Frontline
Management:
discussion paper
Prepared for Innovation and Business Skills
Australia (IBSA) by Precision Consultancy
March 2009
Contents
Overview ........................................................................................................................................................ 3
The Certificate III in Frontline Management ............................................................................................... 5
Key Management Skill Set ........................................................................................................................... 6
Certificate IV in Frontline Management ...................................................................................................... 6
Appendix A - Certificate III in Frontline Management ............................................................................ 11
Appendix B – Certificate IV in Frontline Management ............................................................................ 15
Appendix C – Key Management Skill Set ................................................................................................. 21
Appendix D – The Australian Qualifications Framework ......................................................................... 22
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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Overview
This Discussion Paper is part of the consultation process for a project that will report on the outcomes of
the research, interviews and the perspectives of key stakeholders regarding the demand and take up
of the Frontline Management qualifications.
The Frontline Management Initiative was developed following the Karpin Report’s (1995) call to boost
the skills of Australian managers.
Recommendation 11 in the Karpin Report was that "there be established a national training program for
frontline managers" (page xli). The Karpin Report envisaged that participants would not have had any
formal management training and that they would be "working in enterprises which are able to
demonstrate the application of quality principles in their operations and their human resource
development processes." The Task Force estimated that about 180,000 frontline managers in Australia
were without formal management training; and estimated that approximately 80,000 to 100,000 of
these would qualify "by working in quality committed enterprises". 1
Since its inception the Frontline Management Initiative has proved enormously popular. Often the
programs are delivered in-house: although this is not a requirement of the units of competence,
management development lends itself to action and group learning in context. In its earliest form the
FMI offered a Certificate IV and Diploma. Since then the units have undergone a number of revisions to
conform to the changes in the vocational education and training system. Furthermore they have been
revised in response to feedback from key stakeholders.
In the course of the development of BSB07 (the ‘home training package’ of the Frontline Management
and Strategic Management qualifications) some decisions were made to rationalise and consolidate
management qualifications. The table below shows the changes.
Management Qualifications before BSB07
BSB07 Management Qualifications
Certificate III in Frontline Management
Certificate III in Frontline Management
Key Management Skill Set
Certificate IV in Business Management
Certificate IV in Business (Frontline
Management)
Diploma of Business Management
Diploma of Business (Frontline Management)
Advanced Diploma of Business Management
Certificate IV in Frontline Management
Diploma of Management
Advanced Diploma of Management
In the course of the consultations for BSB07 it was suggested that the Certificate III in Frontline
Management be deleted – the reasons for this are listed below – and replaced with a Skill Set for
people who were new to supervision or management and for people who may be keen to move into
these roles. The skill set was developed and approved by the National Project Reference Group.
However, at the later stage of the review there was a call to reinstate the Certificate III in Frontline
Management and it was included in BSB07 without being revised.
1
C. Selby Smith, I. Roos and L. Wright "Provider Practice and the Frontline Management Initiative"
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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The purpose of this paper is to:

Consider how BSB07 can best meet the needs of those preparing for management roles

Determine whether the Certificate III in Frontline Management meets the needs of industry and
its intended audience, and ascertain levels of support for the Certificate III in Frontline
Management

Review the relationship between the Certificate III in Frontline Management, the Key
Management Skill Set and the Certificate IV in Frontline Management

Ascertain whether Skill Set/s might provide a more effective alternative for the required skills.
Please note that there is another discussion paper on management skills and management
development more broadly – it invites feedback on how we should be preparing for the challenges of
management between now and 2020. . The paper is titled: The future of management development in
Australia
Appendices A and B provide the packaging rules for the Certificate III in Frontline Management and
the Certificate IV in Frontline Management respectively . Appendix C provides the Key Management
Skill Set and Appendix D provides information from the Australian Qualifications Framework.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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The Certificate III in Frontline Management
Some of the specific issues raised in relation to the Certificate III in Frontline Management in the Review
of BSB01 (which led to the development of BSB07) were:

That while some providers had it on their scope of registration publicly available data showed
minimal enrolments in the qualification; however it should be noted that management
development is generally under-represented in National Centre for Vocational Education and
Research data as most management development programs are not publicly funded and are
commissioned or funded directly by the enterprise in order to grow managerial skills in
employees.

