-1991 Representative, Faculty of Veterinary Science in the University of Khartoum Technician Board . 1990 Representative of the Faculty of Veterinary Science in the committee formed by the Ministry of Education for the upgrading of ABBA Technical School. )7( 1991 Member of the committee formed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Natural Resource for the organization of short courses for the veterinarians as a part of Pan African Rinderpest Campaign (PARC) sponsored by EEC. 1991-1993 Member of the committee formed by the Veterinary Drug Supply Administration for the establishment of new strategies for drug importation . July 1994 Head Department Department of Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology. December1995 to 2006 on secondment to College of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Resources, King Faisal University, AL-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. 1996-2003 Secretary, College Academic Affairs Committee . 1996-2003 Secretary, Department of Clinical Studies . ] 1997 Member, Rehabilitation of the Veterinary Convoy Committee . 1998 Member, Committee formed for assessment of the Graduate Students' academic and clinical training status . 1997-2002 Chairman, College Cultural and Sport Activities Committee . 2003-2004 Member, College Cultural and sport Activities Committee. 1998-2004 Member, of the Examination committee Sudan University of Science and Technology 2006 –up to date. Member of the Faculty Board Member Faculty Research Board )8( 2006-2000 Member of the Graduate College Board(SUST) 2007-2008 2008-2009 Head Department of Animal Surgery and Medicine(SUST) Deputy Dean (Dean in charge in many occasions)(SUST) Memberships : 1. Society of Sudanese Microbiological Society . 2. The Camel Research Unit (CRU). 3. Sudanese Veterinary Association (SVA). 4. Shambat Development and Maintenance of Hygienic Environment (SDMHE). 5. Journal of Camel Practice and Research (India). 6. Saudi Biological Society (SBS). 7. Sudanese Society of Microbiology Supervision of Graduation Dissertations : King Faisal University 1.Fahad Abdullah Al-Hizab (1995) . " Survey of Most Common Skin Diseases of Camel with Special Reference to Ringworm " . 2.Abdullah Abdul Raheem Ghabban (1995). " Pregnancy Toxaemia in Ovine and Caprine". 3.Salem M. S. Al-Mugheiry (1995). " Dromedary Pneumonia " . 4.Salem Suleman Al-Saiby (1996). " Anaemia in Equine Athelete ". )9( 5.Abdullah Ahmed Mussa Al-Mesrandah (1997). " Clinico-pathological Study of Mastitis in She-camel ". 6.Tarig Mohamed Ghabban (1997). " Liver Function Tests and Hepatic Diseases in Camel " . 7.Ali Taher Al-Hamed (1998). " Ascitis Syndrome in Arabian Camel " . 8.Farhan Daham El-Shamari (1998) . " Clinical and Aetiological Studies in Lamb Coccidiosis " . 9.Rayed Ali Ahmed (1998) . " Clinical Investigation on Sheep Mange " . 10. Twfeek Mohamed Al-Subaa (1999). " Clinical alterations associated with nematodial infection in camel in Hofuf area ". 11. Abbas Hassan Al-Mailow (1999) " Clinical alterations associated with nematodial infection in camel in Hofuf area ". 12. Saleha A. Al-Jeshi (2000) " Pneumonia in sheep and goats " . 13. Amin Salih Al-Baik (2000) " Studies on experimental infection of goat udder with E. coli " 14. Fadil W. Thwamir (2001) " Study of foot affection (foot rot ) in different species of animals " . 