Pao-Luh Tao
Professor, Department of Pharmacology, National Defense Medical
Center
PROFESSIONAL MEMBERSHIPS
International Narcotics Research Conference (1985-present)
Chinese (Taiwan) Pharmacological Society (1974-present)
Neuroscience Society, R.O.C. (1994-present)
MAJOR INTERESTS IN RESEARCH
Mechanisms of morphine tolerance and dependence
How to prevent tolerance, dependence and chronic toxicities of
morphine
Drug addiction
Publications (Tao, Pao-Luh):
1. Chow, S.-Y. and P.-L. Tao, 1977, Effects of diuretics on thyroid
function of guinea pigs. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 45: 377-379.
2. Wang, Y.-C., P.-L. Tao, L.-D. Lee and P.-C. Chu, 1977, Inverse
relation of plasma insulin concentration and opamine-hydroxylase
activity in Diabetics. Chinese M. J. 24: 213-221.
3. Huang, H.-W., Y.-C. Wang and P.-L. Tao, 1977, The relation of
nephrotic syndrome and 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate. Med. Res.
papers of Tri-Service General Hospital 1: 65-70.
4. Chow, S.-Y. and P.-L. Tao, 1978, Effects of diuretics on the
Na-K-activated ATPase and the transport of iodide and sodium in
guinea-pig thyroid glands. Chinese Med. J. 25: 249-256.
5. Chow, S.-Y. and P.-L. Tao, 1978, Bioavailability studies of
ampicillin, amoxicillin and penicillin V in Chinese young adults.
Chinese M. J. 25: 6-12.
6. Tao, P.-L. and S.-Y. Leu, 1980, Induction of antiserum specifically
binding triiodothyronine and thyroxine by bovine thyroglobulin and
its application in radioimmunoassay. Chinese M. J. 27: 547-556.
7. Tao, P.-L., 1980, Drugs for treatment of asthma. Med. Res. 3(4):
1089-1093.
8. Chu, P.-C., S.-Y. Leu, T.-B. Chen and P.-L. Tao, 1981,
Radioimmunoassay for triiodothyronine. Chin. Med. J. 28: 124-128.
9. Tao, P.-L., C.-K. Lee, W.-T. Chen and H.-K. Lee, 1981, Mechanism
of in vitro uterine contraction induced by sparteine. Med. Res. 4(2):
1199-1205.
10. Liao, J.-F., P.-L. Tao, S.-Y. Chow and C.-F. Chen, 1983, Interactions
between digoxin and furosemide or hydrochlorothiazide on the
distribution of 3H-digoxin, water, and electrolytes in guinea-pigs.
chin. Med. J. 31: 96-105.
11. Tao, P.-L. and P.-Y. Law, 1984, Down regulation of opiate receptor
in rat brain after chronic etorphine treatment, Proc. West. Pharmacol.
Soc. 27: 557-560.
12. Tao, P.-L., C.-K. Lee, Y.-S. Chen, W-T. Chen and H.-K. Lee, 1985,
The action of morphine and meperidine on the isolated human
myometrium. Chin. Med. J. 35, 278-83.
13. Chen, Y. S., P.-L. Tao, H. K. Lee, Y. F. Yang, W.T. Chen and C.K.
Lee, 1985, The effect of ketamine on the isolated human
myometrium. Chin. Med. J. 35, 273-77.
14. Tao, P.-L., L.-R. Chang, H. K. Lee and H. H. Loh, 1986,
Determination of the sizes of the opioid receptors in their membrane
environment by radiation inactivation. Proc. Natl. Sci. Counc. B.
R.O.C. 10(3): 184-190.
15. Tao, P.-L., L.-R. Chang, H. K. Lee , 1986, Heterogeneity of [3H]
ethyl- carboline- -carboxylate
binding
sites
and
[3H]- -aminobutyric acid binding sites. Chinese J. Physiol. 29(1):
13-29.
16. Tao, P.-L., P.Y. Law and H.H. Loh, 1987, Decrease in delta and mu
opioid receptor binding capacity in rat brain after chronic etorphine
treatment. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 240(3): 809-816.