That there are questions about the suitability of a management qualification at Certificate III
level and questions about the qualification’s consistency with the spirit of the AQF (see Appendix
D excerpt from the AQF Implementation Handbook 2007)

That the qualification was out of step with other qualifications in BSB and other training
packages because it only required 6 units for completion (most other Certificates III require 12 or
13 units).

That the units within the qualification did not reflect the skills or competencies required for a
management or supervisory role i.e. that the qualification is incorrectly titled.
In the revisions that were made to various units to create BSB07 the unit BSBCMN419A Manage projects
was updated and raised one level to become BSBPMG510A Manage projects. This unit is listed as an
elective in the Certificate III in Frontline Management. Whilst there are a number of qualifications in
BSB07 which include units from a level higher or lower, the practice of including a unit which is two
levels higher than the qualification has not previously occurred.
Available data shows that the qualification is being used by some enterprises as a pathway
qualification. Some enterprises provide training and skills to ensure that workers have the ability to
provide leadership and work in an innovative environment. These workers would typically
lead/manage small work groups in a routine environment and step into the role of supervisor if required.
The Certificate III provides recognition of these skills and provides a management pathway.
Qualification Structure
The qualification requires 6 units (see Appendix A) comprising four core units plus 2 electives. Four core
units must be drawn from the list below:
BSBCMN311B
Maintain workplace safety*
BSBFLM303C
Contribute to effective workplace relationships
BSBFLM305C
Support operational plan
BSBFLM312B
Contribute to team effectiveness
BSBWOR301A Organise personal work priorities and development.
* denotes mandatory unit.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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Note: Most other Certificates III in BSB07 require 12 or 13 units of competency. In general the
number of units required for a qualification in BSB07 decreases as the qualification level
increases – the trend is for lower level qualifications to prefer breadth i.e. more units, whilst
higher level qualifications aim for depth and complexity.BSBCMN311B Maintain workplace
safety, BSBFLM303C Contribute to effective workplace relationships, BSBFLM312B Contribute
to team effectiveness and BSBFLM305C Support operational plan
These units were all rationalised and merged to create new units for BSB07. Because the Certificate III in
Frontline Management was marked for deletion and then reinstated at the last minute, there was no
time to consult on it. The qualification essentially comprises units from the old training package. These
units duplicate new units in BSB07.
BSBWOR301A
Organise personal work priorities and development
This unit appears in many other qualifications in BSB07 e.g. Certificate III in Business Administration,
Certificate III in Recordkeeping, Certificate III in Occupational Health and Safety, Certificate III in
International Trade.
Key Management Skill Set
The Key Management Skill Set was developed when the Certificate III in Frontline Management was
marked for deletion from BSB07. The skill set was intended to replace the Certificate III in Frontline
Management and to address the needs of people who were transitioning in to management or
supervisory roles. The units required for this skill set are:
BSBMGT401A
Show leadership in the workplace
BSBMGT402A
Implement operational plan
BSBWOR402A
Promote team effectiveness
These units can all be credited to towards the Certificate IV in Frontline Management. They are drawn
from the core units of the Certificate IV.
Certificate IV in Frontline Management
The current Certificate IV in Frontline Management is the result of a merger between the former
Certificate IV in Frontline Management and the Certificate IV in Business Management. These two
qualifications were merged because of duplication. Although there has been a long standing tradition
that Frontline Management was delivered in the workplace and that ‘strategic’ management
qualifications were delivered in institutional settings, there was nothing in the units that specified the
setting for delivery. The AQTF 2007 specifies that all competencies should be assessed to the standards
expected in the workplace.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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The broad concept of industry competency concerns the ability to perform particular tasks
and duties to the standard of performance expected in the workplace. Competency
requires the application of specified skills and knowledge relevant to effective participation
in an industry sector or enterprise.
Qualification Structure
The Certificate IV in Frontline Management requires competency in 10 units: 4 core plus 6 electives. The
core units are:

