Weathering – breakdown of rocks by phys. or
chem. changes
physical weathering – breakdown without
changing the chemical composition, just
makes smaller pieces
frost action / wedging – water gets into rock,
freezes and expands and break rock apart
(root action)
abrasion – collisions b/t rocks that change shape
and size
chemical weathering – breakdown by changing
composition
soil – mixture of sediment and organic remains
sediments – pieces of rock
erosion- movement of sediment
discharge – amount of water flowing past a
certain point in a stream
glacier – agent of physical weathering, large body
of moving ice, moves under own weight by
gravity
unsorted deposits – a glacial deposit of mixed
sizes
deposition – when sediment stops moving, sed
rocks are deposited in flat horizontal layers
horizontal sorting – separating along the shore or
at the end of a stream; largest near the shore,
smallest in deeper water
vertical sorting – largest on bottom, smallest on
top
glacial erratics – irregular sized particles
deposited by a glacier, dropstone
alpine glacier – mountain glaciers, leave Ushaped valleys
continental glaciers – ice sheets, very large
striations – scratches (usually parallel) caused by
glaciers moving and dragging material over
the top of bedrock
drumlin- giant tear-drop shaped deposit from a
glacier, a large pile of till (unsorted glacier
deposit)
moraines – till deposit at the extent of the glaciers
movement
kettle – lake created from buried ice blocks
landscape – region of the Earth’s surface based
on physical features (structure), elevation,
rock type
topography – shape and composition of the
landscape
relief – difference in elevation
mountain – high elevation, non-sedimentary rock,
usually distorted
plateau – high elevation, sedimentary rock
plains- low elevation, sedimentary rock
arid – dry area, Wiley-Coyote landscapes
escarpment – cliff or drop-off
outwash plain – area ahead of a glacier where
meltwater deposits sediment
Page 161 (1-4), page 166 (1+2), page 173 (1-4)