17. Tao, P.-L., L.-R. Chang, P.Y. Law and H.H. Loh, 1988, Decrease in
-opioid receptor density in rat brain after chronic D-Ala2,
D-Leu5-enkephalin treatment. Brain Research, 462, 313-320.
18. Loh H. H., P.-L. Tao and A.P. Smith, 1988, Invited Review: Role of
receptor regulation in opioid tolerance mechanisms. Synapse 2:
457-462.
19. Lin C.-I., P.-L. Tao, Y.-F. Chang and B.N. Chiang, 1989, Pacemaker
activity is modulated by tissue levels of cyclic adenosine 3',
5'-monophosphate in human atrial fibers. Int. J. Cardiol. 25: 39-46.
20. Tao, P.-L., H.Y. Lee, L.-R. Chang and H.H. Loh, 1990, Decrease in
-opioid receptor binding capacity in rat brain after chronic PL017
treatment. Brain Reserch 526, 270-275.
21. Tao, P.-L., C.-L. Tsai, L.-R. Chang and H.H. Loh, 1991, Chronic
effect of [D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin on rat brain opioid receptors.
Eur. J. of Pharmacol. 201: 209-214.
22. Tao, P.-L. and C.-F. Liu, 1992, Chronic morphine treatment causes
down-regulation of spinal A1-adenosine receptors in rats. Eur. J.
Pharmacol. 215: 301-304.
23. Tao, P.-L., V. S. Seybold and H.H. Loh, 1993, Autoradiographic
evidence for decrease in binding of -opioid receptors after
subchronic [D-Ala2, D-Leu5]enkephalin treatment in rats. Eur. J.
Pharmacol. 231: 145-149.
24. Chern, J.-W., P.-L. Tao, M.-H. Yen, G.-Y. Lu, C.-Y. Shiau, Y.-J. Lai,
S.-L. Chien and C.-H. Chan, 1993, Studies on quinazolines. 5.
2,3-dihydroimidazo[1,2-c]quinazoline derivatives: a novel class of
1-adrenoceptor antagonists and
antihypertensive agents. J. Med. Chem. 36: 2196-2207.
25. Lin, C.-I., S.-L. Wu, P.-L. Tao, H.-M. Chen and J. Wei, 1993, The
role of cyclic AMP and phosphodiesterase activity in the mechanism
of action of tetramethylpyrazine on human and dog cardiac and dog
coronary arterial tissues. J. Pharm. Pharmacol. 45: 963-966.
26. Tao, P.-L., L.-R. Chang, Y.-P. Chou, P.-Y. Law and H.H. Loh, 1993,
chronic opioid treatment may uncouple opioid receptors and G
proteins: evidence from radiation inactivation analysis. Eur. J.
Pharmacol. 246: 233-238.
27. Tao, P.-L., C.-R. Lee, P.-Y. Law and H. H. Loh, 1993, The
interaction of mu-opioid receptor and G protein is altered after
chronic morphine treatment in rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch.
Pharmacol. 348: 504-508.
28. Tao, P.-L., M.-H. Yen, W.-S. Shyu and J.-W. Chern, 1993,
Doridosine derivatives: binding at adenosine receptors and in vivo
effects. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 243: 135-139.
29. Tao, P.-L., and C.-L. Hwang, 1994, Low dose of U-50,488H blocks
the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in guinea
pigs. Regul. Pept. Suppl. 1 : s203-s204.
30. Tao, P.-L., C.-L. Hwang and C.-Y. Chen, 1994, U-50,488 blocks
the development of morphine tolerance and dependence at a very
low dose in guinea pigs. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 256: 281-286.
31.
Tao, P.-L., C.-F. Liu and H.-C. Tsai, 1995, Chronic
intracerebroventricular administration of morphine down-regulates
spinal adenosine A1 receptors. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 278: 233-237.