BSBMGT401A
Show leadership in the workplace

BSBMGT402A
Implement operational plan

BSBOHS407A
Monitor a safe workplace

BSBWOR402A
Promote team effectiveness.
Your opinions are most welcome.
Overleaf are some questions about the Frontline Management qualifications and the Key
Management Skill Set. You are invited to comment on the qualifications, and may wish to write a
submission from your organisation. Alternatively you may wish to answer the questions that are
provided overleaf.
Please send your responses (preferably by email) to:
Michelle Wong
Precision Consultancy
Suite 2, Level 5, 167-169 Queen St.,
Melbourne VIC 3000
e: michelle@precisionconsultancy.com.au
t: 03 9606 0118
f: 03 9606 0119
Responses must be received by close of business, Friday 17th April 2009.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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Questions
Name:
Title:
Organisation:
Address:
Email:
Telephone:
1. Are you from a Registered Training Organisation, or an enterprise RTO?
Yes
No
If no, please go to question 2
Do you deliver or award the Certificate III in Frontline Management?
Yes
No
If yes, how many people were awarded the Certificate III in Frontline Management the 2008 calendar
year?
Please go to question 3
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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2. Are you from an enterprise/company, without an RTO?
Yes
No
Were any of your staff awarded the Certificate III in Frontline Management in the 2008 calendar year?
Yes
No
If yes, how many staff
Do you intend to use the Certificate III in Frontline Management in the future?
Yes
No
If yes, approximately how many staff?
3. Do you believe there are any changes that should be made to the Certificate III in Frontline
Management (e.g. new title or descriptor, revisions to units, different packaging rules, delete
qualification etc.)
Yes
No
Please explain your answer.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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4 Do you deliver or award the Key Management Skill Set?
Yes
No
Are there any comments you would like to make about the Key Management Skill Set?
5. Are there any comments you would like to make about the relationship between the Certificate III
and other supervision, management or leadership qualifications (in BSB07 or elsewhere)?
6. Are there any comments you would like to make?
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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Appendix A - Certificate III in Frontline
Management
BSB31207 Certificate III in Frontline Management
Descriptor
This qualification reflects the role of individuals who provide supervision in a wide range of
organisational and industry contexts. They are likely to have existing technical skills in a broad range of
vocations or professions, but require some training in the basics of supervision. Typically they would
report to a supervisor or team leader.
At this level frontline managers provide basic leadership and guidance to small groups of others and
have limited responsibility for the effective functioning and performance of a unit and its work
outcomes.
Job Roles
Job roles and titles vary across different industry sectors. Possible job titles relevant to this qualification
include:

Unit leader

Leading Hand
Qualification Pathways
Prerequisite requirements
There are no prerequisite requirements for individual units of competency.
Pathways into the qualification
Preferred pathways for candidates considering this qualification include:

after achieving the BSB20107 Certificate II in Business or other relevant qualifications
OR

providing evidence of competency in the majority of units required for BSB20107 Certificate II in
Business or other relevant qualifications
OR

with some vocational experience of working within a team or unit but no formal supervisory
qualification.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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Examples of indicative job roles for candidates seeking entry based upon their vocational experience
include:

Clerical Worker

Data Entry Operator

Lance Corporal/Corporal or equivalent in other Defence Forces

Tradesperson
This breadth of expertise would equate to the competencies required to undertake this qualification.
Pathways from the qualification
After achieving the BSB31207 Certificate III in Frontline Management, candidates may undertake the
BSB40807 Certificate IV in Frontline Management, or a range of other Certificate IV qualifications.
Licensing, Legislative, Regulatory or Certification Considerations
There is no direct link between this qualification and licensing, legislative and/or regulatory
requirements. However, where required, a Unit of Competency will specify relevant licensing, legislative
and/or regulatory requirements that impact on the unit.
Qualification Rules
Total number of units = 6
4 core units plus
2 elective units
At least 2 of the core units must be selected from the Management Units in the range of Core
Units listed below and BSBCMN311B Maintain workplace safety.
At least 1 of the elective units must be selected from the Management units listed below.
Elective units must be relevant to the work outcome, local industry requirements and the
qualification level.
Core Units
Select 4 units from the following list including BSBCMN311B Maintain workplace safety.
Common
BSBCMN311B
Maintain workplace safety
Frontline Management
BSBFLM303C
Contribute to effective workplace relationships
BSBFLM305C
Support operational plan
BSBFLM312B
Contribute to team effectiveness
Workplace Effectiveness
BSBWOR301A
Organise personal work priorities and development
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Elective Units
Customer Service
BSBCUS301A
Deliver and monitor a service to customers
Innovation
BSBINN301A
Promote innovation in a team environment
IT Use
BSBITU203A
Communicate electronically
Frontline Management
BSBFLM306C
Provide workplace information and resourcing plans
BSBFLM309C
Support continuous improvement systems and processes
BSBFLM311C
Support a workplace learning environment
Management
BSBMGT404A
Lead and facilitate off-site staff
Project Management
BSBPMG510A
Manage projects
Risk Management
BSBRSK401A
Identify risk and apply risk management processes
Note: The rules applying to this qualification are different from the general pattern of qualifications at
the same level within the Business Services Training Package. The number of units is much lower than for
other qualifications.
Employability Skills Summary
BSB31207 Certificate III in Frontline Management
The following table contains a summary of the Employability Skills required by industry for this
qualification. The Employability Skills facets described here are broad industry requirements that may
vary depending on qualification packaging options.
Employability Skill
Industry requirements for this qualification include:
Communication