15. Abdul Aziz S. Al-Osakai (2001) " Mastitis in cow : clinical signs and bacteriological examination " . )10( 16. Sadiy A. Al-Ben Hamad (2002) " With drawl Period of antibiotics " 17. Mutaib AL-Sarhan (2003) " Studies on Booine mastitis " 18. Ahmed AL-Ramadan (2004) " Studies on Cerbrospinal fluid camel " 19. Yasser Yaseen AL-Zaid (2004) " Studies on the aetiology and milk analysis of bovine mastitis " 20. Moayad Moansour AL-Hoodar (2004) "Studies on experimental infection of sheep udder with staphylococcus aureus" Sudan University of Science Technology: Supervision of 10 groups working on different clinical problems(20072013) Supervision of Post-Graduate Students : I. Degree of M.V.Sc. 1.Dr. Muna Osma El Hag " Comparative Studies on the Clostridium chauvoei Strain CH3 and Sudanese Strain Kad " , 1987 2.Dr. Lila Ismail " Properties of Injured Bacteria Isolated form Processed Meat ", 1987 . 3.Dr. Mohamed El Amin Hamid Ali " Identification of the Causative Agent of Bovine Farcy by Simple Lipid Analysis and Rapid Biochemical Tests ", 1989 . 4.Dr. Badawi Mohamed Mongash " Methods of Diagnosis of John's Disease in Bovine", 1990 )11( 5.Dr. Mohamed Kheir Omer " Clinical Studies and Treatment Trials on Caprine Mastitis ", 1990 . 6.Dr. Asia Saeed. " The Effect of Methylpredisolone in Health, Diseased and Pregnant goats", 1991. 7.Dr. Kamal Eldin Mustafa Abu Elgasim " Study on Clinical, Aetiological and Pathological Aspects of Pneumonia in Camels (Camelus dromedaries)", 1992. 8.Dr. Mohamed Hassan Rahmatalla " Haemorrhagic Septicaemia" Pasteruella multocida Infection in Camels : Immunity Status; Serological and bacteriological Studies", 1994 . 9.Dr. Salwa Mohamed Salih " Studies on Camel Mastitis: Aetiology, Clinical Picture and Milk Composition " , 1994. 10. Dr. Naser, A. AL-Humam (Saudi Arabia) Studies on haemorrhagic septicaemia " Pasteurella multocida infection " in calves : Etiology , pathogenicity and immune status , 2002 . 11. Bader A. AL-Hamdan(Saudi Arabia) " Studies on hematological and biochemical allerations in camel diarrhea due to common aetiological agents " . In Progress 12-Al BhanasawiN.M.(Palastine)(2007) Clinical and serobiochemical Studies on Naturally-occurring Pregnancy Toxaemia in Shamia goats. 13- Afaf Mohammed Mohammed Salih Master of Science in Microbiology 2012 Bovine Mastitis: The causative Agents and the Antibiotic Susceptability 14=Fadi------------------------------------ )12( II. Degree of Ph.D. 1. Dr, Kamal El Din El Siddig Ibrahim "Studies on the Bovine Hide – Meibomian Gland Demodicosis Complex",1989. 2. Dr. Babiker Osman " Prevalence and Properties of Clostridium perfringens in camel (Camelus dromedaries)", 1990 . 3. Dr. Fatima El Amin "Effect of Freezing on Bacteria in Processed Meat", 1991. 4. Dr. Ibtisam Elisas "Studies on the Incidence and Aetiological Agents of Mastits Among Friezing Cattle in The Sudan" , 1995. 5. Dr. Sanaa Osman Yagoub "Studies on Contagious Skin Necrosis in Camel in The Sudan", 1996 6- Abubakar Ahmd Mohamed Ahmed Elayis 2012 Studies on Colibacillus Diarrhoea in Dairy Calves in Khartoum States Ph.D in Veterinary Medicine (Microbiology) 7- Awatif Ali Sid Ahmed Abdullah 2012 Bacteriological Status of sheep carcasses in Slaughter houses in Khartoum States Ph.D degree inVeterinary Medicine (Microbiology) Note: All above post-graduate students have been awarded their degrees with excellent reports from their examiners. The works of most of these candidates have already been published in national and international journals. Ongoing supervision: ●Master degree:-5 students(4 Sudanese and one from Saudi Arabia) ●PhD degree:5 students( 4 Sudanese and one from Gordon) )13( Note: Experience as examiner for bachelor, master and PhD degrees covers all disciplines of veterinary medicine and microbiology in most of the universities in Sudan. Research Projects : ● Studies on the aetiology and Clinical pathology of mastitis in different farm animals in Saudi Arabia, 3 years project. Sponsored by King Abdul Aziz City for Science and Technology, Saudi Arabia. ●Two projects,one concerning skin disease of camel and the othe about therapeutic properties of some of the medicinal plants(bothe are funded by the College of Scientific Research,SUST. Other Activities : 1. Chairman of the Parent council of Shambat Primary School for Boys (1990-1993) . 