32. Hung, H.C., P.-L. Tao and E.H.Y. Lee, 1995, 1-methyl-4
phenyl-pyridinium (MPP+) uptake does not explain the differential
toxicity of MPP+
in the nigrostriatal and mesolimbic
dopaminergic pathways. Neurosci. Lett. 196: 93-96.
33. Tao, P.-L., W.-M. Lue, C.-H. Chen and M.-J. Lin, 1995, Nalbuphine
block the development of morphine tolerance but not dependence in
rats. Analgesia 1: 781-784.
34. Yeh, G.-C., C.-H. Chen and P.-L. Tao , 1995, Pre- and post-natal
exposure to morphine induces an alteration in the developmental
expression of the N-Methyl-D-Aspartate receptor in neonatal rat
brain. Analgesia 1: 850-853.
35. Tao, P.-L., W.-M. Lue, C.-R. Lee and L.-R. Chang, 1995, Alteration
of the interaction of mu-opioid receptor and G protein after chronic
PL017 treatment in rats. Chin. J. Physiol. 38: 193-199.
36. Tseng, C.-J., S.-Y. Chen, P.-L. Tao , J.-W. Chern and M.-H. Yen,
1995, Antihypertensive effects of AT-112, a newly synthesized
quinazoline derivative, in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Proc. Nat.
Sci. Coun., ROC. Part B: Life Sci. 19: 159-165.
37. Cheng, C.-Y., L.-W. Hsin, Y.-P. Lin, P.-L. Tao and T.-T. Jong, 1996,
N-cubylmethyl substituted morphinoids as novel narcotic
antagonists. Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry 4: 73-80.
38.
Cheng, C.-Y., L.-W. Hsin and P.-L. Tao, 1996,
1,4-Bis[(17-normorphinyl)methyl]cubane, a morphine dimer linked
by cubane. Chin. Pharm. J. 48: 139-147.
39. Tao, P.-L., C.-S. Wong and M.-C. Lin, 1996, Chronic intrathecal
morphine treatment does not cause down-regulation of spinal
adenosine A1 receptors in rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch.
Pharmacol. 354: 187-191.
40. Wang, Y.-C., M.-C. Kao, P.-L. Tao, W.-L. Ho, C.-H. Yang and Y.-M.
Fu, 1996, Evaluation of laser and radiofrequency induced dorsal root
entry zone lesion for pain control in rats. Chin Med. J. 58: 421-427.
41. Tao, P.-L., W.-C. Liu, Y.-S. Tsuei and C.-Y. Cheng, 1997, The role of
vasopressin on the effect of U-50,488 to block the development of
morphine
tolerance
and
physical
dependence.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 355: 281-287.
42. Cheng, C.-Y., C.Y. Chen and P.-L. Tao, 1997, Synthesis and
structure-opioid
activity
relationships
of
trans-(±)-3,4-dichloro-N-methyl-N-[4or
5-hydroxy-2-(1-pyrrolidiny)cyclohexyl] benzeneacetamides. J.
Pharm. Pharmacol. 49: 835-842.
43. Lee, S.-C., J.-J. Wang, S.-T Ho and P.-L. Tao, 1997, Nalbuphine
coadministered with morphine prevents tolerance and dependence.
Anesth. Analg. 84: 810-815.
44. Su, M.-T., W.-B. Lin, W.-M. Lue, C.-Y. Cheng and P.-L. Tao*, 1998,
Blockade of the development of morphine tolerance by U-50,488, an
AVP antagonist or MK-801 in the rat hippocampal slice. Br. J.
Pharmacol. 123: 625-630.
45. Tao, P.-L.*, K.-F. Han, S.-D. Wang, W.-M. Lue, R. Elde, P.-Y. Law
and H. H. Loh, 1998, Immunohistochemical evidence of
down-opioid receptor after chronic PL-017 in rats.
Eur. J. Pharmacol. 344: 137-142.
46. Chern, J.-W., P.-L. Tao, K.-C. Wang, A. Gutcait, S.-W. Liu, M.-H.
Yen, S.-L. Chien and J.-K. Rong, 1998, Studies on quinazolines and
1,2,4-benzothiadiazine
1,1-dioxides.