communicating verbally with team members and managers to
ensure open communication channels and to clarify issues

writing a range of simple documentation and communications

supporting other team members

conveying workplace procedures and work instructions to team
members

resolving issues and conflicts with team members

developing strategies and processes to improve team work
practices and team effectiveness within the constraints of
documented procedures

identifying and suggesting improvements to support the
development of improved work practices and team effectiveness
Teamwork
Problem solving
Initiative and
enterprise
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Employability Skill
Industry requirements for this qualification include:
Planning and
organising

contributing to planning processes with team members to meet
expected outcomes

monitoring and adjusting team performance by preparing short-term
plans, acquiring resources and reporting on performance

gathering, organising and applying workplace information for the
organisation’s work processes and information systems

actively seeking feedback on own performance from clients and
colleagues

prioritising tasks

developing a comprehensive knowledge and understanding of
products and services

identifying priorities and pursuing personal work goals in accordance
with organisational objectives

using information communication technology to communicate with
team members or clients
Self-management
Learning
Technology
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Appendix B – Certificate IV in Frontline
Management
BSB40807 Certificate IV in Frontline Management
Descriptor
This qualification reflects the role of individuals who take the first line of management in a wide range of
organisational and industry contexts. They may have existing qualifications and technical skills in any
given vocation or profession, yet require skills or recognition in supervisory functions. Typically they
would report to a manager.
At this level frontline managers provide leadership and guidance to others and take responsibility for
the effective functioning and performance of the team and its work outcomes.
Job Roles
Job roles and titles vary across different industry sectors. Possible job titles relevant to this qualification
include:

Coordinator

Leading Hand

Supervisor

Team Leader
Qualification Pathways
Prerequisite requirements
There are no prerequisite requirements for individual units of competency.
Pathways into the qualification
Preferred pathways for candidates considering this qualification include:

after achieving the BSB31207 Certificate III Frontline Management or other relevant
qualification/s
OR

providing evidence of competency in the majority of units required for the BSB31207 Certificate
III in Frontline Management or other relevant qualification/s
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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OR

with some vocational experience in a supervisory role but no formal qualification.
Examples of indicative job roles for candidates seeking entry based upon their vocational experience
include:

Accounts Clerk

Customer Service Advisor

Import/Export Clerk

Office Administrator

Student Services Officer.
This breadth of expertise would equate to the competencies required to undertake this qualification.
Pathways from the qualification
After achieving the BSB40807 Certificate IV in Frontline Management, candidates may undertake the
BSB51107 Diploma of Management, or a range of other Diploma qualifications.
Licensing, Legislative, Regulatory or Certification Considerations
There is no direct link between this qualification and licensing, legislative and/or regulatory
requirements. However, where required, a unit of competency will specify relevant licensing, legislative
and/or regulatory requirements that impact on the unit.
Qualification Rules
Total number of units = 10
4 core units plus
6 elective units
At least 3 of the elective units must be selected from the elective units listed below.
The other 3 elective units may be selected from the remaining elective units listed below, the
BSB07 Business Services Training Package or any other currently endorsed national Training
Package. If not listed below, 1 unit may be selected from either a Certificate III or Diploma
qualification.
Elective units must be relevant to the work outcome, local industry requirements and the
qualification level.
Units selected from other Training Packages must not duplicate units selected from or available
within the BSB07 Business Services Training Package.
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Core Units
Management
BSBMGT401A
Show leadership in the workplace
BSBMGT402A
Implement operational plan
Occupational Health and Safety
BSBOHS407A
Monitor a safe workplace
Workplace Effectiveness
BSBWOR402A
Promote team effectiveness
Elective Units
Customer Service
BSBCUS401A
Coordinate implementation of customer service strategies
BSBCUS402A
Address customer needs
BSBCUS403A
Implement customer service standards
Financial Administration
BSBFIA402A
Report on financial activity
General Administration
BSBADM409A
Coordinate business resources
Information Management
BSBINM401A
Implement workplace information system
Innovation
BSBINN301A
Promote innovation in a team environment
Interpersonal Communication
BSBCMM401A
Make a presentation
IT Support
BSBITS401A
Maintain business technology
Management
BSBMGT403A
Implement continuous improvement
BSBMGT404A
Lead and facilitate off-site staff
Marketing
BSBMKG413A
Promote products and services
Project Management
BSBPMG510A
Manage projects
Relationship Management
BSBREL401A
Establish networks
Research
BSBRES401A
Analyse and present research information
Risk Management
BSBRSK401A
Identify risk and apply risk management processes
Workplace Effectiveness
BSBWOR401A
Establish effective workplace relationships
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BSBWOR404A
Develop work priorities
Writing
BSBWRT401A
Write complex documents
Selecting Elective Units for Different Outcomes
The context for this qualification varies and this must guide the selection of elective units. Examples of
appropriate elective units for particular outcomes follow.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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Supervisor, Sales Team
4 core units plus
6 elective units