2. Deputy Chairman of the Parent Council of Shambat Primary School for Girls (1991-1994). 3. Member of the Steering Committee in Shambat Town for the establishment of a new health centre (1992-1994). Books: )زدار البشير للثاقفة والعلومزمصر5002(االمراض الشائعة فى االغنام وطرق عالجها-1 )مكتبه الملك فهد5002(.تربيتها وصفاتها وامراضها.االبل فى المملكة العربية السعودية-5 الوطنية للنشر )دليل الفحص السريرى لتشخيص االمراض فى الحيوان(تمت اجازته واالن بمطبعة الجامعة-3 االمراض السائدة فى الماعز والضان وطرق التشخيص والعالج(تمت اجازته واالن بمطبعة-4 )الجامعة )14( Publications : Note : G. ELAZHARI was changed to G.E. MOHAMED . 1. ELAZHARI, G., EL SANOUSI, S.M., MEKI, T.NAYLA, MOUSA, M.T. and ELJACK, M.A. (1981). A comparative study of Sudanese (Kad1), a highly immunogenic (CH3), and a pathogenic (CH4). Strains of clostridium chauvoei. Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, No. 2-3: 95-102 . 2. MOHAMED, G.E., SEAMAN, A. and WOODBINE, M. (1981). Food antibiotic and Listeria : Nisin-salt synergism . In problems of listeriosis, proceedings of the 8th International Symposium on the problems of listeriosis, Madrid, Spain, 1981. 3. MOHAMED, G.E., SEAMAN, A., and WOODBINE, M. (1983). Effect of pH and glucose on growth and haemolysin production by Listeria monocytogenes. The Sudan Journal of Veterinary Research. Vol.5: 3446. 4. MOHAMED, G.E., SEAMAN, A., and WOODBINE, M. (1984). Food antibiotic nisin: Comparative effect on Erysipelothrix and International Symposium (edited by M. Woodbine). Borough Green. U.K. Butterworths, 435-442. 5. MOHAMED, G.E., ABU-SAMRA, M.T., and MUSA, B.E. (1990). The status of camel diseases in the Sudan and future outlook . In the Seminar of Camel Breeding and Diseases and the Methods of the control. Organized by Ministry of Animal Resources in Algeria in collaboration with the Arab Organization of Agricultural Development (AOAD). Algeria, 24-26 March. 6. MOHAMED, G.E., HOFFMAN, D., BABIKER, S.H., ELWALI, A.A., and SEIFERT, H.S.H. (1988). Production of Anthrax live-spore vaccine by the fermenter in Sudan. In the proceedings of the )15( International Symposium on Development of Animal Resources and production in Sudan. Faculty of Veterinary Science, Khartoum University, Sudan, 493-500 . 7. MOHAMED, G.E. (1992). The infectious diseases of camel . Training Course in Camel Field. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University and AOAD. Cairo, Egypt. 11-30 April, 28 pages . 8. MOHAMED, G.E. (1993). The role of the International Trade on the spread of Camel Diseases. Symposium on the effect of the international trade on the epidemiology of the infectious diseases of camel . AOAD, El Rabat, Magrib, October 28-30 ( In Arabic, 25 pages ). 9. MOHAMED, G.E. and RAHMATALLA, M.M. (1998). Serologic response of camel (Camelus dromedaries) to haemorrhagic septicaemia (Pasteurella multocida infection) vaccines. Journal of Camel Practice and Research, Vol. 5. No. 2, p 207-212. 10. EL SANOUSI, S.M., HASSAN, Z.M., YAGI, A.I. and ELAZHARI, G. (1978). Investigation of black leg vaccine in the Sudan. Journal of Animal Health and Production in Africa, 219-222. 11. EL SANOUSI, S.M., EL TYAEB, B. AMNA, ELAZHARI, G., SALIH, M.A.M., and HASSAN, A. (1978). Association of Pasteurella multocida and Actinobacillus lignieresii with bronchopneumonia in sheep. Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Vol. 19, No.2: 102-104 . 