8.
Synthesis
and
pharmacological evaluation of tricyclic fused quinazolines and
1,2,4-benzothiadiazine 1,11-adrenoceptor
antagonists. J. Med. Chem. 41: 3128-3141.
47. Tsai, Y.-C., J.-P. Liou, R. Liao, C.-Y. Cheng, and P.-L. Tao, 1998,
C-alkylated spiro[benzofuran-3(2H), 4'-1'-methyl-piperidine-7-ols]
as potent opioids: a conformation-activity study. Bioorg. Med. Chem.
Lett. 8: 1813-1818.
48. Yeh, G.-C., H.L. Chen, T.-L. Wang and P.-L. Tao*, 1998, Alteration
in transcripting the gene encoding the delta-opioid receptor in rat
brain is not underlying the development of tolerance to [D-Ala2,
D-Leu5] enkephalin. Chin. J. Physiol. 41: 217-221.
49. Lue, W.M., Su, M.T., Lin, W.B. and Tao, P.-L.*, 1999, The role of
nitric oxide in the development of morphine tolerance in rat
hippocampal slices. Eur. J. Pharmacol. 383:129-135.
50. Wong, C.-S., Wu, C.-T., Yu, J.-C., Lee, M.M.-S. and Tao, P.-L., 1999,
Preincisional dextromethorphan decreases postoperative pain and
opioid requirement after modified radical mastectomy. Can. J.
Anesth. 46:1122-1126.
51. Tao, P.-L.*, Neu, H.S., Lue, W.M. and Wang, S.D., 2000,
Immunohistochemical study of opioid receptor after chronic
morphine treatment in rats. Proc. Natl. Sci. Coun. 24: 14-19.
52. Wu, C.T., Yeh, C.C., Yu, J.C., Lii, M.M.S., Tao, P.L., Ho, S.T. and
Wong, C.S., 2000, Pre-incisional epidural ketamine, morphine and
bupivacaine combined with epidural and general anaesthesia
provides pre-emptive analgesia for upper abdominal surgery. Acta.
Anaesthesiol. Scand. 44: 63-68.
53. Yang, S.N., Yang, J.M., Wu, J.N., Kao, Y.H., Hsieh, W.Y., Chao, C.C.
and Tao, P.L.*, 2000, Prenatal exposure to morphine alters kinetic
properties of NMDA receptor-mediated synaptic currents in the
hippocampus of rat offspring. Hippocampus 10: 654-662.
54. Tao, P.L.*, Wu, S.C., Yang, C.H. and Wu C.C., 2000, Study the
mechanisms of U-50,488 to prevent the development of morpnine
tolerance in guinea pigs. Chin. J. Physiol. 43: 179-184.
55. Wong, C.S., Hsu, M.M., Chou Y.Y., Tao, P.L. and Tung, C.S., 2000,
Morphine tolerance increases [3H]MK-801 binding affinity and
constitutive neuronal nitric oxide synthase expression in rat spinal
cord. Br. J. Anaesth. 85: 587-591.
56.Kao, Y.H., Wu, J.N., Hsieh, W.Y., Tao, P.L., Yang, J.M. and Yang,
S.N., 2001, Chronic morphine exposure enhanced NMDA
receptor-mediated cytotoxicity in primary cortical cells. J. Med. Sci.
21: 159-168.
57. Wang, J.Y., Yang, J.M., Wang, J.Y., Tao, P.L. and Yang, S.N., 2001,
Synergistic
apoptosis
induced
by
bacterial
endotoxin
lipopolysaccharide and high glucose in rat microglia. Neurosci. Lett.
304: 177-180.
58. Tao, P.L.*, Yeh, G.C., Su, C.H. and Wu, Y.H., 2001,
Co-administration of dextromethorphan during pregnancy and
throughout lactation significantly decreases the adverse effects
associated with chronic morphine administration in rat offspring.
Life Sci. 69:2439-2450.