BSBCMM401A Make a presentation

BSBINN301A Promote innovation in a team environment

BSBINM401A Implement workplace information system

BSBLED401A Develop teams and individuals

BSBMKG413A Promote products and services

BSBREL401A Establish networks
Team Leader, Business Unit
4 core units plus
6 elective units

BSBFIA402A Report on financial activity

BSBITS401A Maintain business technology

BSBREL402A Build client relationships and business networks

BSBRKG403B Set up a business or records system for a small office

BSBRSK401A Identify risk and apply risk management processes

BSBWRT401A Write complex documents
Employability Skills Summary
BSB40807 Certificate IV in Frontline Management
The following table contains a summary of the Employability Skills required by industry for this
qualification. The Employability Skills facets described here are broad industry requirements that may
vary depending on qualification packaging options.
Employability Skill
Industry requirements for this qualification include:
Communication

communicating with team members and management to ensure
open communication channels and to clarify issues

resolving conflict and disputes in the work team

being a role model for other team members

consulting and developing objectives with the work team

developing risk management approaches

developing techniques to address faults and inefficiencies
Teamwork
Problem solving
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Initiative and
enterprise

identifying and developing opportunities for improved work
practices
Planning and
organising

monitoring and adjusting operational performance by producing
short-term plans, planning and acquiring resources and reporting on
performance

preparing work plans and budgets

actively seeking feedback on own performance from clients and
colleagues

prioritising tasks
Learning

coaching and mentoring colleagues and team members to support
the introduction of change
Technology

using business technology such as computer programs and
telecommunications to collect and manage information
Self-management
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Appendix C – Key Management Skill Set
Key Management Skill Set
Target Group
This skill set is for people newly promoted to the position of supervisor,
leading hand or team leader.
Units
BSBMGT401A
Show leadership in the workplace
BSBMGT402A
Implement operational plan
BSBWOR402A
Promote team effectiveness
Pathway
These units provide credit towards a number of qualifications including the
BSB40807 Certificate IV in Frontline Management.
Suggested form of words for
Statement of Attainment
These competencies from the BSB07 Business Services Training Package
meet the industry requirements for a supervisor.
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Appendix D – The Australian Qualifications
Framework
Excerpt form the AQF Implementation Handbook 2007
Certificate III
Guideline
1. Purpose
To assist employers; employees; professional associations; unions; Training Package, course and
curriculum developers; accrediting bodies; and the wider public, including students, parents, and
education and training bodies, to understand factors determining the level of the qualification. Also, to
assist developers of Training Packages and courses of training to assign appropriate AQF qualifications
within a Training Package, or to a course to be submitted for accreditation.
2. Context
These Guidelines replace the RATE Descriptions, which have previously been used to provide guidance
on qualification levels. The Guideline for the Certificate III qualification, which is authorised by the
vocational education and training sector, takes into account developments under the National Skills
Framework – the introduction of Training Packages and the implementation of the Australian Quality
Training Framework 2007 (AQTF 2007). Training Packages use competency standards to describe the
skills and knowledge needed to perform effectively in the workplace. These competency standards are
packaged into units of competency. Units of competency are components of AQF qualifications. It is a
requirement of the AQTF 2007 that competency standards from relevant Training Packages be used
where they exist.
Qualifications developed outside Training Packages must not duplicate qualifications contained in
Training Packages. Registered Training Organisations and/or State/Territory Course Accrediting Bodies
will need to be satisfied that any qualification proposed outside a Training Package cannot be
achieved by the customisation and flexibility offered within a Training Package or by the issuance of a
Training Package qualification together with one or more Statements of Attainment.
The National Quality Council, the body responsible for the endorsement of Training Packages, also has
responsibility for the endorsement of national competency standards that are not part of Training
Packages. These Guidelines apply equally to qualifications based on these competency standards.
In the vocational education and training sector there are a number of useful reference documents,
which are listed in the Appendix.
3. Learning Outcomes
3.1 Authority
In the vocational education and training sector, qualifications are based on nationally endorsed
competency standards where they exist or on competency standards developed by relevant industry,
enterprise, community or professional groups.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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The qualifications certify achievement of learning outcomes generally identified as sets of
competencies for levels of workplace performance reflected in the characteristics and distinguishing
features of each qualification. The focus in the vocational education and training sector is on the
capacity to assess directly the performance criteria in the competencies specified within the Training
Package or accredited course.
Authorisation of alignment of competency standards to AQF qualifications occurs as follows:

