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Chem 3.5 7 Aldehydes Ketones
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CHEMISTRY 3.5 . . Name: . . . . . WORKSHEET SEVEN. ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Aldehydes and ketones. . 1.. (a). What is the name of the functional group belonging to ketones?
. . . . (b). Describe the key structural difference between aldehydes and ketones.. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . (c). Give the names of the following compounds.. . (i). CH3CH2COCH2CH3 . . . . . . . (ii).
CH3CH2CH2CHO. . . . . . . (iii). CH3COCH3. . . . . . . (d). Give the condensed structural
formulae of the following compounds.. . (i). Pentan-2-one. . . . . . . (ii). Propanal. . . . . . . (iii).
Butanone. . . . . . 2.. Explain how aldehydes and ketones can be produced from alcohols.. . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.. Aldehydes and ketones have lower boiling
points than their corresponding alcohols. Explain why . this is the case.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.. Aldehydes and ketones with less than 5 carbons are soluble in water. Explain
why this is the . case using a diagram to illustrate the bonding that can occur between them and
water.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.. Clearly describe how you would
distinguish between propanal and propanone in the lab using . acidified potassium dichromate.. .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.. Tollens reagent is a mixture that is commonly used as a mild
oxidising agent.. . (a) . Describe the active silver compound that it contains.. . . . . . . . . . (b).
When some aldehyde is added to Tollens reagent and the mixture warmed, a redox . . reaction
occurs. . . . (i). Describe what is usually observed in a successful reaction.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
(ii). Name the two important products of the reaction.. . . . . . . . . . (c). Explain why Tollens
reagent can be used to distinguish an aldehyde from either an . . alcohol or a ketone?. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 7.. Benedict solution is another reagent that can be used to test for aldehydes.. . (a).
What colour is Benedict solution?. . . . . . (b). What colour does the solution go when it is boiled
with an aldehyde?. . . (c). What is the formula of this coloured product? . . . . . 8.. You are given
three liquids which are not labelled. However you know that one of them is an . alcohol, one of
them is an aldehyde and one of them is a ketone. Describe how you would . identify them, using
chemical tests.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
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