59. Chan, S.L., Chou, C.C., Wong, C.S., Wu, C.C. and Tao, P.L.*, 2002,
Study the effect and mechanism of dextromethorphan on preventing
the development of morphine tolerance and dependence in rats. J.
Med. Sci. 22:171-176.
60. Yeh, G.C., Tao, P.L., Chen, J.Y.-R., Lai, M.C., Gao, F.S., Hu, C.L.,
2002, Dextromethorphan attenuates morphine withdrawal syndrome
in neonatal rats passively exposed to morphine. Eur. J. Pharmacol.
453:197-202.
61. Yang, S.N., Huang, L.T., Yang, C.H., Wang, C.L., Lai, M.C., Chen,
S.J., Tao, P.L.*, 2002, Prenatal administration of morphine
decreases CREBSerine-133 phosphorylation and synaptic plasticity
range-mediated by glutamatergic transmission in the hippocampal
CA1area of cognitive deficient rat offspring. Hippocampus (in
press).
62. Chiou, L.C., Yeh, G.C., Fan, S.H., How, C.H., Chuang, K.C., Tao,
P.L.*, 2003, Prenatal morphine exposure decreases analgesia but not
K+ channel activation. NeuroReport 14 (2): 239-242.
63., Chen, J.C., Tao, P.L., Li, J.Y., Wong, C.H., Huang, E.Y.-K., 2003,
Endomorphin-1 and –2 induce naloxone-precipitated withdrawal
syndromes in rats. Peptides 24:477-481.
64. Huang, E.Y.-K., Liu, T.C., Tao, P.L.*, 2003, Coadministration of
dextromethorphan with morphine attenuates morphine rewarding
effect and related dopamine releases at nucleus accumbens.
Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch. Pharmacol. 368:386-392.
65. Yeh, G..C., Tao, P.L., Ho, H.O., Lee, Y.J., Chen, J.Y., Sheu, M.T.,
2003, Analysis of pharmacokinetic parameters for assessment of
dextromethorphan metabolic phenotypes. J. Biomed. Sci. 10:
552-564.
66. Wen, Z.H., Chang, Y.C., Cherng, C.H., Wang, J.J., Tao, P.L., Wong,
C.S., 2004, Increasing of intrathecal CSF excitatory amino acids
concentration following morphine challenge in morphine-tolerant
rats. Brain Res. 995:253-259.
67. Hung, E.Y.-K., Chen, C.M., Tao, P.L.*, 2004, Supraspinal
anti-allodynic and rewarding effects of endomorphins in rats.
Peptides 25:577-583.
68. Chow, L.H., Hung, E.Y.-K., Ho, S.T., Lee, T.Y., Tao, P.L.*, 2004,
Dextromethorphan potentiates morphine antinociception at the spinal
level in rats. Can. J. Anesth. 51:905-910. (SCI)
69. Chow, L.H., Hung, E.Y.-K., Ho, S.T., Tsai, S.K., Tao, P.L.*, 2004,
Dextromethorphan potentiates morphine-induced antinociception at
both spinal and supraspinal sites but not related to descending
serotoninergic or adrenergic pathways. J. Biomed. Sci. 11:717-725.
(SCI)
70. Chen, S.L., Hung, E.Y.-K., Chow, L.H., Tao, P.L.*, 2005,
Dextromethorphan differentially affects opioid antinociception in rats.
Br. J. Pharmacol. 144:400-404. (SCI)
71. Tao, P.L., Lai, Y.S., Chow, L.H., Hung, E.Y.-K.*, 2005, Effects of
morphine and endomorphins on the polysynaptic reflex in the
isolated spinal cord preparation of rats. Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's Arch.
Pharmacol. 371:72-80. (SCI)
72. Wu, C.C., Chen, J.Y.-R., Tao, P.L., Chen, Y.A., Yeh, G.C.*, 2005,
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors attenuate morphine withdrawal
syndrome in neonatal rats passively exposed to morphine. Eur. J.
Pharmacol. 512:37-42. (SCI)