National Industry Skills Councils and other recognised bodies including relevant enterprises,
through the process of developing Training Packages, determine the relevant qualification for
each set of national competency standards in their respective Training Packages. This
determination is subject to endorsement by the National Quality Council.

State/Territory Course Accrediting Bodies, or Registered Training Organisations with delegated
authority to self-manage accreditation, through the course accreditation process determine the
relevant qualifications for any combined sets of national competency standards for which there
is a training need, derived either from more than one Training Package and/or other endorsed
sets of competency standards. The title of the new qualification must be clearly distinct from
those in the related Training Packages.

Where there is no relevant Training Package, State/Territory Course Accrediting Bodies, through
the course accreditation process, determine the relevant qualification for other sets of
competency standards developed by relevant industry, enterprise, community or professional
bodies to meet an identified training need.
3.2 Characteristics
Characteristics of competencies include:

performance of a defined range of skilled operations, usually within a range of broader related
activities involving known routines, methods and procedures, where some discretion and
judgement is required in the selection of equipment, services or contingency measures and
within known time constraints;

breadth, depth and complexity of knowledge and competencies would cover selecting,
adapting and transferring skills and knowledge to new environments and providing technical
advice and some leadership in resolution of specific problems. This would be applied across a
range of roles in a variety of contexts with some complexity in the extent and choice of options
available; and

applications may involve some responsibility for others. Participation in teams including group or
team coordination may be involved.
3.3 Distinguishing Features
Where additional information is required to assist in determining the qualification level, the following
chart could be used to help determine the most compatible match. It is emphasised that the chart is
not intended to be used as a checklist which all Certificate III qualifications must include, or to replace
the authority statement above.
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Table 7 Distinguishing Features: Certificates II, III and IV
Certificate II
Certificate III
Certificate IV
Do the Competencies
enable an individual
with this qualification
to:
Do the Competencies
enable an individual
with this qualification
to:
Do the Competencies
enable an individual
with this qualification
to:
demonstrate basic
operational knowledge in a
moderate range of areas
demonstrate some relevant
theoretical knowledge
demonstrate understanding
of a broad knowledge
base incorporating some
theoretical concepts
apply a defined range of
skills
apply a range of well
developed skills
apply known solutions to a
limited range of predictable
problems
apply known solutions
to a variety of predictable
problems
apply solutions to a defined
range of unpredictable
problems
perform a range of tasks
where choice between a
limited range of options is
required
perform processes that
require a range of well
developed skills where some
discretion and judgement is
required
identify and apply skill and
knowledge areas to a wide
variety of contexts with
depth in some areas
assess and record
information from varied
sources
interpret available
information, using
discretion and judgement
identify, analyse and
evaluate information from a
variety of sources
take limited responsibility
for own outputs in work
and learning
take responsibility for
own outputs in work and
learning
take responsibility for
own outputs in relation to
specified quality standards
take limited responsibility
for the output of others
take limited responsibility
for the quantity and quality
of the output of others
Note: italicised words emphasise distinguishing features of the competencies between
qualifications. In order to assist determining the relevant qualification, the most compatible
set of features should be selected. Not all features will necessarily apply.
Frontline Management Discussion Paper March 2009
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