12. EL SANOUSI, S.M., ELAZHARI, G., ADLAN, A.M. (1978). The inhibition of Clostridium chauvoei by Bacillus cereus metabolites. Australian Veterinary Journal, Vol. 54: 455-456 . )16( 13. EL SANOUSI, S.M., HASSAN, Z.M., and ELAZHARI, G. (1978). Activity of Clostridium chauvoei and Clostridium septicum haemolysins against erythrocytes of different domestic animals. Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, Vol. 28, No.3: 127-130 . 14. EL SANOUSI, S.M. , YAGI, A., ELAZHARI, G. (1978). Evaluation of mouse protection antibody test in immunization against black leg in cattle. Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, Vol. 28, No1: 51-55 . 15. BABIKER, S.H., MOHAMED, G.E., ADLAN, A.M., and ELWALI, A.A. (1987). Report on the production of anthrax live spore vaccine for the first time in the Sudan . Sudan Journal of Veterinary Research. Vol..7 (1986-1987), 1-3 . 16. ELHAJ, O., MUNA, MOHAMED, G.E., EL SANOUSI, S.M. (1990). The effect of glucose, cysteine hydrochloride and agar on the production of haemolysin by Clostridium chauvoei strains CH3 and Kad. Acta Veterinaria, Beograd, Vol.. 40, No.4: 207-216 . 17. ABU-SAMRA, M.T., MOHAMED, G.E. (1990). Disaster management in agricultural and livestock sectors. In the National Seminar of Disaster Prevention and Management in Sudan, pp 1-25. Organized by the University of Khartoum in collaboration with UNSCO regional office in Arab States (UNEDBAS). University of Khartoum, Khartoum, Sudan, 17-19 March. 18. HAROUN, O.B., MOHAMED, E.G., EL SANOUSI, S.M. (1990). Isolation and characaterization of Clostridium perfringens from internal organs of camels ( Camelus dromedaries ). Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry. Vol.. 29 (2): 61-68 . )17( 19. ALI, B.E., HASHIM, A., MAHMOUD, Y.A., ELSIDIG, Y., EL TAYEB, A.A., HASSAN, A.M., MOHAMED G.E., and ABDESALAM, A.S. (1990). Animal health strategies and the availabilities of vaccines and drugs. In the seminar of the role of animal resources in food security and development in the Sudan. Khartoum, 3-4 December, 1990 (in Arabic). 20. ABDEL SALAM, I.S., EL SANOUSI, S.M., and MOHAMED, G.E. (1990). Prevalence of Clostridium perfringens and Clostridium perfringens – like organisms in broilers in the Sudan. Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Vol. 29 . 21. EL HAJ, O., MUNA, MOHAMED, G.E., and SANOUSI, S.M. (1990). Effect of temperature, pH and acidic pH-shock on the stability of haemolysin produced by the Clostridium chauvoei strains CH3 (vaccine strain) and Kad (Sudanese strain). Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Vol. 29(2): 53-60 . 22. HAMID, M.E., MOHAMED G.E., ABU-SAMRA, M.T., EL SANOUSI, S.M., and BARRI, M.E. (1991). Bovine farcy : A clinico- pathological study on the disease and its aetiological agent. Journal of Comparative Pathology, Vol. 105: 288-301 . 23. HAMID, M.E., MOHAMED, G.E., ABU SAMRA, M.T., and HAMAD, A.A. (1991) . First report of infectious necrotic hepatitis (black disease) among Nubian goats in Sudan . Revue Elevage et de Medicine et de Veterinaire des Pays Tropicaus 44(3): 273-275 . 24. ABBAS, B., MOHAMED, G.E., AGGAB, H., SANA, O.Y., and MUSTAFA, K. (1992). Clinical observation on field cases of some camel diseases with emphasis on diarrhea in camel calves (abstact). The 5th Conference of General Union of the Arab Veterinary Doctors, Khartoum 12-16 January, 1992, Sudan. )18( 25. HAROUN, B.O., MOHAMED, G.E., EL SANOUSI, S.M., and YAGOUB, I.A. (1992) . Application of quantitative rocket counter immunoelectrophoresis (CIEP) for detection of antibodies in camel serum against Clostridium perfringens Type B and D. Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry. Vol. 31(1): 30-33 . 26. HAROUN, B.O., MOHAMED, G.E., and EL SANOUSI, S.M. (1992). Application of enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for detection of Clostridium perfringens beta and epsilon toxins produced by strains isolated from camels (Camelus dromedaries). Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Vol. 31(1): 3440 . 27. LAYLA, I.M., MOHAMED, G.E., and EL SANOUSI, S.M. (1992). Effect of freezing at – 20oC on viability and toxins stability of Clostridium perfringens and Staphylococcus aureus. The Sudan Journal of Veterinary Research, Vol. 11: 1-6 . 28. IBTISAM E.M., MOHAMED, G.E., and EL OWNI, O.A.O. (1993). A study on the incidence and etiology of bovine mastitis in Sudan. Egyptian Society for Cattle Disease. 2nd Scientific Congress, Assiut 5-7 December, Egypt . 29. EL AMIN, E.A., MOHAMED, G.E., FADL, M., SEHAM, E., SALEEM, M.S., and EL BASHIR, M.O.A. (1993). An outbreak of Cameline filariasis in the Sudan. British Veterinary Journal, 149: 195-200. 30. LAYLA, I.M., MOHAMED, G.E., and EL SANOUSI, S.M. (1995). Repair of freeze injured clostridium pefringens and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. )19( Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Vol. 34(1,2): 113-118 . 31. IBTISAM, E.M., EL OWNI, O.A.O., and MOHAMED, G.E. (1995). Production losses and economic importance of mastitis among Friesian cattle in the Sudan. Sudan Journal of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Vol.. 34 (1,2): 59-63 . 32. SANA, O.Y., and MOHAMED, G.E. (1996). Incidence, clinical observation and etiology of contagious skin necrosis in camels (Camelus dromedaries) in the Sudan. Journal of Camel Practice and Research , Vol. 3(2): 95-98 . 33. RAMADAN, R.O., GAMEEL, A.A., MOHAMED, G.E., AL-HAMMADI, M.H., and AL-KALIFA, M. (1998). Ectromelia and peromelia in goat in Saudi Arabia. Pakistan Veterinary Journal (acceptance attached) . 34. S. BORNSTIEN, P. THEBA, G. ZAKRISSON, M.T. ABU-SAMAR and G.E. MOHAMED (1997). Demonstration of serum antibody to Sarcoptes scabiei in naturally infected camel. A pilot study. J. of Camel Pracice and Research, Vol. 4 No. 2 : 183-185 . 35. IBTISAM, E. MOHAMED, OSMAN, A.O., ELOWNI and GALAL ELDIN, E. MOHAMED (1988). Factors affecting composition of mastitic milk of Friesian cattle in Sudan . Indian J. of Animal Sciences, 68(4): 379-381 . 36. IBTISAM, E. MOHAMED, G.E. MOHAMED and O.A.O. ELOWNI (1998). Effect of season and infection on composition of mastitc milk of the Friesian cattle in Sudan. Indian J. of Animal Sciences, 68(4): 282-385 . 37. AL-HENDI, A.B.; AL-HIZAB, F.A.; MOHAMED, G.E. and HATEM, M.E. (1998). A note on ringworm in camel (Camelus dromedaries) in )20( Saudi Arabia. Journal of Camel Practice and Research, Vol. 5. No.2, 249-250. 38. AL-DOUGHAYAM, A.M.; MUSTAFA, K.M. and MOHAMED, G.E. (1999). Etiological study on pneumonia in camel (Camelus dromedaries) and in vito antibacterial sensitivity pattern of the isolates. Pakistan J. of Biological Sciences 2(4): 1102-1105 . 39. AL-DUGHAYM, A.M; FADL ELMULA, A., MOHAMMED, G.E., HEGAZY, A.A., RADWAN, Y.A., HOUSAWI, F.M.T., and GAMEEL, A.A. (2001). First report of an outbreak of ovine septicaemic listeriosis in Saudi Arabia. Rev. Sci. tech. Off. Int. Epiz. 20(3). 777-783 40. AL-DOUGHAYM, A.M., RAMADAN, R.O., MOHAMED, G. E., FADLELMULA, A. and ABDIN-BEY, M.R. (2003). Post traumatic buccal infection and osteomyelitis associated with mandibular fractures in the dromedary camel. Journal of camel Practice and Research. Vol. 10 No.1, p 57-60 . 41. AL-HUMAM, N.A., AL-DOUGHAYM, A.M., MOHAMMED, G.E., HOUSAWI, F.M and GAMEEL, A.A. (2004). Study on the isolation and pathogenicity of Pasteurella multocide type A in calves in Saudi Arabia . Bakistan Journal of Biological Sciences. 7 (4): 460-463. 42. SANAA, O. YAGOUB, IBRAHIM, K.S., MOHAMED G.E. and ZAKIA ABBAS (2001) Clinicopathological studies on contagious skin necrosis in camels (Camelus dromedaries) in Sudan . 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